THE  is  directly  opposite  the  Grand 
GRAND  Central  Station  in  New 
UNION  York.  Walk  across  the 
HOTEL  street,  give  your  baggage 
checks  to  the  clerk,  and  you  are  at 
home*  No  cab  fares,  no  bother  with 
baggage,  no  long  ride  over  jolty  streets. 

At  the  Grand  Union  you  can  live  as  econom- 
ically or  as  expensively  as  you  choose. 

ROOMS  $1.00  PER  DAY  AND  UPWARD. 

Our  120-page  guide  book  "  H&w  To  Know  New  York 
invaluable  to  every  visitor— will  be  sent  free  on  receipt 
of  three  one-cent  stamps.    Address  FORD  &  SHAW, 
Proprietors,  Grand  Union  Hotel,  New  York. 


feyjrrif  u»  ltW6._B»t«s-Whiun»ii  Company,  S.  T. 


REVISED  TO  JANUARY  1,  1900  WITH  MAP 


HOW  TO  KNOW 

New  York  City 


A  SERVICEABLE  AND  TRUSTWORTHY  GUIDE,  HAVING  ITS  STARTING 
POINT  AT  THE  GRAND  UNION  HOTEL.JUST  ACROSS  THE 
STREET  FROM  THE  GRAND  CENTRAL  DEPOT 


BY 

M.  F.  SWEETSER  AND  SIMEON  FORD 


TWELFTH  EDITION 

c  q 

NEW  YORK 
PRESS  OF  J.  J.  LITTLE  &  CO 
10  to  20  Astor  Place 


1900 


HOW  TO  KNOW  NEW  YORK. 


The  above  picture  represents  a  hotel-clerk,  in  the  act  of  answering 
a  question.  From  his  bland  expression,  you  would  not  suppose  that 
he  had  been  pretty  steadily  answering  questions  from  his  youth  up, 
and  has  probably  answered  this  very  question  upwards  of  a  million 
times ;  but  such  is  the  case.  A  good  hotel-clerk  must  be  a  walking 
encyclopaedia,  directory,  railway,  steamship,  and  postal  guide,  and,  in 
short,  a  universal  fountain  of  knowledge  and  information.  No  man 
is  more  maligned  than  the  hotel-clerk.  In  current  fiction  he  is  de- 
scribed as  a  haughty  and  unapproachable  despot,  who,  intrenched 


4 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


behind  a  large  diamond  shirt-stud,  superciliously  assigns  trembling 
travellers  to  remote  and  cheerless  chambers.  As  a  matter  of  fact, 
he  is  usually  the  most  good-natured  and  accommodating  of  mortals. 
Were  he  not  of  a  serene  and  placid  nature,  he  would  long  since  have 
decorated  a  cemetery.  He  is  expected  to  be  pleasant  under  the  most 
trying  circumstances ;  to  remember  everybody  by  name,  and  all  their 
peculiarities  and  eccentricities ;  to  give  every  one  the  best  room  in  the 
house  ;  to  laugh  at  every  humorous  anecdote  related  to  him,  no  matter 
how  antique ;  and  to  lend  a  sympathetic  ear  to  every  traveller  who  is 
in  distress,  or  imagines  that  he  is.  For  the  aid  of  the  stranger  first 
visiting  New  York,  this  modest  work  is  prepared.  It  is  not  issued 
for  the  benefit  of  the  hotel-clerk  (who  still  stands  ready  to  answer  any 
and  all  questions),  but  to  put  before  the  visitor,  clearly  and  briefly, 
information  which  is  likely  to  be  of  service  to  him. 

It  is  hoped,  too,  that  it  may  be  the  means  of  further  calling  to  the 
attention  of  the  travelling  public,  the  advantages  offered  by  the  Grand 
Union  Hotel,  which,  in  brief,  are  as  follows :  It  is  just  across  the 
street  from  the  Grand  Central  Depot,  to  and  from  which  baggage  of 
guests  is  taken  free.  Its  location  is  convenient,  street-cars  and  ele- 
vated roads  passing  its  doors,  to  all  points.  It  is  conducted  on  the 
European  plan,  and  comfortable  and  well-furnished  rooms  may  be 
obtained  at  prices  ranging  from  $1  to  $5  per  day.  The  cuisine  is 
first-class,  and  the  prices  are  very  moderate.  It  has  a  very  large 
patronage,  and  guests  can  live  well  at  the  Grand  Union  for  less  money 
than  at  any  other  first-class  hoteJ  in  New-York  City. 

Take  Your  Time.  —  New-Yorkers  conduct  business  as  though  life 
were  fleeting.  Go  down  town  and  watch  the  men  in  the  streets  !  Every 
one  seems  in  a  desperate  hurry;  and  the  visitor,  without  realizing  it, 
is  apt  to  become  imbued  with  the  all-pervading  hurry  and  scurry,  and 
finds  himself  rushing  and  elbowing  his  way  through  the  crowd.  This 
haste  is  a  characteristic  of  New-Yorkers,  and  the  traveller  who  wishes 
to  see  the  city  well  must  avoid  their  example.  He  must  go  slow,  and 
enjoy  what  he  sees.    Nothing  is  more  fatiguing  than  sight-seeing. 

Put  up  comfortably  at  the  Grand  Union  Hotel,  and  don't  try  to  see 
every  thing  in  a  dav. 


NEW-YORK  CITY. 


•  •  • 


Greater  New  York. — New  York  is  the  second  greatest  city  in  the 
world,  having  for  a  superior  London  only,  which  has  a  population 
of  5,000,000  and  an  area  of  688  square  miles.  This  new  metropo- 
lis has  a  population  of  3,500,000  ;  area,  359  square  miles  ;  taxable 
property,  $2,583,324,329;  debt,  $170,000,000;  wharfage  front,  75 
miles;  churches,  1,100;  dwelling  houses,  130,000;  business  houses, 
37,000  ;  parks.  6,000  acres  ;  paved  streets,  900  miles  ;  sewers,  700 
miles;  gas  mains,  1,800  miles;  railroads,  1,200  miles;  post-offices, 
90  ;  public  schools,  350.  According  to  the  census  of  1890,  the 
value  of  articles  manufactured  in  the  city  during  the  year  was 
$777,222,721.  There  are  25.403  factories,  one-fourth  of  which  are 
devoted  to  clothing,  cigars,  furniture,  and  printing.  3,639  clothing 
establishments  produce  $87,533,259  worth  of  goods  yearly;  1,166 
printing  and  publishing  houses  turn  out  $54,488, 179  worth  a  year; 
1,282  factories  produce  $33,452  430  worth  of  cigars  ;  and  563  shops 
make  $15,661,491  worth  of  furniture.  It  is  the  Mecca  toward  which 
Americans  journey,  and  the  city  where  millionnaires,  no  matter  where 
they  may  have  acquired  their  wealth,  come  to  live,  and  to  spend  their 
money.  Xo  other  American  city  furnishes  such  manifold  and  un- 
bounded opportunities  for  disposing  of  superfluous  wealth.  Fifth 
and  Madison  Avenues  are  lined  with  palaces,  peopled  by  men  grown 
rich  in  other  places.  No  city  of  the  world  has  such  magnificent 
dwellings,  such  prodigious  commercial  and  public  buildings,  such 


6 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


interesting  shops  and  stores.  It  is  the  city  which  every  American 
longs  at  some  time  to  see ;  and  we  will  remark,  with  the  modesty 
which  is  always  characteristic  of  hotel-men,  that  the  proper  place  for 
them  to  stop  while  seeing  it,  is  at  the  Grand  Union  Hotel,  opposite 
the  Grand  Central  Depot.  Aside  from  the  so-called  objects  of  in- 
terest, such  as  museums,  parks,  theatres,  etc.,  the  visitor  will  find  in 
the  public  streets,  and  the  people  who  throng  them,  an  endless  source 
of  amusement  and  interest.  New  York  is  eminently  a  cosmopolitan 
city.  Its  population  is  made  up  of  the  people  of  every  clime.  In 
different  parts  of  the  city,  there  are  colonies  made  up  almost  exclu- 
sively of  foreigners. 

"  Germany."  —  East  of  Second  Avenue,  and  extending  from  Houston 
up  to  14th  Street,  is  a  region  called  "Germany."  Here  one  can 
study  the  Teutonic  character,  without  the  danger  of  an  ocean-voyage. 
Signs  are  in  German;  the  German  language  is  spoken;  lager-beer  is 
the  prevailing  fluid;  and,  with  the  aid  of  a  lively  imagination,  the 
visitor  may  fancy  himself  in  the  "  Vaterland." 

*'  Italy  "  is  the  name  given  to  another  part  of  the  city,  centring 
about  the  Five  Points.  Here  children  of  sunny  Italy  may  be  found 
disporting  themselves  in  great  numbers,  many  of  them  still  wearing 
their  picturesque  native  costumes,  and  speaking  no  language  but  their 
own.  They  are  peaceable,  industrious,  and  sober  citizens.  Cleanli- 
ness, however,  is  not  their  specialty.  The  entire  Italian  population 
do  not,  as  is  commonly  supposed,  devote  themselves  to  the  manip- 
ulation of  the  hand-organ,  or  the  sale  of  the  cheap  (yet  nutritious) 
peanut.  Many  of  them  are  waiters,  rag-pickers,  and  street-laborers  ± 
and  among  the  higher  class,  there  are  music-teachers,  literary  men, 
professors  of  languages,  etc. 

*  China."  —  The  traveller  desirous  of  viewing  the  almond-eyed  Celes- 
tial in  his  full  glory,  should  visit  Mott  Street  on  a  Sunday  night.  Here 
*  John  "  may  be  seen,  arrayed  in  all  the  splendor  of  Chinese  apparel, 
his  shirt-tails  picturesquely  worn  outside,  and  his  pigtail  floating  in 
the  breeze,  indulging  in  the  relaxation  to  which  his  six  days  and 
nights  of  uninterrupted  labor  at  the  great  Chinese  national  industry, 
taundrying,  has  so  richly  entitled  him.    Here  he  smokes  his  opium, 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


7 


plays  his  mysterious  games  of  chance,  worships  in  his  peculiar  way, 
and  minds  his  own  business  with  a  steadfastness  of  purpose  which  is 
worthy  of  emulation  by  people  claiming  to  be  more  advanced  in 
civilization  than  he.  Among  the  women  of  the  lower  class  of  Irish 
and  Italians,  "  John  "  is  looked  upon  as  a  prize  in  the  matrimonial 
market  He  makes  a  good  husband  ;  for  he  not  only  provides  the 
funds  for  the  maintenance  of  the  family,  but,  at  odd  times,  tends  the 
baby,  and  does  all  the  housework,  washing,  sewing,  etc.  His  dispo- 
sition is  peaceful ;  but  when  disputes  arise,  as  they  will  in  the  best- 
regulated  households,  his  pigtail,  always  within  easy  reach,  offers 
the  partner  of  his  joys  and  sorrows  a  convenient  medium  for  the  vin- 
dication of  her  outraged  feelings.  When  a  robust  female  attaches 
herself  to  the  end  of  "John's"  pigtail,  he  generally  yields  the  point 
in  dispute,  without  further  argument.  In  this  outlandish  quarter,  you 
may  buy,  at  the  Chinese  groceries,  the  luscious  Langi  nuts,  and  the 
leathery  abalene,  which  looks  and  tastes  like  ancient  boot-heels. 
Here  the  Chinese  Freemasons  hold  their  mystic  lodges;  and  quaint 
New- Year's  festivities  enliven  the  scene  ;  and  devout  Celestials  wor- 
ship their  strange  gods,  in  the  joss-house  on  Mott  Street. 

"Africa."  —  Thompson  Street,  just  north  of  Canal  Street,  is  some- 
times called  by  this  name,  by  reason  of  its  being  almost  exclusively  oc- 
cupied by  the  dusky  Ethiopian.  The  negroes  are  industrious  and  peace- 
able citizens,  good-natured  and  happy  under  all  circumstances.  It  is  a 
popular  superstition,  that  the  negro,  on  the  slightest  pretext,  "pulls 
a  razor,"  and  proceeds  to  carve  every  one  in  his  vicinity,  revelling 
meanwhile  in  gore.  The  writer,  however,  has  several  times  pene- 
trated the  jungles  of  Thompson  Street,  and  has  thus  far  escaped  either 
mutilation  or  sudden  death. 

"  JudcBa" is  near  the  east  end  of  Canal  Street,  around  Ludlow  Street 
and  East  Broadway,  where  this  wondrously  preserved  Semitic  people 
are  found  in  great  numbers.  There  are  over  100,000  Hebrews  in 
New  York,  with  about  40  synagogues,  and  twice  as  many  smaller 
shrines,  and  a  score  of  societies  of  charity.  They  form  one-tenth  of 
the  city's  population,  but  less  than  one-hundredth  of  its  criminals 
come  from  their  number.    There  are  42  Hebrew  millionaires  in  New 


8 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


York  ;  their  estates  ranging  from  Max  Weil's  $S, 000,000,  downward 
through  the  Seligmans  and  Wormsers  and  Bernheimers,  to  the  score 
of  one-million-dollar  men. 

Population.  —  The  census  (1890)  gives  New  York  alone  i,Soi,ooo 
inhabitants,  of  whom  727,629  were  American-born,  and  639,943  of 
foreign  birth.  Of  these,  198,595  were  from  Ireland,  35,907  from  Eng- 
land, 11,242  from  Scotland,  and  965  from  Wales.  Germany  con- 
tributed 201,723;  Italy,  39,951;  France,  10,535;  Russia,  48,790; 
Spain,  887.  There  were  17,937  New-Jersey-born  New-Yorkers  ; 
11,055  from  Pennsylvania  ;  10,589  from  Massachusetts. 

Buildings,  etc. — There  are  over  100,000  buildings  in  the  city,  70,000 
of  which  are  below  59th  Street.  25,000  of  them  are  used  for  business 
purposes,  and  77,000  for  dwellings.  140  of  the  buildings  are  fire- 
proof.   There  are  306  piers,  and  144  bridges. 

Polling-Places. — There  are  more  than  1,500  polling-places  within 
the  limits  of  the  greater  city. 

Fire-Department  consists  of  84  steam  fire-engines,  3  water-towers, 
3S  hook-and-ladder  trucks,  a  life-saving  corps,  i,oSo  miles  of  lire- 
alarm  telegraph,  980  alarm-boxes,  350  horses,  and  1,000  men.  It 
costs  $2,300,000  a  year.  There  are  73  companies,  making  12  battal- 
ions, each  under  a  chief  of  battalion.  With  the  fire  forces  of  Brook- 
lyn and  the  annexed  municipalities  added,  the  total  number  of  engines 
and  machines  capable  of  use  foots  up  to  420. 

Police-Department  on  Manhattan  Island  has  30  precincts  and  sta- 
tion-houses, 75  patrol-wagons,  6  courts,  and  4,200  men  (each  getting 
$800  to  $1,200  a  year).  The  headquarters  is  at  300  Mulberry  Street, 
where  the  Rogues'  Gallery  is  kept.  Many  new  precincts  were  added 
at  the  time  of  the  consolidation  of  New  York  and  Brooklyn. 

Distances. — Battery  to  City  Hall,  f  mile  ;  to  Canal  Street,  miles  ; 
to  4th  Street,  2  miles.  Above  3d  Street  the  blocks  between  the 
streets  bearing  numbers  are  twenty  to  a  mile,  and  the  blocks  be- 
tween the  avenues  are  seven  to  a  mile. 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


9 


RAILROAD  DEPOTS. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  principal  railroads  running  into  New 
York,  the  location  of  the  depots,  and  how  to  reach  the  same  from  the 
Grand  Union  Hotel,  Fourth  Avenue  and  42d  Street  (or  vice  versa). 
All  the  elevated  railroads  have  stations  at  43d  Street.  The  directions 
are  in  Italic  type. 

Baltimore  and  Ohio  Railroad.  —  Depot  at  Jersey  City.  Ferry  from 
foot  of  Liberty  Street.  Sixth-avenue  Elevated  Road  to  Cvrtlandt-street 
Station, 

Central  Railroad  of  New  Jersey.  —Depot  at  Jersey  City.  Ferry 

from  foot  of  Liberty  Street  and  Whitehall  Street.  Sixth-avenue 
Elevated  Road  to  Cortlandt-street  Station,  or  South  Ferry. 

Delaware,  Lackawanna,  and  Western  Railroad  {Morris  and  Essex).  — 
Depot  at  Hoboken.  Ferry  from  foot  of  Barclay  Street,  or  Christo- 
pher Street.  Ninth-avenue  Elevated  to  Christopher-street  Station,  or 
Sixth-avenue  Elevated  to  Park  Place  [for  Barclay-street  Ferry). 

Erie  Railroad.  —  Depot  at  Jersey  City.  Ferry  foot  of  Chambers 
Street,  or  West  23d  Street.  Sixth-avenue  Elevated  to  Chambers- 
street  Station,  or  Third-avenue  Elevated  to  2jd-street  Station,  and 
street-car  across. 

Harlem  Railroad.  —  See  New  York  and  Harlem. 

Hudson-River  Railroad.  —  See  New-York  Central  and  Hudson-River 
Railroad. 

Lehigh  Valley.  — West  23d,  Desbrosses,  or  Cortlandt  Street. 

Long-Island  Railroad.  —  Depot  at  Long  Island  City.  Ferry  from 
East  34th  Street.     Street  cars  from  door. 

Morris  and  Essex  Railroad.  —  See  Delaware,  Lackawanna,  and 
Western. 

New- Jersey  Central  Railroad.  —  See  Central  Railroad  of  New 
Jersey. 

New-Jersey  Southern  Railroad.  —  Depot  at  Sandy  Hook.  Steamer 
from  foot  of  Rector  Street.    Sixth-avenue  Elevated  to  Rector  Street. 

New- Jersey  and  New-York  Railroad.  —  Depot  at  Jersey  City.  Ferry 
foot  of  Chambers  Street  and  West  23d  Street,    Sixth-az'enue  Elevated 


PARK  ROW,   LOOKING  NORTH. 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


1 1 


to  Chambers-street  Station,  or  Third-avenue  Elevated  to  West-2jd-st?-eel 
Station,  and  street-car  across. 

New-York  City  and  Northern  Railroad.  —  Depot  at  155th  Street 
Sixth-avenue  Elevated  Road. 

New-York  Central  and  Hudson-River  Railroad.  —  Grand  Central 
Depot.    (The  Grand  Union  Hotel  is  just  across  the  street.) 

New-York  and  Harlem  Railroad.  —  G?-and  Central  Depot,  (The 
Grand  Union  Hotel  is  just  across  the  street.) 

New- York,  New- Haven,  and  Hartford  Railroad.  —  Grand  Central 
Depot.    (The  Grand  Union  Hotel  is  just  across  the  street.) 

New-  York  and  New-England  Railroad.  —  Graitd  Central  Depot.  (The 
Grand  Union  Hotel  is  just  across  the  street.) 

New-York,  Ontario,  and  Western  Railroad.  —  Depot  at  Weehawken 
Ferry  from  foot  of  West  42a!  Street.  42d-street  Cross-town  cars  [white) 
pass  the  Grand  Union  Hotel,  reaching  the  ferry  in  ten  minutes. 

Pennsylvania  Railroad.  —  Depot  at  Jersey  City.  Ferries  at  foot  of 
Cortlandt,  Desbrosses,  and  West  23d  Streets.  Sixth-avenue  Elevated 
to  Cortlandt  Street,  Ninth-avenue  to  Desbrosses  Street,  or  Fourth- 
avenue  and  23d- Street  cars  to  West  23d  Street. 

Philadelphia  and  Reading  Railroad.  —  Depot  at  foot  of  Liberty 
Street.    Sixth-avenue  Elevated  to  Cortlandt  Street. 

West-Shore  Railroad. — Depots  at  Jersey  City  and  WTeehawken 
Ferries  from  foot  of  Jay  Street,  and  West  42d  Street.  42d-.rtreei 
Cross-town  cars  [white)  pass  the  Grand  Union  Hotel,  reaching  42, 
street  Ferry  in  ten  minutes. 


♦  ♦  European  plan,  ♦  ♦ 

AND  GUESTS  CAN  REGULATE  THEIR  EXPENSES 


GTuests  are  charged  for  their  rooms,  and  may  take 
their  meals  in  the  Hotel  or  not,  as  they  see  fit. 


THE 

RAND  UNION  HOTEL 


IS  CONDUCTED  ONLY  ON  THE 


TO  SUIT  THEMSELVES. 


Hew  to  Know  New  York. 


t3 


STEAMBOATS   AND  STEAMSHIPS. 

Ocean  Steamships. — All  the  principal  transatlantic  steamships  sail 
from  the  port  of  New  York.  A  visit  to  one  of  them  will  repay  the 
stranger.  Select  a  steamer  of  the  American,  Cunard,  White  Star,  or 
French  lines,  and  go  down  to  the  dock  an  hour  or  so  before  the  sail- 
ing-time (see  daily  papers).  The  vessel  will  be  crowded  with  pass- 
engers and  their  friends,  the  saloon  gay  with  floral  offerings,  and 
every  thing  open  to  inspection.  When  the  warning-bell  rings,  hur- 
ried farewells  and  parting  injunctions  and  admonitions  are  given, 
and  those  who  are  to  go  on  shore  scurry  down  the  gang-plank. 
Slowly  the  vessel  backs  out  from  the  pier,  and  amid  cheers  and 
waving  of  handkerchiefs,  and  a  chorus  of  good-bys,  slowly  turns  her 
prow  towards  the  many  miles  of  trackless  ocean  which  lie  between 
her  and  her  destination. 

About  this  time  the  man  who  is  always  late  comes  rushing  breath- 
lessly down  the  pier,  only  to  find  that  he  is  left  again.  It  is  of  no 
avail  for  him  frantically  to  wave  his  umbrella,  and  with  shrill  expos- 
tulation command  the  vessel  to  return.  Those  mighty  engines  will 
never  cease  to  throb  and  pulse  until  the  Old  World  is  sighted. 

The  principal  ocean  lines  sailing  out  of  New  York  are, — 
FOR  EUROPE, 

Ameiican  Line. — New  York  to  Southampton.  Wednesdays.  Pier 
14,  N.  R.,  foot  of  Fulton  Street.  International  Navigation  Co., 
6  Bowling  Green. 


14 


How  to  Knozv  New  York. 


Allen- State  Line. — New  York  to  Glasgow  via  Londonderry.  Sat- 
urdays. Foot  21st  Street,  N.  R.  Austin  Baldwin  &  Co.,  Agents, 
No.  53  Broadway. 

Anchor  Line. — New  York  to  Glasgow.  Saturdays.  Foot  of  24th 
Street,  N.  R.  Fares,  first  cabin,  $50  to  $60  ;  second  cabin,  $30. 
Henderson  Bros.,  Agents,  No.  7  Bowling  Green. 

Cunard  Line. — New  York  to  Liverpool.  Saturdays.  Pier  40 
(new),  N.  R..  foot  of  Clarkson  Street.  Fares,  first  cabin,  $60  to 
$125.    Vernon  H  Brown  &  Co.,  Agents,  No.  4  Bowling  Green 

French  Line. — New  York  to  Havre.  Saturdays.  Pier  42  (new), 
N.  R.,  foot  of  Morton  Street.  Fares,  first  cabin,  $80  to  $100; 
second  cabin,  $60.    General  Agents,  No.  3  Bowling  Green. 

Hamburg- Am  eric  an. — New  York  to  Hamburg  2nd  Southampton. 
Thursdays  and  Saturdays.  Pier  foot  of  First  Street,  Hoboken. 
Fares,  first  cabin,  single,  $100  and  up.  Hamburg-American  Packet 
Company,  37  Broadway. 

Netherlands  Line. — New  York  to  Rotterdam  or  Amsterdam.  Sat- 
urdays. Foot  of  Fifth  Street,  Hoboken.  Fares,  first  cabin,  $45  to 
$50  ;  second  cabin.  $32. 

North-German  Lloyd. — New  Vork  to  Bremen  via  Southampton. 
Wednesdays  and  Saturdays.  Pier  foot  of  Second  Street,  Hoboken. 
Fares,  first  cabin,  $75  to  $125  ;  second  cabin,  $55.  Oelrichs  &  Co., 
Agents,  No.  2  Bowling  Green. 

Red- Star  Line. — From  New  York  to  Antwerp  and  Paris.  Wednes- 
days. Pier  foot  of  Fulton  Street,  N.  R.  Fares,  first  cabin,  $45  and 
up  ;  second  cabin,  $35.  International  Navigation  Co.,  No.  6  Bowl- 
ing Green. 

White-Star  Line. — New  York  to  Liverpool.  Wednesdays  only. 
Pier  45  (new),  N.  R.,  foot  of  West  10th  Street.  Fares,  first  cabin, 
$50  to  $125  and  up  ;  second  cabin,  $35.  Agents,  No.  29  Broadway. 
The  new  steamer  "  Oceanic  "  has  recently  been  added  to  the  White 
Star  fleet.  She  is  longer  than  the  Great  Eastern,  with  great  passenger 
and  freight  capacity. 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


15 


FOR  BERMUDA  AND  WEST  INDIES. 

Quebec  Steamship  Company. — New  York  to  Bermuda.  Wednes- 
days. Pier  47  (new),  N.  R.  Fares,  first  cabin,  $30  ;  excursion, 
S50  ;  second  cabin,  $20;  excursion,  $33.50.  Agents,  No.  39 
Broadway. 

FOR  CUBA  AND  MEXICO, 

Compania  Transatlantica  Espanol. — New  York  to  Havana.  Every 
10  days.  Pier  10,  E.  R.  Fares,  to  Havana,  first  cabin,  $50  ;  to 
Vera  Cruz,  Mexico,  first  cabin,  $85.  J.  M.  Ceballos  <N:  Co., 
Agents,  No.  80  Wall  Street. 

FOR  CUBA,  NASSAU,  AND  MEXICO. 

New  -  York  and  Cuba  Steamship  Company. — New  York  to  Havana. 
Wednesdays  and  Saturdays,  3  p.m.  Pier  16,  E.  R.  Fares,  to  Ha- 
vana, $50  ;  to  Santiago  and  Cienfuegos,  via  South-side  Line,  $60  ; 
to  Nassau,  $40. 

New-  York  and  Cuba  Steamship  Company. — New  York  to  Vera 
Cruz.  Saturdays,  3  P.M.  Pier  16,  E.  R.  Fares,  to  Vera  Cruz, 
$75  ;  to  City  of  Mexico,  $80.  James  E.  Ward  &  Co.,  Agents,  No. 
113  Wall  Street. 

FOR  WEST  INDIES  AND  SOUTH  AND  CENTRAL  AMERICA. 

Atlas  Line. — New  York  to  Kingston,  Jamaica.  Every  14  days. 
Pier  55,  N.  R.  Fares,  first  cabin,  $50  ;  second  cabin,  $35.  Pirn, 
Forwood  &  Co.,  Agents,  No.  24  State  Street. 

FOR  ST.  THOMAS  AND  SOUTH  AMERICA. 

Brazil  Steamship  Company. — New  York  to  St.  Thomas  and  Rio  de 
Janeiro.  Weekly.  Foot  West  10th  Street.  Fares,  first  cabin  to 
St.  Thomas,  $60  ;  to  Rio  de  Janeiro,  $160.  A.  E.  Outerbridge  & 
Co.,  Agents,  No.  39  Broadway. 


i6 


How  to  Know  Nezv  York. 


COASTWISE  STEAMSHIPS. 

The  principal  coastwise  steamship  lines  sailing  from  the  port  of 
New  York  are, — 

Cromwell  Line. — New  York  to  New  Orleans,  La.  Wednesdays 
and  Saturdays,  3  p.m.  Pier  9,  N.  R.  Fares,  cabin,  $35  ;  Steerage, 
$20.    E.  S.  Allen,  Agent,  Pier  9,  North  River. 

Mallory  Line. — New  York  to  Brunswick  and  Fernandina,  Fla. 
Fridays,  3  P.M.  Pier  21,  E.  R.  Fares,  to  Fernandina,  first  cabin, 
$22.50;  to  Jacksonville,  $24. 

Mallory  L^ine. — New  York  to  Galveston  and  Key  West.  Wednes- 
days and  Saturdays,  3  p.m.  Pier  20,  E.  R.  Fares,  to  Galveston, 
Tex.,  $45  ;  to  Key  West,  Fla.,  $40.  C.  H.  Mallory  &  Co.,  Agents, 
Pier  20,  East  River. 

New-  York  and  Charleston  Steams  hip  Company: — New  York  to 
Charleston,  S.  C.  Mondays,  Wednesdays,  and  Fridays,  3  p.m. 
Pier  29,  E.  R.    Fares,  first  cabin,  $20  ;  excursion,  $32. 

Ocean  Steamship  Company. — New  York  to  Savannah.  Mondays, 
Wednesdays,  Fridays,  and  Saturdays,  3  p.m.  New  Pier  35,  N.  R., 
foot  of  Spring  Street.  Fares,  first  cabin,  $20  ;  excursion,  $32.  G. 
M.  Sorrel,  Agent,  on  Pier. 

Old  Dominion  Line. — New  York  to  Norfolk,  Va.  Daily,  except 
Sunday,  3  p.m.  Pier  26  (new),  N.  R.,  foot  of  Beach  Street.  Fares, 
to  Norfolk,  Va.,  $8  ;  excursion,  $13. 

Old  Dominion  LAne. — New  York  to  Richmond,  Va.  Daily,  except 
Sunday,  3  p.m.  Pier  26,  N.  R.  Fares,  to  Richmond,  $9  ;  excur- 
sion, $14.    Old  Dominion  Company,  Office  on  Pier. 

River  and  Sound  Steamboats. — Foreigners  sailing  into  New-York 
Harbor  for  the  first  time  are  amazed  at  the  grandeur  of  the  River 
and  Sound  steamers.  Nearly  all  are  side-wheelers,  usually  painted 
white,  and  many  are  of  great  size  and  speed. 


1 8 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


The  famous  steamers  "  Massachusetts  "  and  4'  Connecticut  "  of  the 
Providence  Line,  from  Pier  29,  North  River,  run  direct  to  Providence, 
connecting  for  Boston,  Worcester,  Nashua,  Concord,  White  Mountains, 
Bar  Harbor,  and  all  points  north  and  east.  They  are  equipped  with 
every  luxury,  and  are  veritable  floating  palaces. 

For  those  who  are  not  good  sailors,  and  are  troubled  with  seasick 
ness,  the  "inside  route"  to  Boston,  via  the  Stonington  Line,  is  always 
popular.  It  is  entirely  within  the  limits  of  Long  Island  Sound,  and, 
except  in  cases  of  extreme  weather,  is  usually  a  very  quiet,  easy, 
restful  trip. 

The  principal  lines,  with  their  location,  and  the  best  way  of  reaching 
them  from  the  Grand  Union  Hotel,  are  shown  below.  All  Elevated 
Railroads  have  stations  at  42d  Street.  N.  R.,  =  North  River.  E.  R., 
=  East  River. 


LONG-ISLAND  SOUND  STEAMERS. 


Name  of  Line. 

New  York 
to  — 

Start  from  Foot 
of  — 

Elevated  Station  and  Line 
Nearest. 

Stonington  Line. 
Providence  Line. 
Norwich  Line. 
Fall-River  Line. 
Hartford  Line. 
New-Haven  Line. 

Bridgeport  Line. 

Boston. 

Boston. 

Boston. 

Boston. 

Hartford. 

New  Haven. 

Bridgeport,  j 

Spring  St.,  N.  R. 
Warren  St.,  N.  R. 
Canal  St.,  N.  R. 
Murray  St.,  N.  R. 
Peck  Slip,  E.  R. 
Peck  Slip,  E.  R. 
Peck  Slip  and 
Catherine  St.,  E.  R. 

Desbrosses  St.,  9th  Avenue. 
Chambers  St.,  6th  Avenue. 
Desbrosses  St.,  9th  Avenue 
Park  Place,  6th  Avenue. 
Fulton  St.,  3d  Avenue. 
Fulton  St.,  3d  Avenue. 
Fulton  St.,  3d  Avenue,  and 
Chatham  Square,  3d  Avenue. 

HUDSON-RIVER  STEAMERS. 

Name  of  Line. 

New  York 
to  — 

Start  from  Foot 
of  — 

Elevated  Station  and  Line 
Nearest. 

People's  Line. 
Citizens'  Line. 

Day  Line. 

Albany. 
Albany  and 

Troy. 
Albany  and 
inter,  points. 

Canal  St.,  N.  R. 
Christopher  St., 
N.  R. 

Desbrosses  St.  and 
\\  est  226.  tt. 

Desbrosses  St.,  9th  Avenue. 
8th  St.,  6th  Ave.,  and  street- 
cars. 

Desbrosses  St.,  9th  Avenue,  and 
street  cars. 

How  to  Know  New  York. 


19 


LOCAL  MODES  OF  CONVEYANCE. 

Elevated  Railroaas  render  getting  about  easy  and  rapid  in  New-York 
City,  which  being  long  and  narrow,  makes  distances  great.  There  are 
four  of  these  roads;  viz.,  the  Second,  Third,  Sixth,  and  Ninth  Avenue 
"  L  "  lines.  All  of  them  extend  the  length  of  the  city,  and  start  from 
South  Ferry,  which  is  at  the  extreme  lower  end. 

One  branch  of  the  Third-avenue  line  runs  to  and  from  the  City  Hall 
and  Brooklyn  Bridge  to  Chatham  Square,  where  it  joins  the  main 
line.  Another  branch  runs  through  42d  Street  to  the  Grand  Central 
Depot,  just  across  the  street  from  which  is  the  Grand  Union  Hotel. 
Another  branch,  on  the  Third  and  Second  Avenue  lines,  runs  from  the 
34th-street  stations  to  the  34th-street  Ferry.  All  the  lines  have  stations 
at  43d  Street,  within  easy  distance  of  the  Grand  Central  Depot  and 
Grand  Union  Hotel. 

For  further  particulars  regarding  Elevated  Railroads,  see  end  of 
book. 

Street-Cars. — Electric  and  cable  cars  have  replaced  the  old-time 
street-cars  to  a  very  large  extent.  They  have  the  advantage  of  in- 
creased speed,  better  light  and  heat,  added  to  more  room  and  com- 
fort. The  system  of  transfers  is  so  extended  that  one  or  two  fares 
will  carry  a  passenger  to  nearly  every  part  of  the  city.  The  Madison- 
avenue  cars,  south  to  Post  Office  and  north  to  Central  Park  and  the 
Harlem  River,  stop  directly  in  front  of  the  Grand  Union  Hotel.  The 
42d-street  cars,  consisting  of  the  West  Shore,  Boulevard,  and  other 
crosstown  lines,  stop  at  the  uptown  corner  of  the  Grand  Union  Hotel. 
Space  permits  us  to  mention  a  few  of  the  other  lines  : 

Madison-avenue  Line,  from  Post-office  to  Fourth  Avenue,  up  Fourth 
Avenue  (passing  Grand  Union  Hotel  and  Grand  Central  Depot),  to 
Madison  Avenue  to  138th  Street. 

Broadway  Line,  from  the  Battery,  up  Broadway,  to  45th  Street, 
and  thence  up  Seventh  Avenue  to  Central  Park  (59th  Street). 

Third-avenue  Line,  fiom  Post-office  to  Third  Avenue,  and  up  Third 
Avenue  (passing  within  one  block  of  Grand  Union  Hotel  ~n<l  Grand 
Central  Depot),  to  Harlem. 


20 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


Sixth-avenue  Line,  from  Broadway  and  Vesey  Streets  to  Sixth  Ave* 
nue,  and  up  Sixth  Avenue  (passing  within  two  blocks  of  Grand  Union 
Hotel  and  Grand  Central  Depot),  to  Central  Park  (59th  Street). 

Belt  Line,  from  Battery  along  the  East-river  front  to  59th  Street, 
across  5gih  Street,  and  down  to  Battery  again  on  North-river  front 
(west  side).  This  line  passes  all  ferries,  steamboat  and  steamship 
docks. 

Cross-tozvn  Lines  cross  the  city  from  river  to  river,  at  Canal  Street, 
Grand  Street,  Houston  Street,  14th  Street,  23d  Street,  42d  Street, 
59th  Street,  and  125th  Street,  and  also  at  Fulton  Street. 

Boulevard  Line  (green  cars)  passes  through  43d  Street,  in  front  of 
Grand  Union  Hotel,  up  the  Western  Boulevard  to  Riverside  Park 
and  General  Grant's  tomb. 

Fare.  —  The  fare  on  all  the  lines  is  five  cents. 

Stages. — There  is  now  but  one  line  of  stages  (or  omnibuses)  in 
the  city.  The  route  is  from  the  corner  of  South  Fifth  Avenue  and 
Bleecker  Street  up  Fifth  Avenue  to  89th  Street.  These  stages,  or 
coaches,  are  a  great  improvement  over  the  4 4  busses  "  used  for  so 
many  years  in  New  York.  There  are  seats  for  twelve  persons  inside, 
and  six  on  top.  A  ride  the  full  length  of  this  line,  known  as  the 
"  Fifth-avenue  coaches,"  is  strongly  recommended,  as  it  leads 
through  a  most  superb  part  of  the  city.  Ladies  frequently  ride  on 
top,  and  there  is  no  impropriety  in  so  doing.  The  stages  pass  one 
block  west  of  the  Grand  Union  Hotel. 
I    Fare. — The  fare  is  five  cents. 

Cabs  and  Carriages.  —  Before  hiring  a  cab  or  carriage,  be  sure  to 
make  an  exact  agreement  with  the  driver  as  to  the  charge.  Fares  are 
high,  but  the  driver  will  often  try  to  get  more  than  is  legally  due  him; 
and  a  wrangle  is  apt  to  ensue,  unless  a  bargain  is  made  beforehand. 

Hansoms,  or  open  Londofi  Cabs,  have  become  very  popular.  It  is 
easy  to  get  in  and  out,  and  the  passenger  has  an  uninterrupted  view. 
A  pleasant  way  of  seeing  the  city,  is  to  hire  one  of  these  vehicles  by  the 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


21 


hour,  and  be  driven  through  the  principal  streets.  By  applying  at  the 
hotel  office,  cabs  or  carriages  with  trustworthy  drivers  may  be  obtained 
at  the  regular  rates,  and  no  trouble  will  be  had.  The  Pennsylvania 
Railroad  Company  has  established  at  their  ferry,  foot  of  West  23d 
Street,  a  cheap  cab  service.  Their  vehicles  are  comfortable  and  the 
attendants  courteous. 

City  Ordinances  fix  the  legal  rates  for  cabs  and  coaches,  and  make 
the  following  regulations  : — 

One-Horse  "Cabs,"  or  " Hansoms."  i.  —  For  conveying  one  or 
more  persons  any  distance,  sums  not  exceeding  the  following  amounts : 
fifty  cents  for  the  first  mile  or  part  thereof;  and  each  additional  half- 
mile  or  part  thereof,  twenty-five  cents.  By  distance,  for  "  stops  "  of 
over  five  minutes,  and  not  exceeding  fifteen  minutes,  twenty-five  cents. 
For  longer  stops,  the  rate  will  be  twenty-five  cents  for  every  fifteen 
minutes  or  fraction  thereof,  if  more  than  five  minutes.  For  a  brief 
stop,  not  exceeding  five  minutes  in  a  single  trip,  there  will  be  no 
charge. 

2.  —  For  the  use  of  a  cab  (or  hansom )  by  the  hour,  with  the  privilege 
of  going  from  place  to  place,  and  stopping  as  often  and  long  as  may  be 
required,  one  dollar  for  the  first  hour  or  part  thereof;  and  for  each 
succeeding  half-hour  or  part  thereof,  fifty  cents. 

Two-Horse  "Coaches."  3.  —  For  conveying  one  or  more  persons 
any  distance,  sums  not  exceeding  the  following  amounts :  one  dollar 
for  the  first  mile  or  part  thereof;  and  each  additional  half-mile  or  part 
thereof,  forty  cents.  By  distance,  for  stops  of  over  five  minutes,  and  not 
exceeding  fifteen  minutes,  thirty-eight  cents.  For  longer  stops,  the 
rate  will  be  thirty-eight  cents  for  every  fifteen  minutes.  For  a  brief 
stop,  not  exceeding  five  minutes  in  a  single  trip,  there  will  be  no 
charge. 

4.  —  For  the  use  of  a  coach  by  the  hour,  with  privilege  of  going 
from  place  to  place,  and  stopping  as  often  and  long  as  may  be  re- 
quired, one  dollar  and  fifty  cents  for  the  first  hour  or  part  thereof; 
and  for  each  succeeding  half-hour  or  part  thereof,  seventy-five  cents. 

5.  —  No  cab  or  coach  shall  be  driven  the  time-rate  at  a  pace  less 
than  five  miles  an  hour. 


22 


How  to  Know  New  York, 


6.  —  From  "line  balls,"  one  or  two  passengers,  to  any  point  south 
of  59th  Street,  two  dollars;  each  additional  passenger,  fifty  cents; 
north  of  59th  Street,  each  additional  mile  shall  be  charged  for  al*a  rate 
not  to  exceed  fifty  cents  per  mile. 

7.  —  Every  owner  or  driver  of  any  hackney-coach  or  cab  shall  carry 
on  his  coach  or  cab  one  piece  of  baggage,  not  to  exceed  fifty  pounds 
in  weight,  without  extra  charge ;  but  for  any  additional  baggage  he 
may  carry,  he  shall  be  entitled  to  extra  compensation,  at  the  rate  of 
twenty-five  cents  per  piece. 

Sect.  100.  —  There  shall  be  fixed  in  each  hackney-coach  or  cab,  in 
such  a  manner  as  can  be  conveniently  read  by  any  person  riding  in 
the  same,  a  card  containing  the  name  of  the  owner  of  said  carriage,  the 
number  of  his  license,  and  the  whole  of  section  89  of  this  article, 
printed  in  plain,  legible  characters,  under  a  penalty  of  revocation  of 
license  for  violation  thereof,  said  section  to  be  provided  by  the  License 
Bureau  in  pamphlet  or  card  form,  and  to  be  furnished  free  to  the 
owner  of'  such  hackney-coach  or  cab. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  driver  of  every  such  hackney-coach  or 
cab,  at  the  commencement  of  his  employment,  to  present  the  passen- 
ger employing  him  with  a  printed  card  or  slip  containing,  in  case  of 
cabs,  subdivisions  1  and  2,  and  in  case  of  coaches,  subdivisions  3  and 
4,  of  section  89  of  this  article. 

Sect.  105.  —  Any  person  or  persons  who  shall  violate  any  or  either 
of  the  provisions  of  sections  98  to  106,  both  inclusive,  of  this  article 
shall  be  liable  to  a  penalty  of  ten  dollars. 

Horse/ess  Carriages. — The  horseless  carriage  is  now  seen  in  many 
different  shapes,  and  in  all  parts  of  the  city.  It  affords  the  visitor 
a  rapid,  pleasant,  and  comfortable  method  of  transportation.  The 
rates  are  about  the  same  as  the  ordinary  street  vehicles. 


by  street  car  or  Fifth  Avenue  Stage,  being  less 
than  a  mile  distant. 


Central  Park 


is  but  ten  minutes  from 
the  Grand   Union  Hotel 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


23 


PUBLIC  BUILDINGS  AND  LOCALITIES. 

With  few  exceptions,  the  public  buildings  of  the  city  are  not  im- 
posing or  elegant.  Most  of  them,  built  many  years  ago,  suffer  by 
contrast  with  the  great  commercial  piles  which  have  more  recently 
been  erected.    The  most  important  are  named  below. 

Assay  Office  on  Wall  Street,  just  east  of  Nassau,  is  the  oldest  build- 
ing on  the  street,  having  been  built  for  the  United-States  Branch 
Bank,  in  1823.  Here  gold  and  silver  are  brought  in  the  crude  state, 
and  assayed,  refined,  and  cast  into  bars,  to  be  made  into  coin  else- 
where. As  high  as  $100,000,000  in  bullion  is  sometimes  assayed  here 
in  a  year.  Here  may  be  seen  $50,000,000  or  more,  stacked  up  in 
shining  gold  bricks.  Visitors  are  admitted  between  10  a.m.  and  2  p.m., 
and  shown  the  various  processes  of  assaying. 

Castle  Garden  is  at  the  extreme  southern  end  of  the  city,  in  the 
Battery  Park.  It  is  now  an  aquarium.  As  it  was  the  gateway  of 
America  to  hundreds  of  thousands  of  immigrants,  it  has  a  deep  in- 
terest for  all  citizens.  Of  the  10,000.000  foreigners  who  have  landed 
in  our  country  in  the  past  century,  the  majority  have  passed  through 
this  portal. 

Irish  and  Briton  and  Dutch  though  we  be, 
We  are  each  all  Yank  in  our  welcome  by  thee, 
Columbia. 

Entering  the  enclosure,  we  see  the  fine  old  brown-stone  ramparts 
of  Castle  Clinton,  with  its  walled-up  embrasures.  The  National  Gov- 
ernment built  this  fortress  in  1807,  and  gave  it  to  the  city  in  1823;  and 
here  were  held  the  great  popular  receptions  to  Andrew  Jackson 
(1832),  President  Tyler  ( 1843),  and  Lafayette  (1824).  In  later  days  it 
became  a  fashionable  opera-house,  where  the  grand  voices  of  Sontag, 
Mario  Parodi,  and  Jenny  Lind  were  heard.  In  1855  the  immigrant 
depot  was  established  here,  for  the  reception  of  incomers  from  Europe. 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


25 


ft  is  a  most  interesting  sight  when  a  steamship  load  of  Italian  or 
German  immigrants  debark  with  their  strange  baggage  and  appurte- 
nances at  the  Barge  Office. 

City  Hall,  in  the  City-hall  Park,  was  erected  in  1803,  in  what  was 
!:hen  the  outskirts  of  the  city.  It  is  of  white  marble,  built  in  the 
Italian  style ;  the  back  being  of  brown-stone,  as  the  authorities,  eighty 
years  ago,  fancied  that  the  town  would  never  grow  beyond  it.  The 
[governor's  room  contains  the  desk  on  which  Washington  wrote  his 
first  message  to  Congress,  the  chair  in  which  he  was  inaugurated, 
|many  historical  portraits,  and  other  objects  of  interest.  A  movement 
is  now  under  way  to  build  a  new  City  Hall. 

County  Court  House  is  on  Chambers  Street,  near  Broadway.  It  is. 
a  white  marble  building,  in  the  Corinthian  style,  chiefly  interesting  as 
being  the  most  costly  building  of  its  size  ever  erected.  It  was  built 
in  1869-70,  during  the  reign  of  William  M.  Tweed,  the  leader  of  the 
New- York  "ring,"  when  the  city-debt  increased  nearly  $50,000,000. 
Most  of  this  amount  was  alleged  to  have  been  expended  on  this  build- 
ing. But  the  lion's  share  of  it  came  back  in  the  form  of  "  rebates  "  and 
f  commissions  "  to  the  guileless  William  and  his  associates.  He  after- 
wards died  at  Blackwell's  Island.  The  Court  House  stands  in  the 
City-hall  Park. 

Custom  House,  on  Wall  Street,  at  the  corner  of  William  Street,  is 
a  large  and  sombre  pile  of  Quincy  granite.  The  portico  is  supported 
by  18  granite  columns  38  feet  high  and  4!  feet  in  diameter,  cut  in  one 
piece.  The  rotunda  is  a  beautiful  and  lofty  round  hall,  surrounded 
by  pilasters  of  variegated  marble.  The  Custom  House  cost  $1,800,000. 

East-River  Bridge,  or,  more  popularly,  the  "  Brooklyn  Bridge,"  spans 
the  East  River,  and  connects  the  cities  of  New  York  and  Brooklyn. 
The  length  of  the  bridge  is  5,989  feet,  and  it  is  89  feet  wide.  It  is 
suspended  from  four  steel-wire  cables,  each  16  inches  in  diameter. 
In  the  centre  is  an  elevated  promenade,  on  each  side  of  which  is  a. 
railroad-track  for  passenger-cars  propelled  by  a  stationary  engine,  and 
for  electric  cars.  Outside  of  the  railroad-track,  on  each  side,  are  the 
roadwavs  for  vehicles.    From  the  under  side  of  the  bridge,  in  the  cen-- 


26 


How  to  Knozv  New  York. 


tre,  to  the  water,  is  135  feet.  Ordinary  vessels  can  easily  pass  beneath. 
Very  large  sailing-vessels  have  to  lower  their  topmasts  to  go  under. 
The  fare  for  foot-passengers  has  been  abolished  and  the  promenade  is 
now  free.  The  single  fare  on  the  cars  is  3  cents,  or  ten  tickets  for  25 
cents.  Several  "  cranks  "  have  leaped  off  the  bridge  into  the  river, 
bent  on  suicide,  or  achieving  notoriety.  Up  to  the  present  time,  only 
one  has  been  killed,  the  others  having  unfortunately  survived.  The 
total  cost  of  the  bridge  was  $15,000,000.  It  is  a  notable  experience 
,0  walk  across  the  bridge  by  the  elevated  footway,  on  a  calm  and 
pleasant  day,  and  get  the  noble  panoramic  views  of  the  two  great 
cities,  and  the  thronged  river  and  harbor.  This  wonderful  pontifical 
work,  the  greatest  in  the  world,  was  built  between  1870  and  1883. 
15,000,000  persons  cross  the  bridge  annually.  The  piers  reach  a 
height  of  272  feet  above  high  tide,  and  rest  on  caissons  of  yellow 
pine,  iron,  and  concrete,  sunk  in  the  bed  of  the  river.  There  is  wire 
enough  used  in  the  cables  to  stretch  nearly  §  of  the  way  around  the 
world.  To  go  to  the  Bridge,  take  the  City-hall  train  on  the  Third- 
avenue  Elevated  Road. 

High  Bridge,  by  which  the  Croton  Aqueduct  is  carried  across  the 
Harlem  River,  at  175th  Street,  in  cast-iron  pipes  7^x8%  feet  in  size, 
is  a  very  picturesque  and  noble  stone  structure  of  13  arches,  over 
100  feet  above  the  river,  and  1,400  feet  long.  Half-a-mile  above  is 
the  new  and  magnificent  Washington  Bridge. 

Jefferson-Market  Court  and  Prison  is  a  picturesquely  irregular  pile 
at  the  corner  of  Sixth  Avenue  and  10th  Street,  of  brick  and  sandstone, 
in  Lombardo-Gothic  architecture.  At  one  corner  is  a  fine  round 
tower  of  graceful  and  effective  proportions. 

Ludlow-Street  Jail,  near  Essex  Market  and  Grand  Street,  is  a 
massive  brick  structure  for  debtors,  United-States  prisoners,  and 
derelict  militia-men.  Among  its  guests  have  been  Tweed,  Connolly, 
Fish,  Ward,  and  other  notorious  politicians  and  financiers  of  New 
York. 

Navy  Yard. — Wallabout  Bay,  Brooklyn.    (Cross  Fulton  Ferry,  and 

take  street-cars.)  The  principal  naval  station  of  the  country,  and  of 
interest  as  illustrating  the  progress  of  the  American  navy.  Here, 


How  to  Knoiv  New  York. 


27 


during  the  Spanish  War,  were  stationed  at  different  times  many  of 
the  officers  and  men  of  the  Naval  Reserve.  Every  day  saw  a  vessel 
of  small  or  large  capacity  come  in  to  be  repaired  and  refitted.  Here, 
too,  Captain  Eulate,  of  the  "  Vizcaya,"  paid  his  respects  to  the  resi- 
dent admiral.  The  yard  contains  an  enormous  stone  dry-dock  (built 
at  a  cost  of  $2,000,000),  a  museum,  and  a  library.  The  great  Marine 
Barracks  and  Marine  Hospital  are  worthy  of  notice  ;  and  also  the 
parks  of  artillery,  including  many  trophy-guns,  captured  in  battle, 
from  Mexican  and  other  foes.  In  the  British  prison-ships  moored 
n  YYallabout  Bay,  11,500  Americans  died  during  the  Revolutionary 
war.    They  are  buried  near  by. 

Post-Office,  at  the  junction  of  Broadway  and  Park  Row,  is  an  im- 
mense triangular  building  of  Dix-Island  (Maine)  granite,  which  cost 
nearly  $7,000,000,  and  was  finished  in  1875.  Over  600,000,000  letters, 
newspapers,  etc.,  are  handled  here  annually.  The  office  yields  a 
profit,  annually,  of  more  than  $3,000,000,  and  is  the  largest  in  the 
United  States. 

Register's  Office,  just  east  of  the  City  Hall,  was  the  British  provost 
prison  during  the  Revolutionary  war,  where  many  patriots  were  con 
fined. 

State  Arsenal  is  a  gray-stone  building  with  turrets,  at  Seventh 
Avenue  and  35th  Street,  the  headquarters  of  the  State  Ordnance  and 
Quartermaster's  Departments,  and  a  militia  brigade. 

Sub-Treasury,  at  the  corner  of  Wall  and  Nassau  Streets,  a  noble 
Doric  building  of  white  granite,  covers  the  spot  where  Washington  was 
inaugurated  President.  Here  the  City  Hall  was  built,  in  1700,  with 
the  cage,  whipping-post,  pillory,  and  stocks  in  front.  The  first  United- 
States  Congress  under  the  Constitution  met  here,  when  it  was  named 
Federal  Hall;  and  for  some  years  it  was  the  State  Capitol.  The 
present  building  was  erected  and  long  used  for  the  Custom  House. 
On  its  roof  four  pieces  of  light  artillery  are  kept,  and  rifle-men  guard 
the  premises  at  night.  It  contains  vaults  for  the  storage  of  gold  and 
silver  coin,  notes,  etc.  On  the  granite  steps  in  front  stancls  a  colossal 
bronze  statue  of  Washington,  by  J.  Q.  A.  Ward.  The  pedestal  con- 
tains the  stone  on  which  Washington  stood  when  he  took  the  oath  of 


28 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


office  in  April,  1789.  There  is  an  impressive  classic  portico  facing 
Broad  Street. 

Tombs,  the  popular  name  given  to  the  city  prison,  occupies  the  block 
bounded  by  Centre,  Elm,  Leonard,  and  Franklin  Streets,  and  is  a  large 
and  gloomy  granite  building  in  the  pure  Egyptian  style.  Visitors  are 
admitted  on  application  at  the  office  of  the  Commissioners  of  Charity 
and  Corrections,  corner  of  Third  Avenue  and  nth  Street.  Some- 
times more  than  five  hundied  prisoners  are  incarcerated  within  these 
frowning  walls, — murderers,  incendiaries,  burglars,  thieves,  and  all 
their  horrid  crew.  The  murderers'  cells  are  of  especial  strength. 
The  building  dates  from  1838,  and  holds  prisoners  awaiting  trial,  and 
convicts  waiting  to  be  executed,  or  sent  to  the  State  prison.  .  The 
Tombs  Police  Court  is  held  here.  On  this  site  in  ancient  times 
rippled  the  blue  waters  of  a  pretty  lake,  around  which  the  Indians 
built  their  wigwams.  The  Dutch  found  their  mounds  of  shells  here, 
and  named  the  place  Kalk-Hook,  or  Lime-shell  Point,  which  degen- 
erated into  "  The  Collect."  It  was  near  the  pond  on  this  site,  in  the 
year  1626,  that  three  of  Minuit's  farm-hands  murdered  a  Weckquaes- 
geek  Indian,  who  was  bringing  his  furs  down  to  sell.  His  young 
nephew  escaped,  and  afterwards  led  the  Indians  in  disastrous  and 
vengeful  forays  on  the  colony.  Knox's  American  infantry  marched 
in  to  the  Fresh-water  Pond,  and  sat  here  in  the  long  grass,  while  the 
British  army  was  embarking  from  New  York,  in  1783.  Here,  in 
1796,  occurred  the  first  trial  of  a  steamboat  with  a  screw-propeller, 
John  Fitch's  invention. 

The  Tombs  is  now  in  process  of  reconstruction.  A  new  and  more 
imodern^edifLce  of  eight  stories  will  replace  the  old  building. 


How  to  Know  New  York, 


29. 


PARKS  AND  SQUARES. 

Central  Park,  the  most  beautiful  and  popular  public  domain  in  Amer- 
ica, only  thirty  years  ago  was  a  dreary  region  of  swamps,  thickets,  and 
ledges,  disfigured  with  heaps  of  cinders  and  rubbish,  and  dotted  with 
the  squalid  shanties  of  degraded  squatters.  Since  then  a  paradise 
has  been  created  here,  by  an  outlay  of  upwards  of  $15,000,000.  Wind- 
ing lakelets  and  velvet  lawns  have  succeeded  the  gloomy  swamps, 
splendid  driveways  curve  around  the  picturesque  rocky  knolls,  foot- 
paths meander  through  the  groves  and  thickets,  and  fine  architecture - 
and  monuments  of  art  are  seen  on  every  side.  The  Park  extends  from 
59th  Street  to  110th  Street  (over  2\  miles),  and  from  Fifth  Avenue  to- 
Eighth  Avenue  (over  \  mile),  covering  862  acres,  of  which  185  are  in 
lakes  and  reservoirs,  and  400  in  forests,  wherein  over  half  a  million 
trees  and  shrubs  have  been  planted.  There  are  9  miles  of  roads, 
of  bridle-paths,  and  28J  of  walks.  The  landscape  architects  of  the 
Park  were  Frederick  Law  Olmsted  and  Calvert  Vaux.  Upwards  of 
12,000,000  people  visit  the  Park  every  year,  half  of  them  on  foot. 

The  best  way  to  get  a  general  idea  of  this  great  pleasure-ground  is 
to  take  one  of  the  large  public  park-carriages,  at  the  entrances  on 
Fifth  Avenue  and  Eighth  Avenue.  The  fare  to  Mount  St.  Vincent,  in 
the  northern  part,  and  return,  is  twenty-five  cents. 

In  the  south-west  part  of  the  Park  is  the  Ball-Ground,  —  a  ten-acre 
lawn,  where  the  boys  may  play  cricket,  base-ball,  or  tennis ;  and  adjoin- 
ing it  on  the  north-east  is  the  Carrousel,  for  young  children,  with  swings- 
and  other  means  of  amusement.  Close  by  is  the  Dairy,  affording  milk 
and  light  food  for  the  little  ones.  Beyond  is  the  Green,  or  Common, 
a  lawn  of  16  acres,  made  picturesque  by  grazing  sheep,  and  thrown 
open  to  the  people  on  Saturday.  In  the  south-east  part  is  the  Mena- 
gerie, around  the  old  castellated  Arsenal  building,  and  with  manyvcages- 
for  animals,  birds,  a  house  full  of  monkeys  of  various  kinds,  bear-pits, 
with  amiable  appearing  ursine  dwellers,  and  many  other  wild  creatures,. 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


31 


whose  movements  are  watched  by  thousands  of  visitors  daily.  In 
winter,  when  several  circuses  board  their  animals  here,  the  resident 
population  is  augmented  by  sundry  lions,  tigers,  bisons,  leopards, 
camels,  hippopotami,  and  other  rare  and  interesting  sojourners. 

The  Mall  is  the  chief  promenade,  nearly  a  quarter  of  a  mile  long, 
and  208  feet  wide,  bordered  by  double  rows  of  American  elms,  with 
the  Green  on  one  side,  and  a  bold,  rocky  ridge  on  the  other.  Here  are 
the  statues  of  Scott,  Shakspeare,  Burns,  Fitz-Greene  Halleck,  the 
colossal  Beethoven  bust,  and  other  artistic  memorials.  Beyond  the 
Music  Pavilion,  where  band-music  is  given  on  pleasant  Saturday 
afternoons,  is  the  Terrace,  a  sumptuous  pile  of  light  Albert-freestone 
masonry,  with  arcades  and  corridors,  and  rich  carvings  of  birds  and 
air.mals.  Below  is  the  Lower  Terrace,  an  ornamental  esplanade,  in 
which  stands  the  famous  Bethesda  Fountain,  designed  by  Emma 
Stebbins,  and  made  at  Munich,  and  representing  a  lily-bearing  angel, 
descending,  and  blessing  the  outflowing  waters.  Close  by  extends 
the  Lake,  20  acres  of  winding  water,  devoted  to  public  pleasure-boats 
in  summer,  and  skating  in  winter.  This  part  of  the  Park  is  reached 
direct  from  the  72d-street  Station  of  the  Third-avenue  or  Sixth-avenue 
Elevated  railroads.  Beyond  the  Lake  is  the  Ramble,  a  delightful 
labyrinth  of  footpaths  amid  thickets,  rocks,  and  streams.  Farther  on 
rises  the  Belvedere,  a  tall  Norman  tower  of  stone,  overlooking  the 
Park  and  the  suburbs  of  New  York,  the  Palisades,  Long  Island, 
Orange  Mountain,  and  Westchester  County.  Next  come  the  great 
reservoirs  of  Croton  water,  vast  granite-walled  structures  containing 
1,200,000  gallons  of  water.  The  American  Museum  of  Natural  His- 
tory is  on  the  left,  on  Manhattan  Square,  a  kind  of  annex  to  the  Park, 
between  77th  and  8iSt  Streets  and  Eighth  and  Ninth  Avenues.  The 
Metropolitan  Museum  of  Art  (see  chapter  on  Art  Galleries)  is 
on  the  right,  near  82d  Street. 

Beyond  the  reservoirs  extend  the  North  Park,  with  the  carriage* 
concourse  on  Great  Hill;  the  North  Meadow,  of  19  acres;  Harlem 
Meer,  covering  12-J  acres,  and  overlooked  by  ancient  fortifications; 
and  the  deep  ravine  of  M'Gowan's  Pass,  from  which  Leslie's  British 
light-infantry  drove  the  Continental  troops,  in  September,  1776.  Just 


32 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


beyond,  on  the  plains  of  Harlem,  the  Maryland  line  came  to  the  rescue 
of  the  retreating  Virginians  and  Connecticut  Rangers,  and  drove  the 
British  back,  with  heavy  losses. 

Riverside  Park  occupies  the  high  bank  of  the  Hudson,  from  72d  to 
130th  Street,  3  miles  long,  and  averaging  500  feet  wide,  with  178  acres 
of  land,  much  of  which  has  been  improved  by  landscape  gardening. 
A  magnificent  driveway,  cut  into  four  broad  sections  by  curving  ribbons 
of  lawns  and  trees,  sweeps  over  the  hills  and  along  the  edge  of  the 
bluff,  affording  very  charming  views  of  the  Hudson  River,  Weehawken, 
Guttenberg,  Edgewater,  the  Palisades,  and  upper  Manhattan.  On 
a  noble  elevation  at  the  north  end  of  the  Park  is  the  white 
mausoleum  in  which  General  Grant  is  buried.  It  is  much  visited  by 
strangers.  Over  the  door  is  carved  his  famous  request:  "Let  Us 
Have  Peace  !  "  In  the  crypt  is  a  space  reserved  for  the  grave  of  Mrs. 
Grant.  Near  the  tomb  is  the  old  Claremont  mansion.  People 
who  want  to  see  Grant's  tomb  only,  can  go  up  on  the  Sixth-avenue 
Elevated  to  125th  Street,  and  thence  go  west  on  I22d  Street  and 
Riverside  Avenue.  Those  who  wish  to  ride  through  the  whole  park, 
wTith  its  lovely  views  of  Weehawken  and  beyond,  can  take  park- 
coaches  (twenty-five  cents)  from  the  Elevated  station  at  Ninth  Avenue 
and  72d  Street.  Around  this  wonderfully  beautiful  strip  of  park  it 
is  said  will  be  the  patrician  residence-quarter  of  the  New  York  of 
the  twentieth  century. 

Among  the  other  public  grounds  of  the  great  metropolis,  we  may 
mention  a  few  of  the  most  important. 

Battery  (the)  is  the  oldest  park  in  the  city.  It  covers  21  acres  at 
the  seaward  end  of  the  island,  with  trees,  lawns,  and  walks,  and  a  fine 
promenade  around  the  sea-wall.  Here  stood  the  Battery  erected  by 
the  Dutch  founders  of  the  city;  and  in  later  days,  the  aristocrats 
houses  of  the  city  fronted  on  its  lawns.  Sir  Guy  Carleton's  British 
army  embarked  here  on  Nov.  25,  1783,  a  date  still  celebrated  as 
Evacuation  Day.  On  one  side  is  Castle  Garden,  and  on  another 
the  United-States  Revenue  Barge-Office.  Here  the  Elevated  Railways 
terminate.    There  are  beautiful  harbor-views  from  the  sea-wall.  In 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


July,  1776,  the  British  frigates  "  Rose  "  and  "  Phoenix,"  with  their  decks 
protected  by  sand-bags,  ran  by  the  roaring  Battery  and  up  the  Hudson, 
firing  broadsides  on  to  the  town. 

Bowling  Green,  at  the  foot  of  Broadway,  is  a  little  oval  park,  with 
a  weary  fountain  in  its  centre,  and  surrounded  by  ocean-steamship 
offices,  foreign  consulates,  etc.,  and  the  great  Produce  Exchange, 
Washington  Building,  and  Standard  Oil  Company's  Building.  On 
the  site  of  the  Washington  Building  (Cyrus  W.  Field's),  in  1760, 
Archibald  Kennedy,  the  collector  of  the  port,  built  a  large  house, 
which  afterwards  became  the  headquarters  of  Lords  Cornwallis  and 
Howe,  and  Sir  Henry  Clinton  and  George  Washington.  Here  also 
Talleyrand  made  his  home.  No.  3  Broadway  was  Benedict  Arnold's 
dwelling.  At  No.  11,  on  the  site  of  Burgomaster  Kruger's  Dutch 
tavern,  was  Gen.  Gage's  headquarters,  in  the  old  King's-Arms  Inn. 
The  Green  was  a  treaty-ground  with  the  Indians,  the  parade  for  the 
Dutch  train-bands,  and  a  cattle-market.  In  1732  it  was  enclosed  "for 
the  beauty  and  ornament  of  said  street,  as  well  as  for  the  delight  of 
the  inhabitants  of  this  city."  The  present  iron  fence  dates  from  1770, 
and  was  formerly  capped  with  round  balls,  which  were  knocked  off, 
and  used  as  cannon-balls  by  our  artillery  in  the  Revolution.  In  1626, 
soon  after  Peter  Minuit,  first  governor  of  New  Netherlands,  had  ar- 
rived in  the  ship  "  Sea  Mew,"  and  bought  the  island  of  Manhattan 
from  the  natives  for  $26,  he  built  here  Fort  Amsterdam,  a  blockhouse 
surrounded  by  a  cedar  palisade.  Seven  years  later  it  was  enlarged 
by  Wouter  Van  Twiller,  and  garrisoned  by  one  hundred  and  four 
rotund  Dutch  soldiers.  This  site  is  now  occupied  by  the  block  of  six 
old-fashioned  brick  buildings  south  of  the  square.  On  the  site  of  the 
Produce  Exchange,  in  1633,  Wouter  Van  Twiller  built  the  first 
church  on  Manhattan,  and  a  house  for  his  good  Dutch  dominie. 
On  the  site  of  the  fort,  a  stately  lonic-porticoed  mansion  was  built  in 
1790,  for  the  Presidential  palace,  and  became  the  official  residence  of 
Gov.  George  Clinton  and  John  Jay.  In  181 5  it  was  replaced  by  the 
Bowling-Green  Block.  No.  39  Broadway  was  the  site  of  the  first 
European  dwelling  on  Manhattan,  built  in  1612  by  Hendrick  Chris- 
tiaensen,  the  agent  of  the  Dutch  fur-trading  company,  who  raised  here 


Hoiv  to  Know  New  York. 


35 


(i  foiir  small  houses  and  a  redoubt,  the  foundation  of  the  present  great 
I  city.  Christiaensen  was  killed  by  an  Indian  afterwards,  this  being 
I  the  first  murder  on  record  in  the  province.  In  July,  1776,  to  celebrate 
J  I the  Declaration  of  Independence,  the  people  came  down  here  in  vast 
I  (crowds,  and  knocked  over  the  equestrian  statue  of  George  III.,  which 
i  was  melted  into  bullets  to  assimilate  with  the  brains  of  the  adver- 
sary. The  great  fire  of  1776,  which  destroyed  the  greater  part  of 
New  York,  began  near  Whitehall  Slip,  and  swept  over  the  city  on  a 
strong  south  wind,  while  the  angry  British  garrison  bayonetted  many 
of  the  citizens,  and  threw  others,  screeching,  into  the  sea  of  flame. 
Chancellor  Livingston  lived  on  lower  Broadway,  in  a  house  hung  with 
Gobelin  tapestry  and  rare  paintings,  with  a  $30,000  dinner-service  of 
solid  silver,  and  a  rural  palace  at  Clermont,  up  the  Hudson. 


Hanover  Square  is  at  the  corner  of  Pearl  and  William  Streets,  with 
an  elevated-railroad  station,  and  is  now  the  centre  of  the  wholesale 
cotton-trade  in  America.  On  one  side  is  the  old  Cotton  Exchange, 
and  on  another  side  is  the  imposing  new  Cotton  Exchange.  Here- 
abouts, a  century  or  more  ago,  were  the  mansions  of  the  Beekmans, 
Hamersleys,  Gouverneurs,  Hoffmans,  and  Van  Homes.  And  here 
Admiral  Digby  entertained  Prince  William  Henry,  afterwards  Wil- 
liam IV.  of  England.  About  Hanover  Square,  in  1800,  dwelt  a  com- 
munity of  French  emigres,  —  De  Neuville,  La  Rue,  De  Riviere,  and 
others ;  and  the  famous  Gen.  Moreau,  sometime  commander  of  the 
Army  of  the  Rhine  and  Moselle,  banished  by  Napoleon,  who,  after 
dwelling  here  for  seven  years,  joined  the  Allied  armies  in  Europe, 
and  was  killed  at  the  battle  of  Dresden  by  a  cannon-shot,  aimed  by 
Napoleon  himself. 

Jeannette  Park,  near  Hanover  Square,  has  recently  been  made  by 
Slling  up  the  ancient  Coenties  Slip. 

Chatham  Square,  at  the  intersection  of  Chatham  Street,  East  Brcacf- 
way,  and  the  Bowery,  is  the  concurrent  point  of  several  elevated  and 
horse  railways,  and  one  Of  the  most  crowded  and  busy  localities  in  this 
roaring  metropolis.  A  hundred  years  ago,  the  marshes  hereabouts 
were  so  pestilent,  that  their  owner,  Rutgers,  declared  "  the  inhabitants 
lose  one-third  of  their  time  bv  sickness," 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


City-Hall  Park  covers  about  8  acres,  partly  bounded  by  resounding  A 
Broadway,  and  the  newspaper-abounding  Park  Row,  and  contains  > 
the  City  Hall,  Court  House,  and  other  well-worn  public  buildings.  Ai 
Here,  also,  fronts  the  United-States  Post-Office,  a  mountain  of  granite.  1 
Before  the  Revolution,  it  was  an  open  field,  in  the  country,  where  the 
people  used  to  assemble  for  great  popular  demonstrations. 

Franklin  Square,  five  minutes'  walk  east  of  City-hall  Square,  down 
Frankfort  Street,  used  to  be  a  hillock  between  the  Swamp  and  the  East  l 
River.  It  has  the  Brooklyn  Bridge  on  one  side,  and  the  great  Harper's  D 
publishing-house  on  another,  and  is  roofed  over  by  the  Elevated-rail-  fl 
way  trestles.  At  Cherry  Street  and  Franklin  Square,  Walter  Frank- 
Jin,  the  great  Russian  merchant,  built  a  palace,  which  became  the  a 
Presidential  mansion,  where  Washington  held  his  court,  and  gave  g 
his  brilliant  receptions.  |, 

Printing-House  Square,  just  east  of  the  City  Hall,  contains  most  of  c 
the  great  newspaper  offices,  the  "  Tribune,"  "  Times,"  "  Sun,"  "  World,"  j 
"  News,"  "  Journal,"  and  many  others,  with  scores  of  famous  and  s 
widely  influential  weekly  papers.     Here  the  great  presses  thunder  on,  ( 
night  and  day,  printing  their  varied  editions  ;  reporters  flit  to  and 
fro  with  14  copy;"  and  the  wonderful  New- York  newspapers  are  ] 
made  up,  with  ail  their  teeming  freightage  of  battle  and  murder  and  , 
sudden  death,  lectures,  political  leaders,  and  the  annals  of  the  pass- 
ing day.    The  most  picturesque  and  brilliant  of  these  great  metropol- 
itan journals  is  "  The  World,"  with  its  army  of  able  writers,  and  its 
colossal  editions,  consuming  this  year  over  a  million  dollars'  worth  of 
paper  alone. 

Union  Square  is  a  park  of  2i  acres,  with  fountains,  trees,  statues  of 
Lincoln  and  Washington,  electric  lights,  and  other  bravery,  between 
14th  and  17th  Streets  and  Broadway  and  Fourth  Avenue.  All 
around  are  hotels,  restaurants,  theatres,  shops,  and  offices,  the  centre 
of  an  ever  busy  and  picturesque  life.  Its  northern  part  is  an  open 
plaza  for  parades,  with  a  platform  for  speakers  or  reviewing-officers. 

Washington  Square  covers  9  acres,  at  the  lower  end  of  Fifth  Avenue, 
between  Waverley  Place  and  4th  Street.    (See  page  96.) 

Madison  Square  covers  6  acres,  between  Broadway  and  Madison 


How-to  Know  New  York.  37 

I  Avenue  and  23d  and  26th  Streets,  and  has  lawns  and  trees,  statues  of 
I  Seward  and  Farragut,  including-  the  recently  erected  Dewey  Arch. 
Around  it  are  stores,  huge  hotels,  restaurants,  and  famous  club-houses. 
It  is  the  central  point  of  the  life  and  splendor  of  upper  New  York. 

Gramercy  Park,  acres,  between  20th  and  21st  Streets  and  Third 
and  Fourth  Avenues,  a  part  of  the  old  Gramercy  farm,  is  a  private 
plaisaunce,  around  which  are  the  homes  of  many  old  families, — John 
Bigelow  (Xo.  21),  the  late  Cyrus  W.  Field  (123  East  21st  Street), 
David  Dudley  Field  (64  Park  Avenue),  Max  Strakosch,  and  others. 
Flere  was  the  palatial  home  of  the  late  Samuel  J.  Tilden  (No.  15). 

Stuyvesant  Square,  on  a  part  of  the  old  Stuyvesant  farm,  covers  4 
acres,  between  East  15th  and  17th  Streets,  with  the  tall  twin  spires  of 
St.  George's  overlooking  it.  In  this  vicinity  dwelt  Hamilton  Fish 
(ex-Secretary  of  State),  Sidney  Webster,  Jackson  S.  Schultz,  Russell 
Sturgis,  Richard  H.  Stoddard  (the  poet),  William  H.  Schieffelin,  the 
Rutherfords,  the  Stuyvesants,  and  other  well-known  persons.  The 
square  has  rich  and  luxuriant  foliage  and  lawns,  the  local  paradise  for 
the  dwellers  in  the  adjacent  crowded  tenement  region  of  the  east  side. 

Tompkins  Square  covers  ten  acres  of  lawns  and  greenery,  between 
East  7th  and  10th  Streets  and  Avenues  A  and  B,  surrounded  by  one 
of  the  most  overcrowded  tenement  regions  of  the  East  side. 

Bryant  Park  is  a  pleasant  open  space,  between  40th  Street  and  42c! 
Street,  and  Sixth  Avenue  and  the  Reservoir,  which  received  its 
present  nam*  in  1884,  in  honor  of  William  Cullen  Bryant.  On  this 
site  the  world-renowned  Crystal  Palace  stood  in  those  far-away  days 
before  the  war.    It  is  now  a  favorite  resort  of  West-side  children. 

Morningside  Park,  a  long-drawn  and  nearly  unimproved  public 
ground  of  47  acres,  extends  from  1 10th  Street  to  123d  Street,  near  Tenth 
Avenue,  and  has  a  costly  and  far-viewing  driveway.  It  lies  on  the 
east,  or  morning,  side  of  the  ridge  which  separates  Harlem  plains 
from  the  Riverside  Park  and  Hudson  River. 

Mount  Morn's  Square  surrounds  a  bold,  rocky  hill,  by  which  even 
the  lordly  Fifth  Avenue  is  stopped,  in  the  environs  of  Harlem.  It 
abounds  in  maples,  tulip-trees,  oaks,  etc.;  and  from  the  plaza  near 
the  fire-alarm  tower,  on  the  crest  of  the  hill,  a  broad  view  is  enjoyed. 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


39 


ART-GALLERIES. 

Metropolitan  Museum  of  Art,  recently  enlarged,  in  Central  Park, 
near  Fifth  Avenue  and  83d  Street.  25  cents  entrance  on  Mondays 
and  Fridays,  but  free  other  days,  including  Sundays.  A  great  col- 
lection of  Dutch  and  Flemish  pictures,  and  other  European  works 
of  art.  It  may  be  reached  by  Elevated  Railway  from  the  Grand 
Union  Hotel,  to  the  station  at  Third  Avenue  and  84th  Street,  or 
by  the  Madison-avenue  electric  cars.  The  first  movement  towards 
founding  the  Museum  was  made  in  1869,  and  for  some  years  its 
collections  were  kept  in  rented  buildings  down  town  (14th  Street). 
The  present  fireproof  brick  and  granite  modern-Gothic  building 
was  dedicated  in  1880,  by  the  President  of  the  United  States.  It 
is  233  by  224  feet  in  area  ;  and  new  structures  are  being  built-  in 
connection,  so  that  in  time  it  will  be  one  of  the  greatest  art-museums 
in  the  world.  Space  fails  to  tell  of  the  beauties  of  these  varied  and 
extensive  collections,  numbering  many  thousands  of  pieces.  Pamphlet 
catalogues  are  for  sale  at  the  door,  for  ten  cents  each,  one  for  the  Loan 
Collection  of  Paintings,  one  for  the  Old  Masters,  one  for  the  Cesnola 
Collection,  etc.  The  pleasure  of  a  visit  will  be  much  heightened  by 
their  aid.  A  long  rainy  day  can  be  profitably  and  charmingly  spent 
at  the  Museum.  In  the  West-entrance  Hall  are  many  fine  pieces  of 
statuary,  Beer's  Medallion  of  Michael  Angelo,  the  Apollo  Belvedere- 
Hiram  Powers's  "California,"  "George  Washington,"  "Alexander 
I.  of  Russia,"  Roncanelli's  "Rose  of  Sharon,"  Albano's  "Thief" 
from  Dante's  "  Inferno,"  Mozier's  "  Rizpah,"  Fischer's  "  Goethe," 
McDonald's  "Gen.  Hancock,"  Schwanthaler's  "Dancing  Girl,"  Maro- 
chetti's  "Washington,"  Houdon's  "Franklin,"  Conelly's  "Thetis;" 
and  many  fine  works  by  Barye,  Barbedienne,  Thorwaldsen,  Reinhart, 
Canova,  Launt  Thompson,  et  als.>  loaned  by  their  owners.  Here  also 
is  the  Poe  Memorial,  presented  to  the  Museum  by  the  actors  of  New 
York.  On  the  south-west  stairway  is  a  collection  of  43  water-colors  by 
William  T.  Richards,  of  New-England  coast  and  White-Mountain 


40 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


scenes.  The  great  hall  contains  many  pieces  of  the  famous  Cesnola 
collection,  from  Cyprus,  and  various  other  interesting  collections  of 
rare  objects  of  art.  In  the  galleries  are  the  collections  of  gold  jewellery 
and  Greek  and  Phoenician  glass  from  the  Cesnola  treasure-trove  ;  and 
also  the  Japanese,  Egyptian,  and  Oriental  porcelain  and  antiquities. 
Among  the  art-treasures  in  the  western  galleries  are  many  of  Kensett's 
exquisite  landscapes,  Gifford's  and  Durand's  masterpieces,  Frere's 
Oriental  scenes,  Couture's  "  Decadence  of  Rome,"  Maignan's  "  Out- 
rage at  Anagni,"  Madrazo's  portrait  of  Robert  L.  Stuart,  Bonnat's 
portrait  of  John  Tayler  Johnston,  Meyer  von  Bremen's  genre  pictures, 
Granet's  "Benedictines,"  Hellquist's  great  Swedish  historical  scene, 
Wylie's  "Death  of  a  Vendean  Chief,"  William  M.  Hunt's  "Boy  and 
Butterfly,"  Marr's  "  Mystery  of  Life  ; "  landscapes  by  Cropsey,  Inness, 
and  Breton  ;  Boughton's  famous  "Judgment  of  Wouter  Van  Twiller," 
Schreyer's  Arab  scenes,  and  many  other  noble  and  almost  priceless 
works  of  art.  The  East  Gallery  is  devoted  to  pictures  by  the  old 
masters, —  Baroccio,  Albani,  Titian,  Correggio,  Tiarini,  Caravaggio, 
Tintoretto,  Tiepolo,  Sassoferrato,  Bordone,  Andrea  del  Sarto,  Ghir- 
landajo,  Rembrandt,  Rubens,  Jordaens,  Hals,  Van  Dyck,  Cuyp, 
Wouverman,  Ostade,  Teniers,  Terburg,  Breughel,  Ruysdael,  Steen, 
Velazquez,  Murillo,  Copley,  Stuart,  Trumbull,  Jarvis,  Etty,  Lely, 
Poussin.  Rubens's  "  Return  of  the  Holy  Family  from  Egypt "  was 
painted  on  wood  for  the  Jesuit  Church  at  Antwerp,  and  after  the 
suppression  of  the  Jesuits,  in  1777,  passed  to  London.  His  "  Lions 
Chasing  Deer  "  came  from  Cardinal  Fieschi's  collection.  Many  other 
pictures  in  this  remarkable  collection  have  romantic  histories,  extend- 
ing over  centuries.  Rosa  Bonheur's  "  Plorse  Fair,"  purchased  at  the 
Stewart  sale  for  fifty-nine  thousand  dollars,  has  just  been  presented 
by  Cornelius  Vanderbilt ;  and  the  magnificent  collection  of  paintings 
bequeathed  to  the  museum  by  the  late  Catherine  Wolf  has  recently 
been  added,  and  is  in  an  annex  building  erected  for  its  reception. 

Lenox  Library's  Picture-Gallery  (Fifth  Avenue  and  71st  Street; 
has  about  150  fine  paintings,  including  Munkacsy's  "Blind  Milton  die 
tating  Paradise  Lost  to  his  Daughters,"  Turner's  "  A  Scene  on  the 
French  Coast  "and  "  Fingal's  Cave,"  Horace  Vernet's  "  Siege  of  Sara- 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


4i 


gossa,"  Gainsborough's  "  A  Romantic  Woody  Landscape,"  Andrea  del 
Sarto's  "  Tobit  and  the  AngeL"  Delaroche's  "  The  Field  of  Battle,* 
Church's  "  Cotopaxi,"  Thomas  Cole's  "Expulsion  from  Paradise," 
Bierstadt's  "  Yo  Semite,"  Sir  Joshua  Reynolds's  portraits  of  Edmund 
Burke,  Kitty  Fisher,  and  Mrs.  Billington  ;  portraits  by  Leslie,  Stuart, 
Newton,  Trumbull,  Tnman,  Peale,  Copley,  Daniel  Huntington,  S.  F. 
B.  Morse,  Healy,  Pine,  and  others ;  and  original  paintings  of  dogs  by 
Landseer;  sheep  by  Verboeckhoven ;  landscapes  by  Mulready,  Con- 
stable, Kensett,  George  L.  Brown,  Durand,  and  Ruysdael ;  and  classi- 
cal subjects  by  Sir  David  Wilkie.  The  statuary  includes  Crawford's 
"Sleeping  Shepherd  Boy"  and  "Children  in  the  Wood,"  Rauch's 
**  Victory,"  Powers's  "  La  Penserosa,"  Ball's  "  Abraham  Lincoln,"  Sir 
John  Steele's  "  Sir  Walter  Scott,"  Trentanove's  "  Napoleon,"  etc. 

Society  of  American  Artists,  215  West  57th  Street,  organized  in  1877, 
gives  annual  spring  exhibitions. 

American  Water-Co/or  Society  rooms  are  at  53  East  23d  Street. 

Society  of  Decorative  Art  has  classes,  library,  and  sales-rooms  at  14 
East  34th  Street.  Its  members  are  women. 

National  Academy  of  Design,  at  23d  Street  and  Fourth  Avenue,  is  a 
study  in  dark-blue  stone  and  white  Westchester  marble  of  thirteenth- 
century  Gothic  architecture,  forming  a  peculiarly  lovely  and  artistic 
facade.  The  great  exhibition  galleries,  on  the  third  floor,  are  reached 
by  an  imposing  oak  and  marble  staircase ;  and  here  are  held  exhibitions 
of  paintings  for  two  months  every  spring.  The  carved  capitals  of  the 
columns  were  careful  studies  from  leaves  and  flowers.  The  anvil- 
wrought  iron-work  is  remarkable  for  its  finish  and  strength.  Notice 
the  beautiful  Gotrnc  entrance  and  drinking-fountain.  Thomas  W. 
Wood  is  president  of  the  National  Academy,  and  J.  C.  Beckwith  is 
secretary.  The  National  Academicians  (N.  A.)  are  chosen  annually 
from  the  Associates  (A.  N.  A.).  From  the  Grand  Union  Hotel \  take 
Madison-avenue  electric  cars  to  23d  Street.  The  new  home  of  the 
Academy  is  at  110th  Street  and  Amsterdam  Avenue. 

American  Art-Gallery  is  at  6  E.  23d  St.    Madison-ave.  cars  to  23d  St. 

New-York  Historical  Society,  170  Second  Avenue,  corner  of  East 
nth  Street,  has  in  its  gallery  1,000  pictures,  many  of  them  by  the  old 


GENERAL  GRANT'S  TOMB  (page  32). 


How  to  Know  New  York, 


43 


masters,  and  100  pieces  of  statuary.  This  magnificent  collec- 
tion, the  finest  in  America,  is  unfortunately  sealed  against  the 
public,  except  such  as  secure  an  introduction  from  members  of 
the  Society. 

Sarony's,  the  famous  photograph  gallery  at  37  Union  Square,  has 
a  rare  and  interesting  collection  of  weapons,  armor,  pictures,  statuary, 
and  other  bric-a-b7'ac ;  quite  worthy  of  a  visit. 

Art-rooms  and  Art-stores  are  numerous  ;  and  many  should  be  vis- 
ited, to  see  the  tine  modern  paintings,  etching*,  bronzes,  etc.  Knoed- 
ler's  (formerly  Goupil's',  355  Fifth  Avenue.  Avery's,  368  Fifth 
Avenue.  Schaus's,  Fifth  Avenue,  near  26th  Street.  Cottier's,  144 
Fifth  Avenue.  Sarony's,  256  Fifth  Avenue.  Keppel's  (rare  engrav- 
ings and  etchings),  20  E.  16th  Street.  Interesting  antiques  may  be 
seen  at  Feuardent's,  30  Lafayette  Place,  and  Sypher's,  246  Fifth 
Avenue. 

Private  Galleries  of  the  Vanderbilts,  Belmont,  Hilton,  and  Mar- 
quand  are  very  rich  in  fine  paintings,  but  may  not  be  visited  by 
strangers  unaccredited. 

Hoffman  House,  in  its  bar-room,  parlors,  and  rotunda,  has  several  of 
the  finest  and  costliest  art-works  in  America,  including  pictures  by 
Correggio  and  Bouguereau,  a  large  Gobelin  tapestry,  and  other 
pieces.    It  is  often  visited  by  ladies. 

Studios  of  artists  occupy  the  Sherwood  Building,  Sixth  Ave?iue  and 
57th  Street;  the  Studio  Building,  51  West  10th  Street,  between  Fifth 
and  Sixth  Avenues;  and  the  Fourth-avenue  Studio  Building,  Fourth' 
Avenue,  corner  of  25th  Street.  There  are  also  many  studios  in  the 
Young  Men's  Christian  Association  Building,  Fourth  Avenue  and  23d 
Street;  the  Studio  Building,  Broadway  and  28th  Street;  the  Rem- 
brandt, West  57th  Street,  near  Seventh  Avenue;  the  Holbein,  139-145 
West  55th  Street;  and  No.  108  West  55th  Street.  In  the  Sherwood 
are  the  studios  of  Bolton  Jones,  Deluce,  Fredericks,  Beckwith,  Gran- 
ville Perkins,  Curran,  etc.  In  the  Rembrandt  are  the  Giffords  and 
Sartain,  and  Junius  Henri  Browne,  the  literarian.  Many  of  the  artists 
have  regular  reception-days,  when  visitors  are  made  welcome. 


44 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


Art-School  of  Cooper  Union,  Third  Avenue  and  7th  Street. 
Art-School  of  National  Academy  of  Design,  Fourth  Ave.  and  23d  St. 
Art-Students'  League,  215  West  57th  Street,  under  C.  R.  Lamb's 
presidency. 

School  of  Industrial  Art,  for  women,  251  West  23d  St. 
Women's  Institute  of  Technical  Design,  159  West  23d  Street. 
Metropolitan  Museum  of  Art  Schools,  Central  Park,  opp.  E.  82d  St. 

THE  MILITIA. 

The  disciplined  militia  of  the  city  numbers  5,250  men,  in  eight  regi- 
ments of  infantry,  two  batteries  of  artillery,  one  troop  and  signal  corps. 
They  are  equipped  by  the  State  with  arms  and  other  munitions,  and 
partly  with  uniforms  ;  and  the  term  of  enlistment  is  five  years.  In 
winter,  there  are  continual  company-drills  :  and  in  summer,  several 
days  of  camp-duty  under  canvas,  at  the  State  camp-ground  near  Peeks- 
kill.  Besides  adding  an  element  of  military  splendor  to  the  sober 
burgher  life  of  the  city,  they  are  of  utmost  service  in  preserving  the 
public  peace  on  the  rare  occasions  when  riots  or  other  public  dis- 
turbances are  under  way,  and  the  police  need  behind  them  the  moral 
effect  of  long  lines  of  bayonets  and  loaded  rifles.  They  have  swept 
the  tumultuous  streets  with  deadly  volleys  more  than  once,  and  were 
equally  efficient  in  line  of  battle  before  Gen.  Lee's  ragged  but  heroic 
Southern  infantry. 

Seventh  Regiment  Armory  covers  the  entire  block  bounded  by 
66th  and  67th  Streets,  and  Fourth  and  Lexington  Avenues.  The 
main  drill-room  is  200  by  300  feet.  The  company  and  veterans'  rooms 
are  very  elegantly  furnished  ;  and  there  are  library,  reception,  and 
memorial  rooms  of  much  beauty.  The  building  is  open  to  visitors. 
Two  companies  drill  each  evening.  It  was  built  in  1879,  at  a  cost  of 
$300,000.    (Col.  Daniel  A.  Appleton.) 

Eighth  Regiment  Armory  is  at  Park  Avenue  and  94th  Street. 

Ninth  Regiment  Armory  is  at  125  West  14th  Street.  (Col.  William 
Seward.) 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


45 


Twelfth  Regiment  Armory  is  on  Ninth  Avenue,  from  6ist  Street 
Jo  62d  Street,  ponderous,  castellated,  with  heavily  grated  windows, 
iloopholed  towers,  and  a  high  castle-keep.  Within,  besides  m an v  com- 
pany-rooms, etc.,  is  an  enormous  drill-hall,  handsomely  equipped. 

Twenty-second  Regiment  Armory  is  a  spacious  and  attractive  struc- 
i  ture  on  Boulevard  and  67th  Street. 

Sixty-ninth  Regiment  Armory  is  over  Tompkins  Market,  on  Third 
j  Avenue,  between  6th  and  7th  Streets.  This  is  the  famous  Irish  regi- 
i  ment  that  did  such  noble  service  under  Col.  Corcoran  in  the  Seces- 
|  sion  war. 

Seventy-first  Regiment  Armory  is  at  Park  Avenue  and  34th  Street. 
One  of  its  quaintest  trophies  is  a  cannon,   "  captured  from  the 
1  Bowery  Boys"  in  the  famous  Dead-Rabbit  war,  in  1857.    This  was 
'  one  of  the  bravest  commands  in  the  Battle  of  Bull  Run. 


^he  Grand  Unisn  Hatel's  AccessibilitY- 

The  Hotel  is  just  across  the  street  from  the  Grand  Central 
Depot.  The  West  Shore  R.  R.  Depot  is  at  the  foot  of  42d  Street, 
from  whence  street  cars  run  direct  to  the  Hotel. 

The  Long  Island  R.  R.  Depot  is  at  the  foot  of  34th  Street, 
only  ten  minutes'  ride  from  the  Hotel  by  the  street  cars. 

EbEVATED  RAILROADS— The  3d  Avenue  Elevated 
Road  has  a  station  just  across  the  street.  The  6th  Avenue  Eievated 
Road  has  a  station  at  6th  Avenue  and  42d  Street,  three  blocks 
from  the  Hotel. 

Surface  Cars  going  in  every  direction  pass  the  Hotel  doors. 

The  5th  Avenue  Stages  are  but  two  blocks  away. 


IN  FACT,  THE  HOTEL  IS  IN  THE  VERY  CENTER  OF  THE  CITY. 


1 

J 

11 

h 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


47 


STATUES. 

The  objects  which  a  stranger  usually  wants  to  see  in  New  York 
first  are  the  Statue  of  Liberty  and  the  East-river  Bridge,  the  greatest 
works  of  their  kind  in  the  world. 

Statue  of  "Liberty  Enlightening  the  World"  stands  on  Bedioe's 
Island,  in  the  harbor.  It  is  a  majestic  female  figure  made  of  copper, 
151  feet  1  inch  high,  standing  on  a  pedestal  154  feet  10  inches  high, 
lit  was  modelled  by  Bartholdi,  a  French  sculptor,  and  was  presented 
by-  the  French  people  to  the  people  of  the  United  States.  In  the 
upraised  right  hand  is  a  torch,  lighted  by  electricity ;  and  in  the  left 
hand  is  the  Constitution.  The  copper  is  about  j  of  an  inch  thick. 
The  forefinger  is  8  feet  long  and  5  feet  in  circumference.  The 
finger-nail  is  14  inches  long  and  10  wide.  The  eyes  are  28  inches 
wide.  The  nose  is  nearly  4  feet  long.  The  head  is  14  feet  high. 
The  top  of  the  figure  is  higher  than  the  steeple  of  Trinity  Church. 
The  pedestal  was  built  by  popular  subscriptions  raised  almost  wholly 
through  the  efforts  of  the  New- York  World.  The  statue  and 
pedestal  cost  $1,000,000.  Bedloe's  Island  is  reached  from  the  Grand 
Union  Hotel  by  the  Third-avenue  Elevated  Road  to  the  Battery,  where 
a  small  steamboat  starts  every  hour  from  the  Barge  Office,  and  makes 
the  excursion  in  an  hour.  The  fare  for  the  round  trip  is  twenty-five 
cents.  Pleasant  views  are  afforded  of  the  inner  harbor,  the  Narrows, 
Governor's  Island  and  its  forts,  Staten  Island,  the  Brooklyn  Bridge, 
and  lower  New  York.  The  boat  usually  lies  at  the  island-wharf  long 
enough  for  one  to  walk  briskly  up  to  the  pedestal,  and  look  off  from 
its  upper  balustrade,  gaining  an  enchanting  view  over  the  lower  har- 
bor and  its  environing  cities.  Or  you  can  spend  a  full  hour  on  the 
island,  visiting  also  the  fortifications  and  barracks  of  the  United- 
States  Artillery,  and  return  on  the  next  boat.  The  statue  is  the 
Jargest  bronze  statue  in  the  world,  and  can  be  clearly  made  out  from 
the  Battery  and  many  distant  points.    It  faces  very  nobly  toward  the 


How  to  Know  New  York, 


Narrows,  the  route  from  Europe.  Inside  the  sea-wall  is  an  earth-  d 
work. 

Obelisk,  in  Central  Park,  was  erected  in  the  Temple  of  On,  in  a 
Egypt,  about  3,500  years  ago,  by  Thutmes  III.,  King  of  Egypt,  and 
conqueror  of  Central  Africa,  Palestine,  and  Mesopotamia,  with  hie-  e 
roglyphics  illustrating  his  campaigns  and  titles,  and  those  of  his 
descendant,  Rameses  II.    For  many  centuries  it  stood  before  the  \ 
Temple  of  the  Sun,  at  Heliopolis,  and  was  removed  during  the  reign 
of  Tiberius  to  Alexandria,  where  it  remained  until  1877,  when  the  I 
Khedive,  Ismail  Pasha,  presented  it  to  the  city  of  New  York.    It  n 
was  skilfully  transported  hither  by  Lieut.-Com.  Gorringe,  U.S.N., 
and  now  stands  on  the  knoll  near  the  Metropolitan  Museum  of  Art,  li 
in  Central  Park.    The  entire  cost  of  its  transportation  and  setting-up  ( 
was  borne  by  the  late  William  H.  Vanderbilt.    It  is  of  granite,  70  0 
feet  long,  and  weighs  200  tons.    This  noble  monument  was  made 
before  the  siege  of  Troy  or  the  foundation  of  Rome,  and  while  the 
Israelites  were  enslaved  in  Egypt. 

Beethoven,  erected  in  1884,  on  the  Mall  at  Central  Park.  A  colos- 
sal bronze  bust,  by  Baerer,  on  high  granite  pedestal.  Given  by  the 
Mannerchor,  a  German  singing  society. 

Bolivar,  the  Liberator  of  South  America,  has  a  bold  equestrian 
statue  in  Central  Park,  near  West  81st  Street,  dedicated  in  1884.  It 
was  given  to  the  American  people  by  the  Republic  of  Venezuela. 

Burns  stands  in  bronze,  on  the  Mall  at  Central  Park,  designed  by 
John  Steele,  and  presented  in  1880  by  the  Scottish  New-Yorkers. 

Columbus,  a  colossal  marble  statue  by  Emma  Stebbins,  is  tempo- 
rarily in  the  Arsenal  at  Central  Park.  It  was  given  to  the  city  by 
Marshall  O.  Roberts,  in  1869. 

Commerce,  an  allegorical  bronze  figure  of  heroic  size,  by  the 
French  sculptor,  Fosquet,  stands  near  the  south-west  entrance  of 
Central  Park.    Stephen  B.  Guion  gave  it  to  the  city,  in  1866. 

William  E.  Dodge,  the  late  eminent  merchant,  is  represented  by  k 
bronze  statue,  erected  by  the  merchants  of  New  York,  at  Broadway 
and  35th  Street. 

Admiral  Farragut  is  commemorated  by  a  noble  bronze  statue., 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


49 


designed  by  Augustus  St.  Gaudens,  on  Madison  Square.  The  pedes- 
tal curves  almost  into  a  semicircle,  and  has  marine  decorations.  The 
admiral  is  represented  as  on  the  deck  of  his  ship. 

Benjamin  Franklin,  a  bronze  statue  on  Printing-house  Square,  was 
erected  in  1867,  at  the  expense  of  Capt.  De  Groot. 

Fitz-Greene  Halleck,  the  poet,  has  a  bronze  seated  statue  on  the 
Mall,  Central  Park,  designed  by  Wilson  MacDonald,  erected  in  1877. 

Alexander  Hamilton's  Statue,  presented  by  his  son,  John  C.  Hamil- 
ton, in  1880,  is  in  Central  Park,  near  the  Museum  of  Art.  It  is  of 
white  Westerly  granite. 

Humboldt,  the  celebrated  German  traveller  and  scientist,  has  a  large 
bronze  bust  in  Central  Park,  near  the  south-east  corner,  presented  by 
German  New-Yorkers  in  1869.  It  was  designed  by  Professor  Blaiser 
of  Berlin. 

The  Indian  Hunter,  by  J.  Q.  A.  Ward,  stands  in  Central  Park,  near 
the  Mall.    It  is  of  bronze,  and  has  high  art-value. 

Lafayette,  a  bronze  statue  by  Bartholdi,  is  in  Union  Square.  It 
was  presented  by  French  New-Yorkers,  in  1876. 

Abraham  Lincoln,  a  bronze  statue  by  H.  K.  Browne,  was. erected  in 
1868,  in  Union  Square,  by  popular  subscription. 

Mazzini,  an  heroic  bronze  bust  of  the  Italian  liberator,  was  erected 
in  1878,  in  Ceniral  Park,  by  Italian  New-Yorkers. 

Professor  S.  F.  B.  Morse  has  a  bronze  statue,  erected  by  the  Tele- 
graph Operators'  Association  in  1871  in  Central  Park,  near  West  72d 
Street.    He  was  present  at  its  dedication,  but  died  the  next  year. 

The  Pilgrim,  a  picturesquely  posed  and  attired  heroic  bronze  statue, 
by  J.  Q.  A.  Ward,  was  presented  by  New-England  New-Yorkers,  and 
stands  in  Central  Park,  near  East  72d  Street. 

Schiller,  a  bronze  bust  in  the  Ramble  at  Central  Park,  was  given 
in  1859,  by  German  New-Yorkers. 

Sir  Walter  Scott,  a  bronze  copy  of  the  celebrated  statue  on  the 
Scott  monument,  at  Edinburgh,  is  on  the  mall,  Central  Park,  on  a 
pedestal  of  fine  Aberdeen  granite.  It  was  given  in  187 1  (the  one- 
hundredth  anniversary  of  Scott's  birth),  by  Scottish  New-Yorkers. 
The  poet  is  represented  seated  on  a  rock,  with  his  dog  at  hi*  feet 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


5r 


Seventh  Regiment  Monument,  a  bronze  statue  of  a  soldier,  by  J.  Q. 
\.  Ward,  is  in  Central  Park,  near  East  72d  Street.  It  commemorates 
i;he  soldiers  of  the  regiment  dead  in  the  Secession  war. 

William  H.  Seward,  Secretary  of  State  during  the  Secession  war, 
has  a  bronze  statue  by  Randolph  Rogers,  erected  in  1876,  in  Madison 
Square. 

Shakspeare,  a  bronze  statue,  by  J.  Q.  A.  Ward,  placed  on  the  Mall 
in  Central  Park  in  1872,  by  the  Shakspeare  Dramatic  Association. 

The  Still  Hunt,  by  Kemeys,  is  a  crouching  American  panther  on  a 
high  ledge  of  rocks  near  the  Obelisk,  in  Central  Park. 

George  Washington  is  commemorated  by  an  heroic  equestrian 
statue,  in  Union  Square.    It  was  designed  by  H.  K.  Browne. 

Washington  also  has  a  colossal  statue  by  J.  Q.  A.  Ward,  erected  in 
1883,  before  the  Sub-Treasury,  on  Wall  Street,  where  he  took  the  oath 
as  first  President,  in  1789. 

Washington  also  has  a  quaint  statue,  a  copy  of  that  by  Houdon, 
erected  by  the  school-children,  at  Riverside  Park. 

Daniel  Webster  has  an  heroic  bronze  statue,  given  by  Gordon  W. 
Burnham,  in  Central  Park,  near  West  72d  Street.  It  was  made  in 
Italy,  at  a  cost  of  $65,000,  and  stands  on  a  huge  block  of  granite. 

Gen.  Worth  is  commemorated  by  a  granite  obelisk  at  Broadway  and 
Fifth  Avenue  (Madison  Square),  erected  by  the  city. 

Thomas  Addis  Emmett,  in  St.  Paul's  Churchyard. 

Gen.  Richard  Montgomery,  in  the  Broadway  end  of  St.  Paul's. 

The  Martyrs'  Monument,  in  Trinity  Churchyard,  commemorating 
the  American  soldiers  who  died  in  British  prisons  during  the  Revolu- 
tion. 

Alexander  Hamilton 's,  Albert  Gallatin's,  Robert  Fulton's,  and  Capt. 
Lawrence's  (of  the  "Chesapeake"),  in  Trinity  Churchyard. 

Capt. -Gen.  Petrus  Stuyvesant's,  in  the  outer  wall  of  St.  Mark's 
Church. 

Horace  Greeley,  by  J  Q.  A.  Ward,  in  bronze,  sits  before  the 
Tribune  Office  in  his  editorial  chair. 

Garibaldi,  in  Washington  Square,  sculptured  by  Turini,  and  given 
by  the  Italian  residents. 


52 


Hozv  to  Know  New  York. 


EXCHANGES  AND  BOARDS  OF  TRADE. 

a 

There  are  a  number  of  these  in  New  York,  but  the  two  most  inter-  t 
esting  to  strangers  are  the  Stock  Exchange  and  Produce  Exchange.  a 

Stock  Exchange  is  on  Broad  Street,  near  Wall   Street.     The  \ 
stranger  should  not  fail  to  visit  the  gallery  of  the  Exchange  between  { 
the  hours  of  ten  and  three.    As  the  name  would  indicate,  the  business  g 
of  the  Exchange  is  the  purchase  and  sale  of  stocks,  bonds,  and  j 
securities.    The  manner  in  which  the  brokers  transact  business  is  ] 
most  amusing  and  extraordinary,  and,  to  the  uninitiated,  appears  to  . 
:onsist  of  incoherent  shouting  and  violent  gesticulation,  to  which  no  , 
one  seems  to  pay  the  least  attention.    When  the  market  is  active,  the  ( 
scene  is  as  though  pandemonium  had  broken  loose.    A  seat  in  the  Ex- 
change now  costs  twenty-five  or  thirty  thousand  dollars.    The  building 
is  of  white  marble,  and  the  great  hall  is  handsomely  frescoed.  The 
visitors'  gallery  is  entered  from  Wall  Street. 

Produce  Exchange  is,  perhaps,  the  most  imposing  and  impressive 
building  in  New  York.  It  is  at  the  foot  of  Broadway,  and  fronts  on 
Bowling  Green,  and  is  in  rich  Italian  Renaissance  architecture,  of  brick, 
with  a  copious  use  of  terra  cotta,  in  medallions,  the  arms  and  names 
of  the  States,  and  projecting  galley-prows.  Above  its  uppermost  long 
line  of  round  arches  rises  an  immense  campanile,  covering  40  by  70 
feet,  and  225  feet  high,  richly  decorated,  and  nobly  dominating  lower 
New  York  and  the  bay.  The  building  is  307  by  150  feet  in  area,  and 
116  feet  high;  and  the  main  hall  is  a  noble  one,  220  by  144  feet, 
and  60  feet  high.  From  the  visitors'  gallery  you  may  look  down  on  the 
3,000  members  of  the  Exchange  (organized  in  1861,  and  the  largest  in 
the  world),  and  see  and  hear  their  fierce  bargaining.  The  scene 
resembles  a  pitched  battle  between  walls,  and  without  cavalry.  Near 
the  gallery  are  the  sumptuous  library  and  reception  rooms.  Go  to  the 
superintendent  of  the  building,  and  get  a  pass  (without  charge)  to 
ascend  the  tower.    The  climb  is  made  luxuriously  by  elevator ;  and 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


53 


from  the  summit  you  see  a  magnificent  and  unrivalled  bird's-eye  view 
of  lower  New  York,  the  bay,  Staten  Island,  the  shores  and  blue  moun- 
tains of  New  Jersey,  Brooklyn,  and  Long  Island.  "Not  the  White 
Tower,  nor  the  Colonne  Napoleon,  nor  Bunker-hill  Monument,  offers 
any  thing  equal  to  the  urban,  rural,  and  marine  scenery  presented  to 
the  vision."  The  building  rests  on  15,437  piles  made  of  sturdy  Maine 
and  Nova  Scotia  trees.  It  was  planned  by  George  B.  Post,  and  erected 
between  1881  and  1884.  It  is  entirely  fireproof.  The  flag  flying 
from  its  tower  is  the  largest  ever  made,  covering  50  by  20  feet.  There 
are  nine  passenger  elevators.  The  money-vault  contains  1,300  safes, 
and  is  defended  by  seven  alternate  layers  of  iron  and  steel.  The 
Exchange  cost  $3,179,000.  "Harper's  Magazine  "  for  July,  1886,  has 
a  thirty-page  illustrated  article  describing  this  vast  institution.  From 
the  Grand  Uition  Hotel  take  the  Third-avenue  Elevated  Road,  and  get 
off  at  Hanover  Square,  and  go  through  Beaver  Street  to  the  Exchange. 

Mercantile  Exchange  has  a  new  brick  and  granite  building  at  Hud- 
son and  Harrison  Streets,  with  a  tall  tower.  There  are  800  members, 
dealing  in  butter,  cheese,  eggs,  and  groceries. 

Cotton  Exchange  has  a  new  and  imposing  seven-story  building  of 
yellow  brick  on  Hanover  Square,  south  of  Wall  Street.  It  cost 
$1,000,000. 

Coal  and  Iron  Exchange  is  a  vast  and  massive  building  at  the  corner 
of  Cortlandt  and  New  Church  Streets,  the  headquarters  for  dealings 
in  these  great  commodities. 

Consolidated  Petroleum  Exchange  and  Stock  Board,  at  62  Broad- 
way, is  oftentimes  the  scene  of  most  exciting  commercial  hostilities. 
It  has  a  membership  of  3,000,  and  is  about  to  erect  a  huge  new 
building. 

American  Horse  Exchange  is  at  Broadway  and  50th  Street. 
Building  Exchange  is  at  59  Liberty  Street. 

Coffee  Exchange  is  at  66  Beaver  Street.  It  has  over  300  members, 
and  sometimes  100,000  bags  of  coffee  are  sold  here  in  a  day. 

Grocers'  Exchange  is  at  Wall  and  Water  Streets.  Tea  and  sugar 
are  the  chief  commodities  sold. 

Maritime  Exchange  is  in  the  Produce-Exchange  building.  Opeo 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


55 


from  eight  to  five  (exchange-hours,  eleven  to  three).  Marine  and 
commercial  news,  reading-room,  library,  etc. 

Metal  Exchange  is  at  Pearl  Street  and  Burling  Slip. 

Real -Estate  Exchange  is  at  57  Liberty  Street. 

American  Exchange,  309  Greenwich  Street. 

Brewers'  Exchange,  Tog  East  15th  Street. 

Distillers'  Wine  and  Spirit  Exchange,  19  South  William  Street. 

Foreign-Fruit  Exchange,  78  Park  Place. 

Hardware  Board  of  Trade,  6  and  8  Warren  Street. 

Live-Stock  Exchange,  32  Pine  Street. 

Manhattan  Stock  Exchange,  69  New  Street. 

Mechanics'  and  Traders'  Exchange,  117  East  23d  Street. 

Milk  Exchange,  6  Harrison  Street. 

New-York  Naval  Store  and  Tobacco  Exchange,  178  Pearl  Street. 
New-York  Board  of  Trade  and  Transportation,  203  Broadway. 
New-York  Furniture  Board  of  Trade,  Bowery  and  150  Canal  Street. 
New-York  Petroleum  Exchange  and  Stock  Board,  18  Broadway. 
Stationers'  Board  of  Trade,  97  and  99  Nassau  Street. 
Sugar  Exchange,  87  Front  Street. 


56 


Hoiv  to  Know  New  York. 


MARKETS. 

Some  of  the  larger  maikets  are  worth  visiting.  The  following  art 
the  largest :  — 

Washington  Market,  bounded  by  Washington,  West,  Vesey,  and 
Fulton  Streets.  This  is  the  largest  of  the  markets,  and  the  principal 
centre  for  the  distribution  of  meats  and  vegetables  throughout  the 
city  and  country. 

Fulton  Market,  bounded  by  Fulton,  Beekman,  South,  and  Front 
Streets,  is  also  a  large  market,  always  containing  a  fine  display  of 
fish,  poultry,  etc. 

At  the  stands  of  Eugene  G.  Blackford,  during  the  first  few  days 
of  April,  there  is  always  a  large  display  of  trout  from  all  parts  of  the 
country,  and  at  any  time  of  the  year  the  visitor  may  find  a  beautiful 
exhibition  of  all  the  obtainable  varieties  of  marine  life. 

Fulton  Fish-Market,  opposite  Fulton  Market,  though  rather  slimy, 
and  always  pervaded  by  "  an  ancient  and  fish-like  smell,"  is  well  worth 
seeing.  Every  thing  edible  that  lives  in  salt  water  may  be  seen  here. 
Fish  is  a  cheap  and  good  food,  and  consequently  in  great  demand. 

The  other  large  markets  are:  — 

Catherine,  foot  of  Catherine  Street,  East  River. 

Central,  47th  Street  and  Broadway. 

Centre,  Centre  Street,  from  Grand  to  Broome. 

Clinton,  Spring,  Canal,  West,  and  Washington  Streets. 

Essex,  Grand  Street,  from  Ludlow  to  Essex. 

Jefferson,  Greenwich  and  Sixth  Avenues  and  West  10th  Street. 

West  Washington  Market,  West,  Little  12th,  Washington,  and 
Gansevoort  Streets. 

Tompkins,  Third  Avenue,  between  6th  and  7th  Streets. 

Union,  Houston  and  2d  Streets,  and  Avenue  D. 


Hozv  to  Knoiv  New  York, 


57 


COLLEGES  AND  SCHOOLS. 

The  city  has  300  free  public  schools,  where  nearly  4,000  teachers 
instruct  more  than  300,000  children,  at  an  annual  cost  of  almost 
$4,000,000.  Children  between  eight  and  fourteen  are  compelled  by 
law  to  go  to  school,  and  twelve  truant  officers  look  out  for  them. 
There  are  also  many  scores  of  private  and  parochial  schools  in  the 
city. 

Columbia  College  occupies  a  large  group  of  buildings  on  Morn- 
ingside  Heights.  It  was  founded  in  1754,  as  King's  College, 
and  largely  endowed  with  land,  by  Trinity  Church.  For  over 
a  century  its  buildings  were  down  town,  on  College  Place,  be- 
tween Barclay  and  Chambers  Streets.  In  1775  the  townspeople 
drove  out  the  second  president,  Rev.  Miles  Cooper,  an  Oxford 
graduate,  and  resembling  Dryden  in  face  ;  and  he  hid  in  Stuy- 
vesant's  house  until  he  could  take  ship  for  England.  The  col- 
lege was  popularly  regarded  as  a  nest  of  Tories,  and  remained 
closed  (its  buildings  serving  as  barracks  and  military  hospital) 
until  1784,  when  the  Legislature  rechristened  it  Columbia  College. 
It  is  now  called  Columbia  University.  Seth  Low,  President  of  the 
University,  the  Vanderbilt  family,  and  Edwin  Gould  are  among  a 
number  of  donors  of  large  sums  of  money  to  extend  and  beautify 
the  old  college  property.  There  is  a  School  of  Medicine,  a  School 
of  Law,  and  several  institutions  connected  with  the  LTniversity.  The 
great  Library  is  in  reality  a  collection  of  smaller  libraries.  It  con- 
tains more  than  240,000  volumes,  many  of  which  are  accessible  to 
the  general  reader  in  the  splendid  reference  rooms.  There  are 
special  collections  on  special  subjects,  besides  various  old  and  rare 
collections  made  in  Europe  and  elsewhere.  The  Law  School  library 
is  also  housed  in  the  new  library  building.  Some  of  the  other  build- 
ings are  :  Schermerhorn  Hall,  Fayerweather  Hall,  the  Engineering 
Building,   and  the   new  Gymnasium.     Among   its  professors  are 


How  to  Know  New  York.  59 


Henry  Drisler,  C.  F.  Chandler,  J.  S.  Newberry,  John  D.  Quack- 
enbos,  William  R.  Ware,  and  J.  Ordronaux.  Among  its  early  stud- 
ents were  John  Jay,  Alexander  Hamilton,  Robert  R.  Livingston, 
and  Gouverneur  Morris. 

The  woman's  department  now  contains  many  students.  The  an- 
cient building  with  old-fashioned  columned  portico,  in  the  centre  of  the 
college  group,  was  once  the  Deaf  and  Dumb  Asylum,  and  was  bought 
by  the  college  about  thirty  years  ago,  as  a  nucleus  for  its  new  estab- 
lishment. 

University  of  the  City  of  New  York  was  founded  in  1830,  and  has  65 
instructors  and  800  students.  The  classical  and  scientific  departments 
are  free,  and  occupy  (with  the  law  department)  a  handsome  Gothic 
building  on  Washington  Square.  The  medical  school  of  the  Univer- 
sity is  near  Bellevue  Hospital. 

College  of  the  City  of  New  York,  at  Lexington  Avenue  and  23d 
Street,  has  spacious  brick  buildings,  with  a  library  of  40,000  volumes. 
It  has  230  classical  students  and  330  scientific  students,  with  36  in- 
structors, and  is  free  to  New-York  lads.  It  was  founded  in  1847  as 
the  New-York  Free  Academy,  and  became  a  college  in  1866.  It  costs 
the  city  $140,000  a  year. 

College  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons,  connected  with  Columbia 
College,  was  founded  in  1807,  and  has  20  professors  and  over  600 
students.  It  was  formerly  at  Fourth  Avenue  and  23d  Street,  but  it 
now  occupies  the  splendid  new  quarters  provided  for  it  by  William 
H.  Vanderbilt,  who  in  1885  gave  it  $500,000,  which  was  increased  by 
$250,000  given  by  his  four  sons  to  establish  a  free  clinic  and  dispen- 
sary, and  $250,000  given  by  his  daughter,  Mrs.  William  D.  Sloane, 
to  establish  the  Sloane  Maternity  Hospital.  These  new  buildings  are 
near  Ninth  and  Tenth  Avenues,  and  59th  and  6cth  Streets,  close  by 
the  Roosevelt  Hospital  and  Central  Park. 

Bellevue-Hospital  Medical  College  was  founded  in  1861,  and  has 
400  students  and  a  high  reputation.  It  *s  on  the  grounds  of  Bellevue 
Hospital. 

General  Theological  Seminary  of  the  Protestant-Episcopal  Church 
occupies  the  block  between  Ninth  and  Tenth  Avenues,  and  20th  and 


6o 


How  to  Knozv  New  York. 


2ist  Streets.  It  was  founded  in  1819,  and  has  6  professors  and  100 
students,  a  three-years'  course,  a  library  of  20,000  volumes,  and  a 
group  of  picturesque  buildings.  It  occupies  the  site  of  the  Chelsea 
farm,  which  was  made  a  billet  for  Hessian  officers  in  1776.  It  after- 
wards belonged  to  Bishop  Moore,  and  his  son,  Clement  C.  Moore. 

Union  Theological  Seminary  of  the  Presbyterian  Church  was  founded 
in  1836,  and  occupies  a  group  of  handsome  new  buildings  on  Lenox 
Hill,  on  Park  Avenue,  between  69th  and  70th  Streets.  Its  library 
contains  50,000  volumes  and  as  many  pamphlets,  including  many  rare 
old  books  and  incunabula.  Among  its  professors  have  been  Edward 
Robinson,  W.  G.  T.  Shedd,  Henry  B.  Smith,  William  Adams,  Joel 
Parker,  Philip  Schaff,  and  R.  D.  Hitchcock  (now  its  president).  The 
property  of  the  Seminary  is  valued  at  $2,000,000.  The  buildings  along 
the  avenue  are  the  Morgan  Library,  the  tower-adorned  Adams  Chapel, 
and  Jessup  Hall.  Back  of  these  is  the  great  Dormitory.  The  Chal- 
daic,  Arabic,  and  Assyrian  languages  are  taught  here. 

Normal  College,  on  East  69th  Street,  near  Lexington  Avenue,  is  a 
conventual-looking  building  of  vast  extent,  with  thirty  recitation-rooms, 
lecture-halls,  libraries,  gymnasia,  etc.,  where  1,600  bright  New- York 
girls  are  thoroughly  educated,  and  prepared  to  be  school-teachers. 
The  building  cost  nearly  $500,000,  and  its  annual  expense  to  the  city 
is  $100,000. 

Christian  Brothers  have  nearly  a  score  of  great  schools  in  the  city, 
including  Manhattan  College,  at  Manhattanville  ;  the  Cathedral 
School,  in  50th  Street,  with  Soo  pupils  ;  the  Immaculate-Conception 
School,  in  East  14th  Street  ;  the  DeLa  Salle  Institute,  at  48  2d  Street ; 
and  the  new  Catholic  high-school,  established  in  the  old  Charlier 
Institute. 

College  of  Pharmacy,  at  115  West  68th  Street,  has  5  professors, 
300  students,  and  a  two-years'  course. 

United-States  Medical  College,  eclectic.    239  East  14th  Street. 

St  John*s  College,  Fordham,  Jesuit ;  200  students. 

St.  Francis  Xavier  College,  West  15th  Street,  near  5th  Avenue; 
Jesuit  ;  450  students. 

Academy  of  the  Sacred  Heart,  Manhattanville,  in  a  fine  wooded  park. 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


61 


overlooking  the  Hudson  River;  200  pupils.  Stone  buildings.  Two 
great  dormitories. 

Catholic  High  School.  —  Christian  Brothers.  In  the  old  Charlier- 
Institute  building,  near  Central  Park. 

Rutgers  Female  Institute,  58  West  55th  Street. 

Friends'  Seminary,  226  East  16th  Street. 

Riding  Academy,  8th  Avenue  and  59th  Street,  with  the  largest  ring 
in  the  world.  Also,  Dickel's,  56th  Street,  near  6th  Avenue ;  Antony's, 
5th  Avenue  and  85th  Street ;  Cohen's,  7th  Avenue  and  58th  Street. 


FERRIES. 


To 


Astoria  

Bay  Ridge  , 

Bedloe's  Island  

Brooklyn  (Main  St.)    .    .  . 

(Fulton  St.)  .  .  . 
(Atlantic  St.)    .  . 

"        (Hamilton  Ave.)  , 

u       (Montague  St.) 

"       E.D.  (Broadway) 
"    (Grand  St.) 

u  14  (Broadway) 

"    (Grand  St.) 

"  fct    (Broadway)  , 

College  Point  

Communipaw  

Fort  Lee  

Governor's  Island    .    .  . 

Greenpoint  

Hoboken  

Hoboken  (14th  St.)  .  .  . 
Hunter's  Point  .... 

Jersey  City  

Jersey  City  , 

Jersey  City   

Jersey  City  (Pavonia)  .  , 
Jersev  City  (Communipaw) 
Staten  Island 

Weehawken  


From 


92d  St.    E.  R  

Whitehall  St.    E.  R  

U.  S.  Barge  Office,  Battery    .    .  . 

Catherine  St.    E.  R  

Fulton  St.    E.  R  

Whitehall.    E.  R  

Whitehall.    E.  R  

Wall  St.    E.  R  

Roosevelt  St.    E.  R  

Houston  St.    E.  R  

Grand  St.    E.  R  

Grand  St.    E.  R  

East  23d  St.    E.  R  

East  99th  St.    E.  R  

Liberty  St.    N.  R  

129th  St.    N.  R  

The  Battery  

East  10th  and  East  22d  Sts.  E.  R. 
Barclay  and  Christopher  Sts.  N.R. 

West  14th  St.    N.  R  

James  Slip,  7th  and  34th  Sts.  E.  R. 

Desbrosses  St.    N.  R  

Cortlandt  St.    N.  R  

West  23d  St  

Chambers  or  23d  St.    N.  R.  .    .  . 

Liberty  St.    N.  R  

Whitehall.    N.  R  

West  42d  St.    N.  R  


BROADWAY  AT  THE  ASTOR  HOUSE,   LOOKING  NORTH 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


63 


LIBRARIES,  ETC. 

Free  Circulating  Library  is  intended  to  become  to  New  York  what 
che  Public  Library  is  to  Boston,  except  that  it  will  be  composed  of 
many  separate  collections,  in  different  parts  of  the  city.  Andrew 
Carnegie,  John  Jacob  Astor,  and  others  have  lately  given  considerable 
sums  for  this  purpose.  The  branches  now  in  operation  are  at  49  Bond 
Street  (13,000  volumes),  and  the  Ottendorfer  Library,  at  135  Second 
Avenue,  founded  by  Oswald  Ottendorfer  in  1884  (12,000  volumes,  half 
oi  them  German).  The  Bruce  Library  (endowed  by  Miss  Catherine 
W.  Bruce  as  a  memorial  cf  her  father)  was  erected  on  West  42d 
Street,  west  of  Seventh  Avenue,  adjoining  the  Baptist  Church.  An- 
other, on  Jackson  Square,  is  the  gift  of  Geo.  W.  Vanderbilt. 

Apprentices'  Library,  founded  in  1820,  and  still  conducted  by  the 
General  Society  of  Mechanics  and  Tradesmen,  is  at  18-24  Wesl 
44th  Street.  It  contains  84,000  volumes,  one-third  of  which  are 
stories.  It  is  free  to  all  without  restriction,  and  circulates  250,000 
volumes  a  year.    It  is  open  from  8  a.m.  to  9  p.m. 

Astor  Library,  on  Lafayette  Place,  is  a  handsome  brown-stone  Ro- 
manesque building,  200  feet  long,  containing  300,000  volumes,  and 
open  from  9  a.m.  to  5  p.m.  (4  in  winter).  Books  are  not  allowed  to 
go  out.  There  is  a  spacious  vestibule,  with  24  marble  busts;  and  of 
the  three  great  halls  above,  the  centre  one  is  for  catalogues  and  de- 
livery, and  the  others  for  general  reading.  Some  of  the  departments 
of  literature  are  more  complete  than  in  any  other  American  library, 
and  many  scholars  haunt  the  twilight  alcoves  while  making  books. 
John  Jacob  Astor  left  $400,000  to  found  the  library  withal,  in  1848  ; 
to  which  his  son,  William  B.  Astor,  added  $550,000;  and  his  grand- 
son, John  Jacob  Astor,  $300,000.  There  are  many  Greek  and  Latin 
MSS.,  black-letter  volumes,  and  Shakspeareana. 

Cooper  Union,  2l  huge  brown-stone  building  at  the  head  of  the  Bow- 
ery, covers  an  entire  square,  and  contains  free  libraries,  reading-rooms^ 


64 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


lecture-foundations,  evening  schools  of  design,  engraving,  science,  bof 
telegraphy,  etc.,  and  the  rooms  of  the  American  Geographical  Society.  I 
It  was  founded  by  Peter  Cooper,  a  wealthy  iron-founder  and  glue-  pr; 
manufacturer,  who  stated  his  ideas  thus :  "  The  duty  of  a  business  |( 
man  is  to  make  money  :  the  duty  of  a  Christian  is  to  spend  it."  He  pk 
erected  this  building,  in  1857,  at  a  cost  of  $630,000,  and  richly  en-  , 
dowed  the  group  of  free  schools  that  he  founded  here.  The  library  (j), 
contains  20,000  volumes.  •  0£r 

Mercantile  Library,  in  Clinton  Hall,  Astor  Place,  was  incorporated 
in  1866,  and  is  open  from  8  a.m.  to  9  p.m.    It  contains  210,000  vol-  ^ 
r.mes,  and  has  a  large  reading-room.    There  are  5,500  members,  who 
pay  $4  or  $5  each  per  year.    It  has  branches  at  426  Fifth  Avenue  and  ; 
120  Broadway.     A  fine  library  building  has  recently  replaced  old 
Clinton  Hall. 

Lenox  Library  is  a  noble  building  of  white  Lockport  limestone,  in 
modern  French  architecture,  fronting  on  Central  Park,  at  Fifth  Avenue  If, 
and  71st  Sireet,  192  by  114  feet  in  area,  fornrng  a  court-yard  between 
the  central  building,  its  advancing  wings,  and  a  ponderous  limestone  1, 
wall  with  iron  gates.    It  was  built  and  equipped,  at  a  cost  of 
000,000,  by  the  late  James  Lenox,  who  afterwards  richly  endowed  k 
it,  for  the  people.    Access  to  its  treasures  has  not  been  made  so 
easy  for  the  people,  and  there  have  been  ferocious  skits  in  the  news-  A 
papers  about  the  practical  exclusion  of  the  public,  and  as  a  result,  the  81 
library  is  now  open,  free,  to  the  public  from  11  A.M.  to  4  P.M.,  except  J 
Sunday  and  Monday.    From  the  Grand  Union  Hotel,  go  up  on  the  1 
Third-avenue   Elevated  Railroad  to  67th-street    Station.      In  the  t 
south  wing  is  the  library,  containing  precious  incunabula;  a  perfect 
Mazarin  Bible,  printed  by  Gutenberg  and  Faust,  in  1650,  and  the 
oldest  of  printed  books  ;  Latin  Bibles  printed  at  Mayence  in  1462 
(by  Faust  and  Schoffer),  and  at   Nuremberg  in  1477  (with  many 
notes  in  Melanchthon's  handwriting)  ;  seven  fine  Caxtons  ;  block- 
books  ;    five  of   Eliot's   Indian    Bibles;    "The  Recuyell  of  the 
Historyes  of   Troye  "  (Bruges,    1474),   the    first   book  printed  in 
English  ;    the    Bay   Psalm    Book    (Cambridge.    1640),    the  first 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


65 


ac<  >ook  printed  in  the  United  States,  etc.  There  are  also  many  rare 
:'J  MSS.  on  vellum,  illuminated,  dating  from  before  the  invention  of 
Je  printing.  These  objects  are  exhibited  and  entertainingly  explained  by 
:Si  the  accomplished  successor  of  the  late  Dr.  S.  Austin  Allibone.  The 

picture-gallery  is  described  in  chapter  on  Art. 
a     New-York  Historical  Society,  170  Second  Avenue  (open  from  9  to 
:?  6),  has  upwards  of  70,000  volumes,  especially  Americana  and  geneal- 
ogy.   It  is  inaccessible  to  the  public. 
i     Bar  Association  (44th  Street,  near  Sixth  Avenue)  has  a  library  of 
24,000  volumes  ;  open  to  members  and  the  judges. 

0  !   City  Library,  12  City  Hall,  10  a.m.  to  4  p.m. 

d    American  Institute,  115  West  38th  Street,  9  to  9. 

Masonic,  Sixth  Avenue  and  23d  Street. 

Mott  Memorial  (medical),  64  Madison  Avenue,  open  11  to  9. 
111    New-York  Society,  67  University  Place,  8  to  6,  70,000  volumes. 
:e  Founded  1754;  $15  a  year. 

11  New-York  Law-Institute  Library,  116  Post-office  Building.  Open  9 
e  A.M.  to  5  p.m.  ;  30,000  legal  works. 

r  Young  Men's  Christian  Association  has  several  libraries  in  different 
d  localities. 

M  American  Museum  of  Natural  History,  between  Eighth  and  Ninth 
v  Avenues,  and  77th  and  81st  Streets,  was  founded  in  1869.  The  corner- 
e  stone  of  this  building  was  laid  by  President  Grant  in  1874,  and  the 

1  Museum  was  opened  in  1877  by  President  Hayes.  It  is  a  Gothic 
e  building  of  brick  and  granite,  with  several  large  and  admirably  ar- 
e  ranged  halls.  Here  are  found  the  Powell  collection  of  British-Colum- 
t  bian  objects,  the  Robert-Bell  collection  from  Hudson's  Bay,  the 
e  De-Morgan  collection  of  stone-age  implements  from  the  valley  of  the 
j  Somme,  the  Jesup  collection  of  North-American  woods  and  building 

stones,  the  James-Hall  collections  in  paleontology  and  geology,  the 
Gay  collection  of  shells,  the  Bailey  collection  of  birds'  nests  and  eggs, 
mounted  mammalia,  Indian  dresses  and  weapons,  Pacific-Islanders' 
implements  and  weapons,  10,000  mounted  birds,  the  Major-Jones  col- 
lection ©f  Indian  and  mound-builders'  antiquities  from  Georgia,  the 


66 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


Porto-Rico  antiquities,  a  mammoth  twenty-five  feet  high;  several 
specimens  of  the  extinct  Australian  bird,  the  Moa,  fifteen  feet  high; 
reptiles,  fishes,  corals,  minerals,  etc.  The  library  contains  1 2,00c 
scientific  works.  Many  lectures  are  given  here  yearly  for  the  teachers 
in  the  public  schools,  who  come  here  to  study  these  vast  and  interest 
mg  collections.  New  buildings  are  about  to  be  added  by  the  State. 
The  Museum  is  open  free  on  Wednesdays,  Thursdays,  Fridays,  and; 
Saturdays.  It  is  reached  by  the  Sixth-avenue  Elevated  Railroad  to 
the  8ist-street  Station,  or  by  the  Eighth-avenue  electric  cars. 


Grand  Central  Depot,  the  largest  and  finest  passenger  station  in 
America,  is  located  on  Forty-second  Street,  directly  opposite  thei 
Grand  Union  Hotel.  It  is  used  jointly  by  the  New  York  Central  and 
Hudson  River  Railroad,  the  Harlem  Railroad,  and  the  New  York. 
New  Haven  and  Hartford  Railroad,  with  the  connections  of  the  latter 
ramifying  all  over  New  England. 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


67 


CHURCHES. 

There  are  about  400  churches  on  Manhattan  Island,  capable  of 
[eating  at  one  time  250,000  persons,  and  valued  at  $60,000,000. 

Roman  Catholic.  —  There  are  75  Roman-Catholic  churches  in 
New  York,  representing  a  vast  population,  as  each  has  several  differ- 
ent congregations  on  each  day  of  worship.  Several  of  the  churches 
ire  German,  Polish,  etc. 

St  Patrick's  Cathedra/  is  the  greatest  and  most  magnificent  church 
n  the  United  States.  It  was  projected  in  1850  by  Archbishop  Hughes, 
ind  the  plans  drawn  by  James  Renwick.  The  corner-stone  was  laid 
n  1858,  in  the  presence  of  100,000  persons;  and  May  25,  1879,  tne 
:athedral  was  dedicated  by  Cardinal  McCloskey.  It  has  cost  over 
£2,000,000.  It  is  in  thirteenth-century  decorated  Gothic,  like  the  cathe- 
drals of  Amiens,  Cologne,  York,  and  Exeter ;  and  the  material  is  fine 
white  marble.  It  is  a  Latin  cross,  306  feet  long,  and  120  feet  wide 
(140  at  transepts),  and  108  feet  high,  with  a  noble  clerestory  upheld 
on  long  lines  of  clustered  marble  columns,  and  carrying  a  lofty  and 
richly  ornamented  ceiling.  On  each  side  of  the  front  gable  (which  is 
156  feet  high,  or  taller  than  most  of  the  steeples  of  America),  the 
carved  and  pinnacled  spires  reach  the  great  height  of  328  feet, 
making  a  huge  marble  mcuntain,  uplifted  on  the  highest  point  of 
Fifth  Avenue,  truly  a  landmark  for  leagues.  The  70  windows  (37 
of  which  are  memorial)  are  of  rich  stained  glass,  and  were  made  at 
Chartres,  France,  at  a  cost  of  $100,000.  That  in  the  south  transept 
shows  forth  the  life  of  St.  Patrick  ;  that  in  the  north,  the  life  of  the 
Blessed  Virgin.  The  main  altar  is  40  feet  high,  of  Italian  marble, 
inlaid  with  gems,  and  bass-reliefs  of  the  Passion ;  and  on  one  side  is 
the  great  Gothic  throne  of  the  archbishop.  The  altar  of  the  Holy 
Family,  of  Tennessee  marble  and  Caen  stone ;  of  the  Blessed  Virgin, 
of  curiously  carved  French  walnut ;  of  the  Sacred  Heart,  of  bronze  ;  of 
St.  Joseph,  of  bronze  and  mosaic,  —  are  all  of  great  interest  and  artis- 


TRINITY  CHURCH. 


Hozv  to  Know  New  York. 


69 


tic  merit.  High  mass  is  given  at  10.30  a.m.,  on  Sunday,  and  vespers 
at  4  p.m.  The  cathedral  is  open  every  day  of  the  week.  Seats  in  the 
centre  may  be  had  at  high  mass  for  25  cents  (on  the  sides  for  15 
cents),  tickets  being  procured  from  the  verger  near  the  main  entrance, 
inside. 

St.  Paul  the  Apostle,  at  60th  Street  and  Ninth  Avenue,  pertains  to  the 
celebrated  preaching  Order  of  Paulists,  whose  monastery  adjoins  it. 
It  is  an  immense  and  sombre  pile  of  gray  stone,  with  an  ascetic 
interior,  singularly  devoid  of  ornament,  but  impressive  from  its  great 
size.    The  main  portals  are  flanked  by  statues  of  the  saints. 

St.  Patrick's,  at  Mott  and  Prince  Streets,  erected  in  181 5,  and  with 
a  very  spacious  interior,  was  formerly  the  cathedral. 

Church  of  the  Most  Holy  Redeemer  (German),  at  3d  Street  and 
Avenue  A,  is  a  rich  Byzantine  building,  with  lofty  roof,  costly  altar, 
and  a  spire  265  feet  high. 

St.  Stephen's,  on  East  28th  Street,  near  Third  Avenue,  is  celebrated 
for  its  beautiful  music.  This  was  the  church  of  the  famous  Dr. 
McGlynn. 

St.  Francis  Xavier  is  on  West  16th  Street,  near  Sixth  Avenue. 
St.  Ann's  is  at  112  East  12th  Street. 
St.  Mary's  is  at  438  Grand  Street. 

St.  Vincent  de  Paul's  is  a  French  church,  on  West  23d  Street. 

Episcopalian.  —  There  are  76  churches  of  this  sect  in  New  York, 
of  which  the  following  may  be  distinguished:  — 

Trinity  Church,  on  Broadway,  at  the  head  of  Wall  Street,  is  the 
richest  parish  in  America,  having  revenues  of  $500,000  a  year.  Tt 
was  founded  in  1697,  receiving  from  the  English  Government  a  grant 
of  its  present  site,  outside  the  north  gate  of  the  city,  to  which  in  1705 
was  added  Queen  Anne's  Farm,  including  the  territory  along  the  rivei 
from  Vesey  Street  to  Christopher  Street.  Much  of  this  great 
domain  remains  in  the  possession  of  the  parish.  Other  singular 
resources  were  added  to  Trinity's  store.  It  received  a  fund  raised  foi 
relieving  Christian  slaves  out  of  Salee ;  was  granted  all  wrecks  and 


7° 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


drift-whales  on  the  island  of  Nassau ;  Jewish  citizens  contributed  for 
its  spire  ;  and  the  Widow  Hellegard  DeKay  loaned  it  ^400.  Com- 
munion services  were  given  by  William  and  Mary,  Queen  Anne,  and 
King  George.  Among  the  rectors  were  Dr.  Vesey,  for  50  years ; 
Dr.  Barclay,  from  1746  to  1764;  Dr.  Auchmuty;  Bishops  Provoost, 
Moore,  and  Hobart;  Dr.  Hobart.  When  the  Revolution  broke  out, 
the  clergy  were  Royalist;  and  the  patriots  closed  the  church,  which 
was  burned  down  in  1776,  and  rebuilt  in  1788.  The  present  church 
dates  from  1846,  and  is  a  noble  Gothic  structure,  with  a  rich  gray 
interior,  carved  Gothic  columns,  groined  roofs,  and  the  magnificent 
marble  and  mosaic  altar  and  reredos,  erected  by  his  family  as  a  me- 
morial to  the  late  William  B.  Astor.  The  church  is  usually  open  all 
day  long,  throughout  the  week,  with  morning  and  evening  prayers,  at 
9  A.M.  and  3  P.M.,  and  imposing  choral  services  on  Sunday.  The  par- 
ish spends  enormous  sums  annually  in  charities.  Upjohn,  the  great- 
est of  American  architects  in  the  Gothic  style,  devoted  seven  years  to 
building  Trinity.  It  has  an  elaborate  chancel  service  of  silver,  pre- 
sented by  good  Queen  Anne.  Its  spire,  284  feet  high,  commands  a 
wide  and  wonderful  view,  and  contains  a  melodious  chime  of  bells. 

St  Paul's,  at  Broadway  and  Vesey  Street,  was  built  in  1764-66,  and 
faces  away  from  Broadway,  and  was  attended  by  Washington.  It  is 
a  chapel  of  Trinity  parish.  The  interior  is  quaint  and  old-fashioned 
to  a  degree.  At  mid-aisle,  on  the  Vesey-street  side,  the  site  of  the 
pew  of  Washington  is  marked  with  his  initials.  The  organ  was 
brought  from  England  long  years  ago.  Dr.  Auchmuty  used  to  read 
prayers  for  the  king,  in  the  chancel,  until  the  drummers  of  the  Ameri- 
can garrison  beat  him  down  with  the  long  roll  in  the  centre  aisle. 

Among  those  buried  in  St.  Paul's  churchyard  were  Emmet  and 
MacNeven,  Irish  patriots  of  '98 ;  Gen.  Richard  Montgomery,  the 
brave  Irish-American,  who  was  killed  in  storming  Quebec;  John 
Dixey,  R.A.,  an  Irish  sculptor  ;  Capt.  Baron  de  Rahenan,  of  one  of 
the  old  Hessian  regiments;  Col.  the  Sieur  de  Rochefontaine,  of  our 
Revolutionary  army ;  John  Lucas  and  Job  Sumner,  majors  in  the 
Georgia  Line  and  Massachusetts  Line ;  and  Lieut.-Col.  Beverly 
Robinson,  the  Loyalist. 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


7i 


Trinity  Chapel  is  a  brown-stone  Gothic  church,  on  25th  Street, 
close  to  Madison  Square.  The  inside  walls  are  of  Caen  stone,  with 
tiled  floors,  and  rich  stained  windows. 

St.  John's  is  a  venerable  sandstone  chapel  of  Trinity  parish,  with  a 
deep  portico,  on  St.  John's  Park,  where  the  great  New- York  Central 
freight-station  now  stands.    Rev.  P.  A.  H.Brown  is  rector. 

St.  Augustine's,  in  Houston  Street,  near  the  Bowery,  is  a  handsome 
Queen  Anne  chapel  of  Trinity,  with  industrial  schools,  guilds,  and 
mission-house.  Dr.  Kimber  is  in  charge.  An  illuminated  crystal 
cross  on  its  lofty  spire  indicates  when  services  are  being  held.  The 
bell  was  cast  in  1700,  and  presented  by  the  Bishop  of  London,  in  1704. 

Grace  Church  looks  down  Broadway  from  10th  Street,  and  is  a 
very  sumptuous  and  ornate  edifice  of  marble,  with  a  lofty  marble  spire. 
The  interior  is  rich  in  delicate  carvings,  lines'of  stone  columns,  forty 
stained-glass  windows,  etc.  Renwick  built  the  church  in  1845. 
Huntington  is  rector.  You  should  visit  the  beautiful  little  chantry, 
opening  off  the  south  aisle,  and  erected  by  Catherine  Wolf's  bounty. 

Calvary  Church,  at  Fourth  Avenue  and  21st  Street,  is  a  cathedral- 
like stone  structure,  with  a  rich  and  spacious  interior,  great  tran- 
septs, and  clustered  Gothic  columns.    It  dates  from  1847. 

St.  George's,  Low-church,  on  Stuyvesant  Square,  is  an  immense 
Byzantine  structure  of  brown-stone,  with  lofty  twin-spires,  a  rich 
chancel,  and  brilliant  polychromatic  interior.  The  elder  Dr.  Stephen 
H.  Tyng  was  many  years  rector.    W.  S.  Rainsford  is  rector. 

St.  Mark's  is  a  quaint  old  church,  at  Second  Avenue  and  Stuy- 
vesant Place,  with  many  mural  tablets,  and  the  tombs  of  Petrus 
Stuyvesant,  the  last  Dutch  governor;  Col.  Slaughter,  one  of  the 
English  governors ;  and  Gov.  Tompkins.  From  the  adjacent  church- 
yard, A.  T.  Stewart's  body  was  stolen,  by  night.  On  the  site  of  St 
Mark's,  Gov.  Stuyvesant  built  a  chapel,  near  h;s  quaint  yellow-brick 
house,  over  two  centuries  ago. 

Church  of  the  Holy  Spirit,  at  Madison  Avenu^  and  66th  Street, 
designed  by  R.  H.  Robertson,  is  famous  for  its  fine  wood-carvings. 

St.  James,  on  Madison  Avenue,  corner  of  71st  Street,  is  one  of 
the  most  elegant  in  the  denomination.    The  new  edifice  is  but  a  few 


72 


How  to  Knozv  New  York. 


years  old,  but  it  is  admired  for  its  graceful  exterior  and  its  exquisite 
interior. 

St.  Bartholomew's,  at  Madison  Avenue  and  West  44th  Street,  has  a 
sumptuous  richness  of  brilliant  colors  and  gold,  and  stained  windows, 
arcades  and  round  arches,  and  polished  granite  pillars. 

Church  of  the  Heavenly  Rest,  at  551  Fifth  Avenue,  contains  pol- 
ished red  and  gray  granite  pillars,  with  immensely  costly  capitals,  in 
[carved  roses  and  lilies;  frescos  of  Fra  Angelico's  seraphs;  richly 
carved  roof-timbers,  and  brilliant  windows.  Low-church. 

St.  Ignatius,  56  West  40th  Street,  opposite  Bryant  Park,  is  High- 
church  and  ritualistic,  with  a  rich  and  almost  Roman  service,  largely 
choral,  and  a  fine  marble  altar.    Arthur  Ritchie  is  rector. 

St.  Mary  the  Virgin  is  a  ritualistic  church,  at  228  West  45th  Street. 

Anthon  Memorial  Church,  781  Madison  Ave.,  Heber  Newton,  rector. 

St.  Thomas  (Dr.  Brown),  at  Fifth  Avenue  and  West  53d  Street, 
is  in  Early-English  Gothic,  with  its  seven-sided  chancel  adorned  with 
a  magnificent  group  of  paintings  by  John  LaFarge,  representing  the 
Adoration  of  the  Cross,  with  sculptures  by  Augustus  St.  Gaudens. 
The  church  cost  $750,000. 

Church  of  the  Holy  Trinity,  at  Madison  Avenue  and  42d  Street, 
was  the  place  of  the  younger  Dr.  Stephen  H.  Tyng's  labors  for  many 
years.    It  is  Low-church  in  its  forms. 

Presbyterian.  —  Including  the  Reformed  and  the  United  wings, 
the  Presbyterians  have  55  churches. 

First  Presbyterian  Church,  on  Fifth  Avenue,  near  nth  Street,  is  a 
handsome  stone  building. 

Madison-Square  Church  is  a  neat  brown-stone  structure.  Dr 
Parkhurst  is  pastor. 

Brick  Church,  at  Fifth  Avenue  and  37th  Street,  w'th  a  loftr  &pire. 
was  for  many  years  the  scene  of  Dr.  Spring's  labors,  and  belongs  tfr 
the  oldest  of  the  Presbyterian  societies,  formerly  on  Beekman  Street. 
Dr.  Vandyke  is  pastor. 

University-Place  Church,  at  10th  Street,  is  of  stone,  with  a  spire  184 
feet  high. 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


73 


Church  of  the  Covenant,  at  34th  Street  and  Park  Avenue,  is  a 
Lombardo-Gothic  temple. 

Fifth- A  venue  Churchy  at  708  Fifth  Avenue,  corner  of  West  55th 
Street,  is  an  enormous  Gothic  structure,  with  a  spire  of  great  height. 

It  cost  $750,000.  Dr.  John  Hall,  the  celebrated  English  divine, 
lately  deceased,  has  been  succeeded  by  Dr.  Purves. 

Methodist.^- There  are  66  Methodist  churches  in  New  York,  5  of 
which  are  German,  6  African,  1  Swedish,  and  1  Welsh. 

John-Street  Church  is  the  cradle  of  American  Methodism,  which 
began  in  1766,  when  Philip  Embury  preached  to  four  persons.  Two 
years  later,  the  society  bought  this  site,  and  built  the  Wesley  Chapel, 
replaced  in  1817  and  in  1841  by  larger  churches.  The  clock  now 
there  was  presented  by  John  Wesley,  and  the  society  has  other  pre- 
cious relics  of  the  early  days. 

St.  Paul's,  at  Fourth  Avenue  and  East  22d  Street,  is  a  handsome 
white-stone  structure,  in  Romanesque  architecture,  with  a  spire  210 
feet  high. 

St  Luke's  is  at  108  West  41st  Street. 
Asbury  Church  is  at  82  Washington  Square. 
Lexington-Avenue  Church  is  at  East  52d  Street. 

Baptists  have  43  churches,  including  those  for  the  French,  Swedes, 
Germans,  Africans,  and  other  nationalities. 

Fifth-Avenue  Church  is  at  the  corner  of  West  46th  Street.  W.  H. 
P.  Faunce  is  the  pastor. 

Madison-Avenue  Church  is  at  the  corner  of  East  31st  Street.  Dr. 
Sanders  is  pastor. 

Epiphany  is  at  Madison  Avenue  and  64th  Street.    Dr.  Beckley. 

Calvary  Church,  on  West  57th  Street,  is  ministered  to  by  Dr.  Mac- 
Arthur. 

First  Baptist  Church,  at  Broome  and  Elizabeth  Streets,  is  a  Gothic 
building  of  rough  stone. 


74  How  to  Know  New  York. 


Tabernacle,  on  Second  Avenue,  near  loth  Street,  is  an  attractive 

Gothic  building,  near  St.  Mark's.  This  was  once  the  leading  Baptist 
church  in  America,  in  Dr.  Edward  Lothrop's  day,  but  having  run 
down,  it  was  on  the  verge  of  being  sold  for  a  synagogue,  until  it  was 
revived  and  beautified  by  its  present  pastor,  the  Rev.  Dr.  D.  G.  Potter, 
largely  aided  by  contributions  from  the  leaders  of  the  Standard  Oil 
Company. 

Congregation alists  have  8  churches. 

Tabernacle,  at  Sixth  Avenue  and  34th  Street,  is  a  handsome  Gothic 
temple,  with  elaborately  carved  pulpit  and  organ-screen.  Dr.  Henry 
A.  Stimson  is  pastor. 

On  lower  Madison  Avenue,  there  are  two  Congregational  churches, 
at  East  45th  Street  and  East  47th  Street. 

Universalists  maintain  4  churches. 

Church  of  the  Divine  Paternity  (Dr.  Eaton),  at  Fifth  Avenue  and  45th 
Street,  was  for  many  years  ministered  to  by  Dr.  E.  H.  Chapin.  It  has 
towers  185  feet  high. 

Unitarians  support  2  churches,  widely  known  by  reason  of  their 
illustrious  pastors. 

All  Souls*  Church,  at  Fourth  Avenue  and  East  20th  Street,  is  a 
quaint  red-and-white  Byzantine  edifice,  in  the  style  of  the  mediaeval 
Italian  churches,  in  which  the  late  Dr.  Bellows  preached  for  many 
years.    Dr.  Williams  is  pastor. 

Church  Of  the  Messiah,  at  Park  Avenue  and  East  34th  Street,  on 
Murray  Hill,  is  a  spacious  and  handsome  structure,  with  a  beautiful 
portal.  .  Robert  Collyer  is  pastor. 

Reformed  Dutch  have  24  churches  and  chapels. 

Collegiate  Middle  Reformed  Church,  at  4th  Street  and  Lafayette 
Place,  built  in  1839,  has  a  handsome  marble  pulpit  and  a  fine  interior. 

Other  Reformed  Churches  are  on  Fifth  Avenue,  at  21st,  29th,  and 
48th  Streets.  The  latter  is  a  rich  and  florid  Gothic  building  of  brown- 
"*one,  with  colored  windows,  many  high  gables,  and  flying  buttresses. 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


75 


Hebrew.  — There  are  40  synagogues  and  temples,  with  strange 
Oriental  names  and  ritual,  and  many  smaller  shrines. 

Temple  Emanu-EI,  at  Fifth  Avenue  and  West  43d  Screet,  is  a  pic- 
turesque pile  of  Oriental  architecture,  erected  at  a  cost  of  $650,000, 
and  rich  in  delicate  detail-work,  carvings,  and  color.  The  interior  is 
dazzling  in  its  brilliancy. 

Smaller  Sects  of  every  conceivable  character  have  churches  or 
meeting-places  in  various  localities.    Some  of  these  are,  — 
Catholic  Apostolic,  417  West  57th  Street. 
Christian  Israelites,  108  1st  Street. 

Reformed  Episcopal,  Madison  Avenue  and  55th  Street.  (Dr.  Sabine.) 
New  Jerusalem,  114  East  35th  Street.    (Mr.  Seward.) 
Reformed  Catholic,  79  West  23d  Street. 
Moravian,  154  Lexington  Avenue. 

Friends,  124  East  20th  Street,  43  West  47th  Street,  and  East  15th 
Street,  and  Rutherford  Place. 
Lutheran,  216  East  15th  Street. 


Baggage  Express  and  Carriage  Hire  Saved. 

fHE  GRAND  UNION  HOTEL  being  immediately  opposite  the 
Grand  Central  Depot,  the  arriving  traveler,  instead  of  having 
to  submit  to  the  annoyance  and  expense  of  carriage  hire 
and  baggage  express,  can  step  across  the  street,  hand  his  checks 
to  the  clerk,  and  in  ten  minutes  his  baggage  will  be  delivered  in 
his  ro6m  free  of  charge. 

Baggage  of  outgoing  guests  will  be  delivered  free  to  the  fol- 
lowing Railroads:  New  York  Central  &  Hudson  River  R.  R.; 
Harlem  R.  R.;  New  Haven  R.  R.,  and  New  England  R.  R.,  all  of 
which  are  in  the  Grand  Central  Depot. 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


77 


THEATRES. 

The  theatres  of  New  York  are  among  the  best  in  the  world,  and 
should  be  visited  by  every  sojourner  in  the  tents  of  Manhattan.  Care 
should  be  taken  about  buying  tickets  from  speculators  outside,  as  in 
some  of  the  theatres  such  tickets  will  not  be  accepted. 

The  sidewalks  on  Union  Square,  near  the  Washington  statue,  are  fre- 
quented by  numbers  of  actors  waiting  for  engagements,  and  has  hence 
come  to  be  known  as  "  The  Slave  Market,"  and  "  The  Rialto." 

Several  of  the  leading  theatres,  including  the  Metropolitan  Opera- 
House,  the  Casino,  and  the  Manhattan,  are  on  Broadway,  within 
half  a  mile  of  the  Grand  Union  Hotel.  All  the  others  are  of  easy 
and  quick  access  from  the  hotel. 

Academy  of  Music,  a  long  and  plain  brick  building  at  the  corner  of 
14th  Street  and  Irving  Place,  has  been,  since  1866,  the  home  of  Italian 
opera  in  New  York,  and  latterly  of  Denman  Thompson's  famous 
<k  Old  Homestead."  Irving  Place  Theatre,  nearly  opposite,  covers 
the  site  of  old  Irving  Hall.  The  Academy  has  heard  the  impassioned 
songs  of  Lucca,  Nilsson,  Kellogg,  Tietjens,  Piccolomini,  Gerster, 
Hauk,  Brignoli,  Campanini,  Mario,  and  other  famous  singers. 

American,  Eighth  Avenue  and  42d  Street. 

Bijou  Opera-House,  on  Broadway,  between  30th  and  31st  Streets,  is 
the  home  of  light  farce  and  burlesque. 

Broadway  Theatre,  Broadway  and  41st  Street. 

Casino,  at  Broadway  and  39th  St.,  is  a  beautiful  Moorish  structure, 
modelled  after  parts  of  the  famous  Alhambra.  Here  are  produced 
comic  operas,  musical  extravaganzas,  and  other  light  amusements. 
On  the  roof  is  a  pleasant  and  popular  cafe  and  summer-garden. 

Columbus,  East  125th  Street,  near  Lexington  Avenue. 

Criterion,  Broadway  and  44th  Street. 


78 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


Daly's,  at  Broadway  and  31st  Street,  has  an  admirable  stock  com- 
pany, and  renders  modern  and  classic  English  comedies  in  a  style  of 
incomparable  excellence-    Augustin  Daly  is  its  manager. 

Empire,  Broadway  and  40th  Street. 

Fifth-Avenue   Theatre,  corner  of  Broadway  and  28th  Street,  is  a 
beautiful  and  successful  "star"  theatre,  built  for  Augustin  Daly, 
and  now  managed  by  Harry  Miner. 

Fourteenth-Street  Theatre,  on  14th  Street,  near  Sixth  Avenue,  is  a 
handsome  gray  building,  with  a  classic  portico  It  has  also  been 
known  as  the  Lyceum  Theatre  (when  Fechter  conducted  it),  and 
Haverly's.    It  has  a  very  handsome  and  comfortable  auditorium. 

Garrick,  35th  Street,  near  Sixth  Avenue. 

Garden,  Madison  Avenue  and  27th  Street. 

Grand  Opera-House,  at  Eighth  Avenue  and  23d  Street,  is  an 
immense  structure  of  white  marble,  for  a  long  time  run  by  James 
Fisk,  jurt.  The  prices  here  are  much  lower  than  at  the  other  large 
theatres,  and  its  great  auditorium  has  witnessed  many  fine  "star" 
performances. 

Harlem  Opera  House,  West  125th  Street. 

Herald  Square  Theatre,  at  Broadway  and  35th  Street,  furnishes  capi- 
tal novelties  and  comedies,  including  many  of  the  leading  attractions. 

Harry  Miner' s  Theatres,  one  on  Eighth  Avenue,  near  23d  Street, 
and  the  other  on  the  Bowery,  near  Broome  Street,  are  devoted  to 
varieties  and  other  light  performances. 

Hoyt's,  West  24th  Street,  near  Broadway. 

Irving  Place,  East  15th  Street  and  Irving  Place. 

Knickerbocker,  corner  of  Broadway  and  38th  Street. 

Keith's  Theatre,  at  56  East  14th  Street,  near  Broadway,  is  a  hand- 
some little  house,  always  a  favorite  witn  theatre-goers,  where  the 
best  vaudeville  actors  make  their  appearance.  Take  Madison-avenue 
cars  to  14th  Street. 

London  Theatre,  on  the  Bowery ,  between  Rivington  and  Stanton 
Streets,  produces  varieties  and  popular  shows. 

Lyceum  Theatre  is  a  beautiful  new  structure  on  Fourth  Avenue, 
near  23d  Street  (next  to  the  Academy  of  Design),  built  under  the 


How  to  Knoiv  Nezv  York. 


79 


direction  of  Steele  Mackaye,  and  richly  decorated  by  Tiffany.  Here 
one  may  see  modern  comedies  and  popular  dramas  of  high  excellence. 

Madison-Square  Garden,  at  Fourth  and  Madison  Avenues,  and  26th 
and  27th  Streets,  has  the  largest  auditorium  in  the  city. 

Manhattan  Theatre,  Broadway  and  33d  Street. 

Metropolitan  Opera-House  is  one  of  the  largest  theatres  in  the 
world,  and  has  122  boxes  (each  with  a  spacious  parlor  attached),  and 
seats  for  6,000  persons.  It  is  an  enormous  Renaissance  building,  of 
yellow  brick,  200  by  260  feet,  with  broad  foyers,  17  entrances,  and  a 
stage  96  by  76  feet,  and  120  feet  high.  The  structure  is  of  brick  and 
iron,  and  practically  fireproof.  It  was  opened  in  1883,  by  Nilsson  and 
Campanini,  in  "  Faust."  Here  the  great  German  and  Italian  operas 
are  given  in  magnificent  style,  with  every  accessory  of  fine  scenery 
and  stage-effects.  It  fronts  on  Broadway,  and  extends  from  38th  to 
39th  Streets. 

Murray  Hill  Theatre,  Lexington  Avenue,  between  41st  and  42d 
Streets. 

New  York,  Broadway  and  44th  Street. 

Oriental  Theatre,  113  Bowery,  gives  performances  in  Hebrew. 

People' s  Theatre  is  at  199  Bowery. 

Pleasure  Palace,  58th  Street  and  Third  Avenue. 

Proctor's,  West  23d  Street,  near  Sixth  Avenue. 

Star  Theatre,  at  Broadway  and  13th  Street,  has  a  large  and  brilliant 
auditorium,  devoted  to  high  class  and  "  star"  representations.  It  is 
the  old  Wallack's  Theatre. 

Thalia  Theatre,  at  46  Bowery  (corner  of  Canal  Street),  is  devoted 
to  plays  in  Hebrew,  given  at  odd  intervals.  It  occupies  the  site  of 
the  famous  old  Bowery  Theatre,  opened  in  1826,  and  notable  for  the 
triumphs  of  Forrest,  Rice,  Junius  Brutus  Booth,  Charlotte  Cushman, 
and  other  great  actors. 

Tony  Pastor's  Theatre,  on  East  14th  Street,  between  Tammany  Hall 
and  the  Academy  of  Music,  is  sacred  to  variety  shows,  and  is  the  best 
o*  its  kind  in  the  city. 

Victoria,  Broadway,  Seventh  Avenue,  and  42d  Street. 

Wallack's  (Broadway  and  30th  Street)  is  one  of  the  leading  theaf  "  - 


80  How  to  Know  Neiv  York. 

of  the  metropolis,  presenting  the  best  attractions  in  the  country,  and 
a  brilliant  and  comfortable  auditorium.    It  presents  choice  modern  j 
dramas  and  comedies,  in  a  style  of  great  splendor.    The  manager  is  \ 
A.  M.  Palmer,  who  also  controls  the  Madison  Square  Theatre. 
Weber  and  Fields,  Broadway  and  30th  Street. 

Public  Halls.  At  Chickering  Hall  (Fifth  Avenue  and  18th  Street), 
Hardman  Hall  (2  West  19th  Street,  cor.  Fifth  Avenue),  and  other 
large  and  beautifully  decorated  halls,  lectures  and  concerts  and  other 
fashionable  public  entertainments  are  given  frequently. 

Eden  MusSe,  on  West  23d  Street,  near  Fifth  Avenue,  is  an  attractive 
new  building,  containing  wax  portrait-figures  of  many  famous  men 
and  women,  in  life-size,  historical  groups,  a  subterranean  Chamber  of  J 
Horrors,  and  other  interesting  curiosities.  Almost  all  visitors  to  - 
New  York  include  this  remarkably  instructive  and  entertaining  sight 
in  their  grand  rounds.  The  entrance-fee  is  fifty  cents  ;  and  the  col- 
lection- is  one  of  the  very  best  and  largest  of  the  kind  in  the  world, 
rivalling  the  famous  London  wax- works  of  Madame  Tussaud. 

Harlem  Opera-House,  built  and  managed  by  Oscar  Hammerstein,  is 
on  125th  Street,  near  Seventh  Avenue,  and  is  one  of  the  most  charm- 
ing theatres  in  the  city.    It  is  devoted  chiefly  to  light  opera. 

Base  Ball  mav  be  seen  at  the  Polo  Grounds,  Eighth  Avenue  and 
155th  Street.  Reached  by  Sixth-avenue  Elevated  Railroad  to  155th 
Street. 

Manhattan  Athletic  Club  grounds,  Eighth  Avenue  and  56th  Street. 
Sixth-avenue  Elevated  Railroad  to  53d-street  Station. 

Caledonian  Club,  foot  of  E.  68th  Street,  at  Jones's  Wood.  Second- 
avenue  Elevated  Railroad  to  65th-street  Station. 

New-York  Athletic  Club's  grounds,  Travers  Island,  near  New  Ro- 
chelle. 


How  to  Know  New  York, 


81 


ghops  and  'pheatres. 

All  the  large  retail  shops  and  the  leading 
theatres  are  within  a  few  minutes'  walk  or 
ride  of  the  Grand  Union  Hotel. 

i  ,  


82 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


CLUBS,  SOCIETIES,  ETC. 

Union  League  Club  house,  at  Fifth  Avenue  and  39th  Street,  was 
built  in  1879-80,  at  a  cost  of  $400,000,  with  sumptuous  halls,  din- 
ing-room, art-gallery,  library,  billiard-room,  cafe,  etc.,  decorated  by 
Louis  Tiffany,  John  LaFarge,  and  Franklin  Smith.  The  club  has 
1,500  members.  The  entrance-fee  is  $300,  and  the  annual  dues  $75. 
It  was  organized  in  1863,  as  a  union  of  gentlemen  devoted  to  "  abso- 
lute and  unqualified  loyalty  to  the  Government  of  the  United  States 
.  .  .  to  resist  and  expose  corruption,  and  promote  reform  in  National, 
State,  and  municipal  affairs  ;  and  to  elevate  the  idea  of  American 
citizenship."  It  raised  and  equipped  several  regiments  for  the  Na- 
tional armies  during  the  Secession  war.  This  is  the  most  elegant 
club-house  in  America. 

Union  Club  is  a  prominent  social  organization  at  Fifth  Avenue  and 
21st  Street. 

Authors'  Club,  at  Seventh  Avenue  and  56th  Street,  decorated  by 
Francis  Lathrop,  is  the  haunt  of  the  leading  men  of  letters  in  the 
great  metropolis.  Among  its  members  are  Curtis,  Eggleston,  Sted- 
man,  Stoddard,  Bunner,  Matthews,  Boyesen,  Godwin,  Hay.  and 
James.  In  the  same  building  is  the  hall  of  the  New- York  Fencing 
Club  (see  Century  Magazine,  January,  1887). 

Grolier  Club  (29  East  32d  Street)  contains  50  bibliophiles,  and 
studies  bookbinding,  extending,  fine  printing,  paper-making,  etc.,  as 
arts. 

New-York  Athletic  Club,  founded  in  1868,  is  the  leading  society  of 
the  kind  in  America.  It  has  a  large,  new  building  at  Sixth  Avenue 
and  59th  Street,  with  bowling,  billiards,  swimming-tanks,  gymnasium, 
cafe\  parlors,  reading-room,  etc.  The  grounds  and  boat-houses  are 
at  Travers  Island.    There  are  2,000  members. 

Knickerbocker  Athletic  Club  (45th  St.  and  Madison  Avenue)  has  a 
sumptuous  establishment  of  stone  and  brick  for  its  home,  with  caf^, 


How  to  Know  Neiv  York. 


83 


billiard,  chess,  and  card  rooms,  reading-room,  and  great  wealth  of 
statuary,  paintings,  velvet  carpets,  gymnasium,  etc.  Their  athletic 
grounds  and  cinder-track  are  at  Eighth  Avenue  and  56th  and  57th 
Streets.    The  club  was  founded  in  1877. 

Lotos  Club,  at  Fifth  Avenue  and  46th  Street,  is  a  social  organiza- 
tion, with  monthly  art-receptions  in  its  handsome  brown-stone  build- 
ing. It  includes  many  authors  artists,  actors,  etc.  Admission,  $200  ; 
annual  dues,  $50.    There  are  500  members. 

Century  Association,  in  West  43d  Street,  is  for  the  advancement 
of  literature  and  art,  and  has  a  fine  library  and  picture-gallery.  60c 
members. 

Caledonian  Club,  handsome  sandstone  building  at  Greenwich  Avenue 
and  13th  Street  (Jackson  Square).  Founded  in  1856,  as  a  social  and 
athletic  society  for  Scotchmen. 

Calumet  Club,  267  Fifth  Avenue.    Young  society-men. 

Canadian  Club,  12  East  29th  Street.    Founded  1884. 

Coney-Island  Jockey  Club,  173  Fifth  Avenue. 

Democratic  Club,  617  Fifth  Avenue. 

Down-Town  Club,  60  Pine  Street.    500  members. 

Harmome  Club,  in  a  handsome  building  at  46  West  42d  Street.  360 
German  members.     Founded  in  1852. 

The  Lambs,  West  36th  Street,  near  Sixth  Avenue,  largely  composed 
of  actors.    Lester  Wallack  was  the  first  Shepherd. 

Merchants'  Club,  108  Leonard  Street.  Founded  1S72.  200 
members. 

New-York  Press  Club,  34  West  26th  Street.  350  members. 
Founded  1872. 

New-York  Southern  Society  includes  many  eminent  Southerners, 
now  domiciled  in  New  York.     18  West  25th  Street. 

Racquet  Club,  43d  Street,  near  Fifth  Avenue.  Four  courts.  450 
members. 

Kit-Kat  Club,  12  East  15th  Street,  is  composed  of  artists. 
Knickerbocker  Club,  at  Fifth  Avenue  and  32d  Street,  is  a  very  aris- 
tocratic society  of  300  members. 


84 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


Manhattan  Club  has  its  home  at  26th  Street  and  Madison  Square.  | 
It  was  founded  in  1865,  to  advance  Democratic  principles. 

St.  Nicholas  Club,  7  West  44th  Street,  was  founded  in  1875,  as  a 
social  organization  of  descendants  of  the  New-York  families  prior  to 
1785-    300  members. 

St.  Nicholas  Society,  founded  in  1S35,  for  descendants  of  old  New- 
Yorkers  before  1785,  has  famous  dinners,  and  includes  the  old  aris- 
tocracy of  the  city. 

Sorosis  is  a  woman's  club,  founded  in  1868.  and  now,  with  350 
members,  makes  its  home  at  212  Fifth  Avenue. 

University  Club,  54th  Street  and  Fifth  Avenue.    Founded  in  1S65. 
For  former  students  at  college,  West  Point,  or  Annapolis.    It  numbers  J 
among  its  members  graduates  of  the  leading  colleges  of  the  world. 

Tammany  Society  was  founded  in  1789,  to  inculcate  love  of  Amer- 
ica, with  an  aboriginal  ritual,  intended  to  conciliate  the  hostile  Ind- 
ians, and  to  antagonize  the  aristocratic  Cincinnati.  William  Mooney 
was  the  first  Grand  Sachem.  The  members,  in  Indian  costume, 
received  the  sachems  of  the  Greeks  from  Carolina. 

Yacht-Clubs. — The  Larchmont,  New- York  (57  Madison  Avenue), 
American  (Milton  Point,  Rye),  Seawanhaka  (Bay  Ridge),  and  Atlantic 
(Bay  Ridge),  are  the  chief  yacht-clubs  of  the  city. 

Rowing-Clubs  include  the  Atalanta,  Nassau,  Gramercy,  Columbia- 
College,  and  New- York  Athletic,  which  have  their  boat-houses  along 
Harlem  River,  near  Third  Avenue. 

Bicycling-Clubs.  —  The  New-York  Bicycling  Club,  founded  in  1879, 
has  a  home  at  146  West-End  Avenue.  The  Citizens'  Bicycle  Club  is 
at  26  West  60th  Street,  where  they  have  the  best  club-house  for  the 
purpose  in  America.  Several  smaller  clubs  are  in  existence.  There 
are  upwards  of  30,000  bicycles  in  the  city,  and  great  numbers  in 
Brooklyn  and  other  adjacent  municipalities. 

Ohio  Society  of  New  York,  236  Fifth  Avenue. 

American  Chemical  Society,  University  Building. 

American  Ethnological  Society,  35  Pine  Street.    It  dates  from  1S42, 
and  Albert  Gallatin  was  its  first  president. 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


85 


American  Geographical  Society  owns  a  building;  at  No.  11  West  29th 
Street.  Founded  in  1852.  1,500  fellows.  It  has  20,000  volumes 
and  8,000  maps. 

American  Meteorological  Society,  East  49th  Street. 

American  Microscopical  Society,  East  26th  Street.    Founded  1865. 

American  Numismatic  and  Archaeological  Society,  17  West  43d  St. 

American  Philological  Society,  36  Cooper  Union. 

New-York  Genealogical  and  Biographical  Society,  23  West  44th  St. 

New-York  Horticultural  Society,  26  West  28th  Street. 

Masonic  Temple  (Sixth  Avenue  and  23d  Street)  is  a  massive  and 
simple  building  of  gray  granite,  erected  at  a  cost  of  over  $1,000,000. 
The  ground-floor  is  devoted  to  business,  the  second  floor  to  the 
Grand-Lodge  Hall,  the  third  and  fourth  to  lodge  and  chapter  rooms. 

Odd-Fellows'  Hall,  at  Grand  and  Centre  Streets,  is  a  singular-look- 
ing and  massive  structure,  built  about  the  year  i860,  and  containing 
many  decorated  lodge-rooms.    There  are  about  100  lodges. 

Young  Men's  Christian  Association,  at  Fourth  Avenue  and  23d 
Street,  has  a  spacious  and  stately  Renaissance  building  (erected  in 
1869)  of  New-Jersey  brown-stone,  and  yellow  Ohio  marble;  with 
library  (35,000  volumes),  gymnasium,  lecture-rooms.  It  is  open  from 
8  a.m.  to  10  p.m.  (Sundays,  2  to  10),  and  strangers  are  made  very  wel- 
come. It  aims  to  improve  the  spiritual,  mental,  and  physical  condi- 
tion of  young  men  by  evening  classes,  sociables,  prayer-meetings, 
Bible-classes,  music,  entertainments,  etc.    There  are  seven  branches. 

Young  Women's  Christian  Association,  in  East  15th  Street,  near 
Fifth  Avenue,  is  a  handsome  building  of  red  brick  and  rock-faced 
Belleville  stone,  with  a  pyramidal  roof  of  red  Akron  tiles,  and  abun- 
dant tiling,  terra  cotta,  oaken  wainscots,  stained  glass,  etc.  Inside 
are  rich  parlors,  a  large  chapel,  employment  rooms,  a  large  library 
(10,000  volumes),  and  free  schools  for  type-writing,  book-keeping, 
short-hand,  dress-making,  wall-paper  designing,  modelling,  etc. 

The  Association  was  founded  in  187 1,  and  has  180  members. 
R.  H.  Robertson  erected  the  building  in  1886,  at  a  cost  of  $125,000, 
to  which  John  Jacob  Astor  gave  $30,000,  and  the  three  Vanderbilt 
daughters  (Mrs.  Sloane,  Mrs.  Shepard,  and  Mrs.  Twombly)  $45,500. 


86  How  to  Know  New  York. 


"  FLATS,"  OR  APARTMENT- HOUSES. 

Some  of  the  largest  and  finest  structures  in  the  city  are  the  apart- 
ment-houses, or  "  flats."  Each  apartment  is  complete  in  itself,  con- 
taining all  the  rooms  requisite  for  housekeeping.  The  rent  of  an 
apartment  of  the  better  class  ranges  from  one  to  seven  thousand 
dollars  per  year,  according  to  size  and  location.  The  buildings  are 
provided  with  elevators,  hall-boys,  electric  lights,  and  in  many  cases 
are  fire-proof.  The  expensive  apartments  are  elegantly  fitted  up  with 
hard-woods  and  inlaid  floors,  frescos,  etc.,  and  contain  from  seven  to 
twenty-five  rooms  each.  One  of  the  differences  between  "  Flats  "  and 
"Apartment-Houses  "  is  that  the  former  have  kitchens,  equipped  for 
housekeeping;  while  the  latter  have  restaurants  where  the  occupants 
get  their  meals.    The  following  are  among  the  largest :  — 

Central-Park  Apartment-Houses,  on  59th  Street,  near  Seventh  Ave- 
nue, form  the  largest  flat-hotel  in  the  world,  including  several  huge 
fireproof  buildings, — the  Madrid,  Cordova,  Granada,  Lisbon,  —  com- 
prehended in  one  plan,  and  magnificent  in  all  their  appointments. 
The  whole  structure  is  best  known  as  the  "  Navarro  Flats,"  and  is 
said  to  have  cost  upwards  of  seven  million  dollars. 

Dakota,  at  Eighth  Avenue  and  73d  Street,  is  another  vast  and 
costly  structure,  155  feet  high,  and  gorgeous  in  all  its  details.  It  is 
called  the  finest  in  New  York.  The  rent  of  an  apartment  runs  as 
high  as  seven  thousand  dollars  a  year.  It  was  built  by  Clark,  of 
Singer  Sewing-Machine  fame. 

Osborne,  at  the  corner  of  Seventh  Avenue  and  57th  Street,  is  11 
stories  (171  feet)  high,  of  rock-faced  Connecticut  brown-stone,  fire- 
proof, with  floors  and  roof  of  iron,  brick,  and  concrete,  all  rooms  fin- 
ished in  mahogany  or  ash,  electric  lights,  steam-heat,  Tiffany  stained 
glass,  etc.  The  main  entrance  is  said  to  be  the  finest  in  New  York, 
with  heavy  oaken  doors,  rare  marbles,  mosaic,  frescos,  and  stained 
glass,  furnished  by  the  LaFarge  Decorative  Art  Company. 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


87 


ISLANDS. 

Staten  Island,  at  the  mouth  of  the  harbor,  covers  nearly  60  square 
miles,  and  has  40,000  inhabitants,  two  railroads,  the  Sailors'  Snug 
Harbor  (near  New  Brighton),  the  summer-resorts  at  St.  George,  and 
the  great  fortifications  overlooking  the  Narrows.  People  call  it  "  the 
American  Isle  of  Wight,"  on  account  of  the  beauty  of  its  scenery  of 
hill  and  sea;  and  many  New-York  merchants  have  their  homes  here. 
It  was  the  Staaten  Eylandt  of  the  Dutch,  and  is  a  county  of  New 
York.  Ferry-boats  leave  Whitehall  every  half-hour  or  so,  for  St. 
George.  ..Fare,  ten  cents.  It  has  along  part  of  its  length  the  Staten- 
Island  Railroad,  which  is  a  connecting  chain  of  many  very  attractive 
villages,  where  are  to  be  seen  hundreds  of  remarkably  pretty  homes. 
Here  George  William  Curtis  has  lived  many  years. 

David's  Island,  off  New  Rochelle,  was  made  an  army  hospital  in 
1861,  and  a  depot  for  recruits  in  1869.  It  is  now  a  sort  of  school  for 
company-cooks  for  the  American  army. 

Hart  s  Island,  off  Pelham  Neck,  is  the  site  of  city  hospitals  and 
workhouses,  and  of  the  Potter's  Field,  where  over  2,000  pauper  and 
unknown  dead  are  buried  every  year. 

Ward's  Island,  near  Hell  Gate,  has  200  acres,  with  fine  old  forests, 
and  the  State  Emigrant  Hospital,  House  of  Refuge,  Lunatic  Hospital, 
Homoeopathic  Hospital,  Soldiers'  Home,  etc.,  a  group  of  costly  build- 
ings, attractively  embowered  in  foliage,  and  looking  out  on  wide  lawns. 

Bedloe's  Island,  2  miles  from  the  Battery,  covers  13^  acres,  and  has 
the  obsolete  works  of  Fort  Wool,  with  a  small  garrison  of  artillerists, 
and  the  Bartholdi  statue  of  Liberty. 

Ellis  Island,  i\  miles  from  the  Battery,  is  now  the  landing  place  for 
emigrants.    It  contains  the  ancient  bulwarks  of  Fort  Gibson. 


88 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


Randall's  Island  covers  100  acres,  where  the  Harlem  River  enters 
the  East  River,  and  has  2,500  inhabitants,  mostly  destitute  children 
in  the  House  of  Refuge,  Children's  Hospital,  Nursery,  and  other  vast 
and  handsome  brick  buildings,  where  they  are  instructed  in  work  and 
study  by  the  paternal  city. 

Black well s  Island,  in  the  East  River,  covers  120  acres,  and  is  occu- 
pied by  vast  and  imposing  prisons  and  asylums,  built  by  the  convicts 
from  stone  quarried  on  the  island.  At  the  south  end  is  the  Charity 
Hospital,  with  1,200  beds  and  24  skilful  house-physicians.  Next 
comes  the  great  Penitentiary,  where  1,200  unfortunate  criminals  are 
kept  under  guard.  It  has  a  battlemented  roof  and  towers,  and  is  built 
of  granite  and  iron.  More  than  half  of  the  prisoners  are  foreigners. 
Farther  north  are  the  two  great  Almshouses,  one  for  each  sex,  with 
high  verandas  and  pleasant  grounds.  Farther  up  are  the  Workhouses, 
the  City  Lunatic-Asylum,  and  other  cancer-spots  of  modern  Manhat- 
tan. Visitors  must  get  a  pass  at  Third  Avenue  and  nth  Street,  and 
go  over  on  the  ferry  from  East  26th  Street. 

Governor's  Island  is  a  picturesque  ornament  of  the  inner  harbor, 
about  half  a  mile  from  the  Battery,  towards  Brooklyn.  It  is  the 
headquarters  of  the  Military  Department  of  the  Atlantic,  and  has 
forts  galore,  and  parks  of  guns,  magazines,  barracks,  and  a  beautiful 
parade-ground.  At  one  end  is  the  circular  three-story  stone  fortress 
of  Castle  William,  built  in  181 1,  and  at  one  time  a  prison  for  a 
thousand  Southern  soldiers  ;  and  near  the  centre  are  the  low  and 
massive  walls  of  the  star-shaped  Fort  Columbus.  There  are  grand 
old  trees  on  the  island,  the  museum  of  the  United  Service  Institution 
(including  Gen.  Sheridan's  famous  Winchester  horse,  mementos  of 
Washington,  Hogarth's  painting  implements,  and  souvenirs  of 
Indian,  East-Indian,  and  Secession  wars),  and  the  Chapel  of  Cor- 
nelius the  Centurion.    Steamboats  run  hourly  from  the  Battery. 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


89 


COMMERCIAL  BUILDINGS. 

A  few  years  ago,  if  a  man  wished  to  become  a  hermit,  he  would 
take  an  office  on  the  fourth  or  fifth  story  of  a  building.  No  one 
would  ascend  to  such  dizzy  heights,  save  an  occasional  daring  book- 
agent  or  advertising  solicitor,  who,  when  he  got  there,  would  be  too 
short  of  breath  to  explain  his  mission,  or  offer  more  than  the  feeblest 
opposition  to  his  ejectment.  The  introduction  of  the  passenger  ele- 
vator has  revolutionized  this,  and  led  to  the  construction  of  immensely 
lofty  buildings  for  business  purposes.  Now  the  greater  the  altitude, 
the  more  desirable  the  accommodation.  An  office  upon  the  tenth  or 
twelfth  story  of  one  of  these  buildings  is  light,  cool,  airy,  and  quiet, 
and  as  easy  of  access  as  if  nearer  the  ground. 

Equitable  Building  on  Broadway,  between  Cedar  and  Pine  Streets, 
was  finished  in  1887,  and  is  a  mountainous  pile  of  Quincy  granite, 
solid  and  fireproof  as  a  rock,  and  with  four  imposing  facades, 
abounding  in  pillars  and  carvings.  The  high-arched  Broadway  en- 
trance, 22  feet  wide,  leads  to  the  finest  court-yard  in  America,  100  by 
44  feet  in  area,  with  a  tessellated  pavement,  from  which  rise  lines  of 
rose-colored  marble  columns  with  onyx  capitals,  upholding  an  entab- 
lature of  polished  red  granite,  above  which  is  a  finely  arched  roof  of 
stained  glass  and  polished  marble.  The  building  fronts  for  167I  feet 
on  Broadway,  and  cost  $8,000,000. 

Mutual  Life-Insurance  Building  is  165  feet  high,  fireproof,  rich  in 
marble,  wrought-iron  work,  mahogany,  Whittier  elevators,  and  other 
modern  architectural  luxuries,  and  costing  not  far  from  $2,000,000. 

Washington  Building,  on  Broadway,  Battery  Place,  and  Greenwich 
Street,  built  by  the  great  financier,  Cyrus  W.  Field.  It  is  twelve 
stories  high,  and  the  great  observatory-tower  reaches  an  altitude  of 
235  feet  from  the  pavement.  The  top  of  the  flag-staff  is  higher  than 
Trinity  spire  or  the  Liberty  statue.  The  view  from  the  tower  is  the 
finest  in  the  city,  —  one  of  the  finest  in  the  world. 


go 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


Mills  Building,  on  Broad  Street,  is  a  vast  structure,  forming  three 
sides  of  a  court-yard.    It  cost  $2,700,000. 

United  Bank  Building,  at  Broadway  and  Wall  Street,  the  "  Fort 
Sherman "  of  the  financiers,  contains  the  offices  once  occupied  by 
Gen.  Grant.  Here  Ferdinand  Ward  concocced  his  vast  and  historic 
swindles. 

Standard  Oil  Company's  Building,  on  Broadway,  is  the  largest  marble 
structure  in  New  York.    Here  is  the  office  of  William  Rockafer.er. 

Drexel  Building,  at  Broad  and  Wall  Streets,  is  of  white  marble,  in 
Renaissance  architecture,  and  cost  $700,000. 

Aldrich  Court,  on  Broadway,  opposite  Exchange  Place,  is  another 
lofty  palace  of  trade.  It  was  finished  in  1887,  and  contains  300  offices, 
lighted  at  night  by  2,600  Edison  incandescent  lights,  and  reached  by 
four  Otis  elevators.    It  is  built  around  a  court-yard,  50  by  70  feet. 

Manhattan  Bank  Building,  on  Wall  Street,  near  Broad  Street,  is  of 
polished  gray  granite,  and  is  one  of  the  finest  structures  in  the  city. 
It  was  finished  in  1885,  and  is  occupied  by  banks,  lawyers,  etc. 

Trinity  Building,  on  one  of  the  Broadway  sides  of  Trinity  Church- 
yard, is  a  vast  hive  of  lawyers,  real-estate  dealers,  etc. 

Boreel  Building  is  an  immense  brick  structure,  filled  with  offices, 
largely  of  famous  and  powerful  insurance  companies. 

Western  Union  Telegraph  Building,  at  Dey  Street  and  Broadway,  is 
of  brick,  granite,  and  marble,  eight  stories  high,  with  a  tall  tower. 

Temple  Court  is  a  huge  building  160  feet  high,  erected  at  a  cost  of 
$1, 20c, 000,  and  belonging  to  the  estate  of  Eugene  Kelly.  This  is 
one  of  an  amazing  group  of  buildings  at  Nassau  and  Beekman  Streets. 

Potter  Building,  on  the  opposite  corner,  with  fronts  on  Printing- 
house  Square,  Nassau  and  Beekman  Streets,  is  of  iron  and  brick, 
185  feet  high,  and  cost  $2,500,000. 

Morse  Building,  Nassau  and  Beekman  Streets,  ten  stories  (165 
feet)  high,  is  of  red  and  black  brick,  and  belongs  to  the  son  and 
nephew  of  Professor  S.  F.  B.  Morse.    It  is  fireproof  and  massive. 

Stewart  Building,  at  Broadway  and  Chambers  Street,  of  white 
•marble,  occupies  the  site  of  the  ancient  negro  burying-ground,  and 
afterward  of  Washington  Hall.    It  was  erected  for  A.  T.  Stewart. 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


91 


HOSPITALS,  DISPENSARIES,  HOMES,  Etc. 

All  over  the  city,  there  are  hospitals  and  dispensaries,  where  the 
sick  and  ailing  are  treated  and  cared  for.  If  the  patient  is  poor,  no 
charge  is  made :  if  able,  he  is  expected  to  pay  a  moderate  sum.  The 
list  is  so  great  that  we  shall  mention  but  a  few,  and  then  must  refer 
the  reader  interested  in  such  matters  to  the  list  in  the  City  Directory. 
New  York  is  peculiarly  blessed  in  this  most  noble  form  of  charity ; 
and  any  one  who  is  sick  or  ailing,  however  poor,  will  be  cared  for  at 
one  of  these  institutions.  Even  the  dumb  animals  are  provided  for : 
there  are  two  hospitals  in  the  city  where  poor  people  may  have  their 
domestic  animals  doctored  free,  and  where  there  are  accommoda- 
tions for  sick  horses  and  dogs. 

In  many  of  the  hospitals,  for  $5,000  the  donor  and  his  successors 
have  the  privilege  of  nominating  the  occupant  of  a  bed  for  all  time. 
Frequently  a  bed  is  thus  endowed  in  memory  of  some  dead  friend  or 
relative,  whose  name  it  bears.  Such  a  monument  is  more  beautiful 
and  enduring  than  any  work  of  the  sculptor's  chisel. 

There  are  also  a  great  number  of  benevolent  societies  for  the  care 
of  the  blind,  deaf  and  dumb,  insane,  aged,  orphaned,  indigent  poor 
and  friendless,  of  every  sort  and  description.  Many  millions  are  an- 
nually spent  on  these  charities. 

Bloomingdale  Asylum  for  the  Insane,  once  at  Boulevard  and  117th 
Street,  on  Washington  Heights,  but  now  removed  to  White  Plains, 
occupied  a  palatial  brown-stone  building,  erected  mainly  in  1S21.  It 
is  still  a  place  of  interest  for  strangers. 

Institution  for  the  Deaf  and  Dumb,  at  Fanwood  (1626.  Street),  Wash- 
ington Heights,  is  richly  endowed,  and  has  37  acres  of  grounds.  It 
was  founded  in  1816,  and  educates  250  pupils,  the  course  being  § 
years.    Open  daily,  1.30  to  4  p.m. 

Institution  for  the  Blind,  at  Ninth  Avenue  and  West  34th  Street, 
has  a  granite  Gothic  building.    It  was  founded  in  183 1.    Blind  chil- 


92 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


dren  are  educated  here,  in  letters  and  useful  arts.  Open  to  visitors, 
i  to  6  p.m.  daily. 

New-York  Hospital  (15th  Street,  near  Fifth  Avenue)  is  a  great, 
many-balconied,  brick  building,  with  ornamental  Gothic  gables.  The 
institution  was  founded  by  the  Earl  of  Dunmore,  in  177 1  ;  and  its 
ancient  seat,  between  Duane  and  Church  Streets  and  Broadway,  was 
vacated  in  1870,  the  present  building  being  opened  in  1877.  Ward 
patients  pay  $1  a  day. 

St.  Luke's  Hospital,  at  Amsterdam  Avenue  and  113th  Street,  was 
founded  in  1850  by  the  Rev.  W.  A.  Muhlenberg,  and  has  an  oblong 
parallelogram  of  buildings,  with  wings,  and  a  central  chapel  flanked 
with  towers.  It  is  attended  by  Episcopal  nuns,  and  the  form  of  wor- 
ship is  Episcopalian  ;  but  patients  are  received  without  regard  to  sect. 

Orphan  Asylum,  at  Riverside  Park,  was  founded  about  1807,  in  a 
small  hired  house  below  City-hall  Park.  Its  property  is  now  worth 
$1,000,000,  and  200  orphans  are  in  its  charge. 

Mount  Sinai  Hospital,  at  Lexington  Avenue  and  East  66th  Street, 
is  a  noble  Elizabethan  pile  of  brick  and  marble,  admirably  equipped, 
with  nearly  200  free  beds.  It  cost  $340,000,  and  was  erected  by  Jewish 
New-Yorkers,  but  is  non-sectarian. 

Presbyterian  Hospital,  at  Madison  Avenue  and  East  70th  Street, 
founded  by  James  Lenox,  who  also  established  the  magnificent  Lenox 
Library,  is  a  handsome  Gothic  building,  dating  from  1872. 

Cancer  Hospital,  The  New  York  (there  is  but  one  other  in  the  world), 
is  on  Eighth  Avenue,  near  105th  Street.  It  was  founded  in  1884,  with 
an  endowment  of  $200,000  from  John  Jacob  Astor,  $50,000  from  Mrs. 
Gen.  Cullom,  and  $25,000  each  from  Mrs.  Astor,  Mrs.  R.  L.  Stuart,  and 
Mrs.  C.  H.  Rogers. 

Old  Ladies'  Home,  of  the  Baptist  Church,  on  68th  Street,  near 
Fourth  Avenue,  is  a  spacious  semi-Gothic  building  in  the  form  of  the 
letter  H. 

Roosevelt  Hospital,  at  Ninth  Avenue  and  59th  Street,  richly  en- 
dowed by  the  late  James  H.  Roosevelt,  is  an  admirably  arranged  and 
spacious  pavilion  hospital,  opened  in  187 1,  and  accommodating  180 
patients. 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


93 


Among  the  other  beneficent  institutions  of  New  York  are,— • 
Actors'  Fund,  12  West  28th  Street. 
American  Dramatic-Fund,  1267  Broadway. 
American  Veterinary  Hospital,  141  West  54th  Street. 
Artists'  Fund  Society,  6  Astor  Place. 

Association  for  Befriending  Children  and  Young  Girls,  136  Second 
Avenue.    Catholic,  for  200  vagrants. 

Association  for  the  Improved  Instruction  of  Deaf-Mutes,  Lexing- 
ton Avenue  and  67th  Street. 

Association  for  the  Relief  of  Respectable  Aged  Indigent  Females, 
Tenth  Avenue  and  104th  Street.    Founded  18 14. 

Asylum  for  Lying-in  Women,  139  Second  Avenue.  Founded 
1823. 

Asylum  of  St.  Vincent  de  Paul,  215  Wert  39th  Street.  For  150 
orphans. 

Baptist  Home  for  Aged  Persons,  Fourth  Avenue  and  68th  Street. 
Bethany  Institute  for  Woman's  Christian  Work,  69  Second  Avenue. 
Bible  and  Fruit  Mission,  East  26th  Street. 
Bread  and  Beef  House,  139  West  48th  Street. 
Catholic  Protectory,  at  Fordham. 
Chambers-Street  Hospital,  160  Chambers  wStreet. 
Chapin  Home  for  the  Aged  and  Infirm,  151  East  66th  Street. 
Charity  Organization  Society,  105  East  22d  Street. 
Children's  Aid  Society,  105  East  22d  Street. 
City  Mission  Society,  105  East  22d  Street. 
Colored  Home  and  Hospital,  First  Avenue  and  65th  Street. 
Colored  Orphan  Asylum,  Tenth  Avenue  and  143d  Street.  30c 
beneficiaries.    Founded  1837. 

Day  Nursery  and  Babies'  Shelter,  118  West  21st  Street. 

Emergency  Hospital,  223  East  26th  Street. 

Female  Assistance  Society,  288  Madison  Avenue. 

Five-Points  House  of  Industry,  155  Worth  Street. 

Five-Points  Mission,  61  Park  Street. 

Foundling  Asylum,  68th  Street,  near  Third  Avenue. 

Free  Home  for  Destitute  Young  Girls,  23  East  nth  Street. 


94 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


Friends'  Employment  Society,  Rutherford  Place. 
Grace  Memorial  House,  94  Fourth  Avenue. 

Hahnemann  Homoeopathic  Hospital,  Fourth  Avenue,  near  East 
67th  Street. 

Harlem  Hospital,  27  West  124th  Street. 

Hebrew  Benevolent  and  Orphan  Asylum  Society,  Tenth  Avenue 
and  West  136th  Street. 

Home  for  Aged  Hebrews,  105th  Street,  near  Tenth  Avenue. 

Home  for  Aged  Men  and  Women,  106th  Street,  near  Ninth  Avenue. 

Home  for  Colored  Aged,  foot  of  East  65th  Street. 

Home  for  Convalescent,  433  East  118th  Street. 

Home  for  Deaf-Mutes,  220  East  13th  Street. 

Home  for  Fallen  and  Friendless  Girls,  49  West  4th  Street. 

Home  for  Incurables,  Fordham  Avenue  and  East  i82d  Street. 

Home  for  Inebriates,  Madison  Avenue  and  86th  Street. 

Home  for  Mothers  and  Infants,  Tenth  Avenue  and  West  61  st 
Street. 

Home' for  Old  Men  and  Aged  Couples,  487  Hudson  Street. 
Home  for  Sailors,  190  Cherry  Street. 

Home  for  the  Aged  Poor,  231  West  38th  Street,  and  179  East  70th 
Street. 

Home  for  the  Friendless,  32  East  30th  Street. 

Home  for  Women,  273  Water  Street,  260  Greene  Street. 

Home  of  Industry  for  Reformed  Men,  40  East  Houston  Street. 

Hospital  New-York  College  of  Veterinary  Surgeons,  East  58th 
Street,  near  Fifth  Avenue. 

Hospital  for  Ruptured  and  Crippled,  Lexington  Avenue  and  42d 
Street. 

House  of  Industry,  120  West  16th  Street,  for  females  only. 

House  of  Mercy,  West  86th  Street. 

House  of  Rest  for  Consumptives,  at  Fordham. 

House  of  the  Good  Shepherd,  East  89th  Street. 

Howard  Mission,  40  New  Bowery. 

Infant  Asylum,  Tenth  Avenue  and  East  61st  Street. 

Institution  for  the  Blind,  Ninth  Avenue  and  34th  Street 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


95 


Institution  for  the  Deaf  and  Dumb,  Tenth  Avenue  and  i62d  Street 

Institution  of  Mercy,  33  East  Houston  Street. 

Juvenile  Asylum,  Tenth  Avenue  and  176th  Street. 

Ladies'  Helping  Hand  Association,  160  West  29th  Street. 

Leake  and  Watts  Orphan  House,  Ninth  Avenue  and  111th  Street. 

Magdalen  Asylum,  88th  Street,  near  Fifth  Avenue. 

Manhattan  Eye  and  Ear  Hospital,  103  Park  Avenue. 

Masonic  Board  of  Relief,  Masonic  Temple. 

Medical  Mission,  118  East  45th  Street. 

Methodist-Episcopal  Home,  West  92d  Street  and  Tenth  Avenue. 
For  aged  and  infirm. 

Metropolitan  Throat  Hospital,  351  West  34th  Street. 

Midnight  Mission,  260  Greene  Street.    For  fallen  women. 

New- York  Eye  and  Ear  Infirmary,  Second  Avenue  and  13th  Street. 

New-York  Infirmary  for  Women  and  Children,  5  Livingston  Place. 

New-York  Ophthalmic  Hospital,  201  East  23d  Street. 

Nursery  and  Child's  Hospital,  Lexington  Avenue  and  51st  Street. 

Olivet  Helping  Hand,  63  2d  Street. 

Orphan  Asylum  (Catholic),  Fifth  Avenue  and  Madison  Avenue, 
between  51st  and  52d  Streets.    1.200  children. 

Orphan's  Home  (Episcopal),  49th  Street,  near  Lexington  Avenue. 

Peabody  Home  for  Aged  Women,  2064  Boston  Road. 

Presbyterian  Home  for  Aged  Women,  73d  Street,  near  Madison 
Avenue. 

St.  Barnabas  Home,  304  Mulberry  Street. 
St.  Elizabeth  Hospital,  225  West  31st  Street. 
St.  Francis  Hospital,  605  5th  Street. 
St.  John's  Guild,  501  Fifth  Avenue. 

St.  Joseph's  Orphan  Asylum,  Avenue  A  and  89th  Street. 
State  Charities  Aid  Association,  105  East  22d  Street. 
Trinity  Hospital,  50  Varick  Street. 

Women's  Christian  Temperance  Home,  440  East  57th  Street. 
Women's  Hospital,  Fourth  Avenue  and  49th  Street. 
Young  Women's  Home.  27  Washington  Square 


96 


A  STROLL  UP  FIFTH  AVENUE. 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


Fifth  Avenue  is  the  Belgravia  of  the  American  metropolis, 

the  centre  of  its  fashion  and  splendor,  the  home  of  its  merchant  1 
princes.    It  is  at  its  best  on  a  pleasant  Sunday,  at  the  time  when 

the  churches  are  out ;  or  on  a  bright  afternoon,  when  its  long  lines  'r 

of  carriages  are  rumbling  away  towards  the  Park.    The  scene  of  a 

beauty  and  animation  then  presented  is  unequalled  in  America  (or  ^ 

in  Europe  or  Asia,  for  that  matter) ;  and  in  the  perfect  costumes  of  ^ 

the  promenaders,  the  dignity  of  the  equipages,  the  variety  and  beauty  0 

of  the  domestic  and  ecclesiastical  architecture,  affords  numberless  ^ 

objects  of  interest  for  the  amazed  and  delighted  provincial  phi-  ■ 

losopher.  P 

Here,  on  every  side,  are  gorgeous  club-houses,  churches  notable  for  N  c 

their  beauty,  and  a  domestic  architecture  of  rare  variety  and  comfort,  ^ 

with  picture-galleries,  and  rich  porticos,  and  long  vistas  of  Connect)-  t: 

cut  brown-stone  palaces,  the  homes  of  incalculable  wealth  and  splen-  11 

dor.    From  its  beginning  in  Washington  Square,  the  avenue  traverses  n 

miles  of  a  palatial  residence-quarter,  until  it  reaches  Central  Park,  1 

and  passes  on,  a  league  beyond,  into  the  suburban  life  of  Harlem.  > 

In  taKing  a  stroll  up  Fifth  Avenue,  of  about  a  league,  one  should  y 
be  accompanied  by  a  herald  king-at-arms,  a  mercantile  register,  an 

elite  directory,  and  a  wise  old  club-man  with  his  stores  of  personal  ii 

and  family  gossip.  In  default  of  these,  we  have  strung  together  here  t 
a  few  items  of  interest,  which  may  interest  the  passing  tourist. 

The  blue  omnibuses  of  the  Fifth-avenue  Transportation  Company.  Ii 
limited,  run  at  frequent  intervals  from  Bleecker  Street  up  South  Fifth 

Avenue,  across  Washington  Square,  and  along  the  avenue  to  89th  si 
Street  (fare,  5  cents). 

Washington  Square,  where  Fifth  Avenue  begins,  is  a  park  of  nine 
acres,  occupying  the  mournful  site  of  the  old  Potter's  Field,  wherein 

more  than  100,000  human  bodies  were  buried.    On  its  east  side  is  the  \ 

white-stone  Gothic  building  of  the  University  of  the  City  of  New  York,  j. 


Hoiv  to  Know  New  York. 


97 


with  800  students  and  64  instructors.  It  is  described  by  Theodore 
Winthrop  in  his  brilliant  novel  of  "Cecil  Dreeme."  On  and  near  the 
square  dwell  Charles  DeKay,  the  poet;  the  famous  saltatory  Kiralfy 
family;  Augustus  St.  Gaudens,  the  sculptor;  the  De  Navarro  fami- 
lies, Walter  Shirlaw  ;  Gaston  L.  Feuardent,  the  antiquary;  and  other 
notable  persons. 

At  No.  1,  tne  first  house  on  the  right,  as  the  avenue  leaves  Wash- 
ington Square,  lives  William  Butler  Duncan ;  and  on  the  other  side, 
at  6  and  8,  are  the  Lispenard  Stewarts,  and  John  Taylor  Johnston,  the 
famous  art-connoisseur.  Beyond  Clinton  Place  is  the  aristocratic 
Brevoort  House,  a  favorite  with  English  tourists  and  me-luds ;  and 
opposite  is  the  Berkeley,  where  Theodore  Thomas  and  many  others 
dwell.  Beyond  9th  Sheet,  at  No.  23,  lives  Gen.  Daniel  E.  Sickles. 
At  10th  Street  is  the  brown-stone  Church  of  the  Ascension  (Episco- 
pal), with  the  Grosvenor  opposite.  The  First  Presbyterian  Church 
comes  next,  with  the  Minturn  and  Talbot  mansions  beyond.  At  14th 
Street  we  see  the  busy  precincts  of  Union  Square,  to  the  right,  and 
traverse  a  region  of  brilliant  shops.  Many  changes  have  taken  place 
in  this  vicinity.  Many  residents  of  the  lower  Fifth  Avenue  have 
moved  farther  uptown,  and  their  old  houses  have  been  replaced  by 
tall  office  buildings  and  shops.  The  tendency  of  business  houses  to 
follow  the  march  northward  is  well  illustrated  here.  Within  a  few 
years  the  book  trade  has  taken  possession  of  Fifth  Avenue  below  23d 
Street.  Every  few  months  another  publishing  house  announces  its 
intention  of  joining  the  upward  march.  Across  Union  Square,  109 
East  15th  Street,  is  the  former  house  of  the  famous  Century  Associ- 
ation, a  literary,  artistic,  and  aesthetic  club,  with  600  members,  a  large 
library,  and  a  picture-gallery.  On  West  15th  Street  are  the  spacious 
buildings  of  the  College  of  St.  Francis  Xavier,  with  nearly  500 
students,  and  a  library  of  20,000  volumes.  On  West  16th  Street  is  the 
tall  New-York  Hospital,  chartered  by  King  George  III.  in  1771. 

At  the  farther  right  corner  of  16th  Street  formerly  lived  Levi  P. 
Morton  (No.  85),  and  Col.  Robert  G.  Ingersoll  lived  at  No.  89.  At 
No.  103  is  the  home  of  Edwards  Pierrepont,  long  time  Minister  to 
England.    At  No.  118  live  the  New-York  Winthrops.    At  18th  Street 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


is  the  rich  and  ornate  Chickering  Hall,  devoted  to  musical  entertain-  I  be 

ments  and  opposite,  at  No.  109,  is  August  Belmont's  estate,  where  I  w 
also  dwells  the  Hon.  Perry  Belmont,  a  well-known  Congressman.  On 

the  opposite  corner,  at  No.  107,  is  the  mansion  of  Mrs.  Marshall  O.  j  tfc 

Roberts,  one  of  the  grand  dames  of  New- York  society.    On  the  21st-  3; 

street  corner  is  the  great  brown-stone  building  of  the  patrician  Union  I  \ 

Club,  founded  in  1836,  and  with  over  1,000  members.    The  entrance-  .  |]j 

fee  is  $300,  and  yearly  dues  $75.    Clarence  A.  Seward,  the  gifted  son  \ 

of  William  H.  Seward,  lives  at  No.  143.  Xo.  147  (corner  of  East  \  ai 
21st  Street)  was  the  Lotos  Club's  comfortable  brown-stone  building, 

with  500  members,  where  famous  monthly  art-receptions  and  ladies'  1  i\ 

days  were  held.     Here  lived  the  veteran  world-traveller,  Col.  Thomas  cx 

W.  Knox.     Here,  also,  were  given  many  of  the  Bohemian  entertain-  te< 

ments  that  made  the  club  famous  throughout  the  world.    An  office  (] 

building  now  occupies  the  old  site.    Now  the  avenue  cuts  obliquely  ;i  ,or 

across  Broadway,  with  the  brilliant  vistas  of  Madison  Square  on  the  Jc 

right,  passing  the  enormous  white-marble  Fifth-avenue   Hotel,  the  .  er 

home  at  one  time  or  another  of  (  Jen.  W.  T.  Sherman,   Ex-Senator  \  J, 

Piatt,  William  J.  Florence,  and  other  notable  persons.     On  the  next  ]\ 

block  is  the  Hoffman  House,  famous  for  its  interior  decorations  and  I  at 

magnificent  barroom.    At  25th  Street  is  the  old  home  of  the  fashion-  i  ca 

able  New- York  Club.    At  the  corner  of  West  26th  Street  is  Del-  te 

monico's  old  restaurant,  with  Hotel  Brunswick  opposite.  t 

At  West  27th  Street  is  the  immense  and  lofty  Victoria  Hotel,  ] 

towering  high  above  the  surrounding  buildings.  At  Fifth  Avenue  in 
and  28th  Street  (No.  247)  was  the  home  of  the  late  Professor  E.  L. 

Youmans,  editor  of  the  "  Popular  Science  Monthly,"  and  author  of  c: 

many  famous  scientific  books.     No.  244  was  the  home  of  the  famous  c; 

Mrs.  Paran  Stevens,  and  at  No.  9  West  29th  Street  lived  Ex-Senator  »S< 
Roscoe  Conkling,  one  of  the  great  legal  luminaries  and  orators  of 

New  York.  n 

On  the  next  block  is  the  great  and  costly  Knickerbocker.  The  N 
great  double  house,  No.  259,  is  Mrs.  Josephine  May's,  and  belonged 

to  her  father,  the  late  George  Law,  millionnaire  and  financier.  At  No.  ti: 

261  (corner  of  East  29th  Street)  dwells  Gen.  George  W.  Cullom,  S 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


99 


-  beyond  the  Hamersley  mansions.  At  West  29th  Street  appears  the 
I  white  granite  temple  of  the  Fifth-avenue  Reformed  Church  ;  and  a 
j  little  way  to  the  right  (on  29th  Street)  is  the  picturesque  Church  of 
jthe  Transfiguration  (Episcopal),  generally  and  affectionately  known 
I  as  "  The  Little  Church  around*  the  Corner,"  wherefrom  many  actors 
!  have  been  buried.  The  bit  of  green  lawn,  overarching  trees,  and  man- 
tling of  ivy,  make  this  a  charming  oasis  in  the  surrounding  desert  of 
1  brick  and  stone.  The  corner  of  30th  Street  is  marked  by  the  new 
!  and  attractive  hotel,  "  Holland  House." 

The  towering  Gilsey  House  rises  to  the  left,  on  West  30th  Street. 
At  No.  319  (corner  of  East  32d  Street)  stands  the  new  house  of  the 
exclusive  Knickerbocker  Club,  which  includes  many  well-known  devo- 
tees of  coaching  and  polo.  Its  entrance-fee  is  $300,  annual  dues 
$100.  Between  West  32d  and  West  33d  Streets  (Nos.  338  and  350), 
once  huge  brick  mansions  of  the  hundred-millionnaire  brothers, — 
John  Jacob  Astor  and  William  Astor, — a  superb  hotel  has  been 
erected.  On  the  next  corner,  at  No.  374,  is  the  town-house  of  Mrs. 
\.  Coleman  Drayton,  one  of  the  Astor  daughters.  At  the  corner  of 
West  34th  Street  is  the  great  Italian  palace  of  white  marble,  erected 
at  a  cost  of  $2,000,000  by  the  late  A.  T.  Stewart,  a  Belfast  lad,  who 
came  to  America  in  1818,  and  began  life  in  New  York  as  an  assistant 
teacher,  then  opened  a  small  shop  for  trimmings,  and  in  time  became 
the  most  successful  merchant  in  the  world,  so  that  when  he  died  (in 
1876),  he  left  $40,000,000.  Mrs.  Stewart  lived  here  until  her  death, 
in  t886.  Alongside  the  Stewart  place,  the  only  other  house  on  the 
block,  is  the  great  old  Astor  mansion,  which,  after  a  strangely 
checkered  career,  has  been  leased  by  the  New-York  Club,  to  be  dedi- 
cated to  their  joyous  uses.  The  old  home  of  the  club  was  in  Madison 
Square,  north  of  the  Worth  monument. 

1  Between  West  35th  Street  and  West  36th  Streets  live  the  Ker~ 
nochans  (No.  384),  and  Gen.  Daniel  Butterfield  (No.  386);  and  at 
No.  389  (between  East  36th  and  37th  Streets)  is  Pierre  Lorillard's 
home.  The  fashionable  Christ  Church  (Episcopal),  famous  for  its 
fine  music  and  beautiful  frescos,  is  on  the  corner  of  West  35th 
Street;  and  the  Brick  Church  (Presbyterian)  rises  at  the  corner  of 


IOO 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


West  37th  Street.  At  the  old  home  of  Gov.  E.  D.  Morgan,  No. 
415  (between  East  37th  and  38th  Streets),  is  the  St.  Nicholas  Club, 
composed  exclusively  of  gentlemen  of  the  oldest  Knickerbocker 
families,  —  the  Remsens,  De  Peysters,  Rhinelanders,  Roosevelts,  etc. 
At  No.  425  (beyond  East  38th  Street)  is  the  home  of  Austin  Corbin, 
•the  railway  king  ;  at  No.  429  that  of  the  late  Henry  Bergh,  the  friend 
of  suffering  animals  ;  at  No.  459  (beyond  East  39th  Street)  that  of 
Frederick  W.  Vanderbilt. 

The  lofty  and  quaint  Union  League  Club-house  is  at  the  corner  of 
Fifth  Avenue  and  East  39th  Street,  with  its  conspicuous  gables  and 
huge  roof.  From  West  40th  to  42d  Street  extends  the  Distributing 
Reservoir  of  the  Croton  Water- Works,  crowning  the  summit  of 
Murray  Hill,  115  feet  above  tide-water,  covering  4  acres,  and  holding 
23,000,000  gallons  of  water.  It  is  a  massive  structure  in  Egyptian 
architecture,  44  feet  high,  and  420  feet  square.  It  is  now  in  process 
of  demolition,  to  make  way  for  the  new  Public  Library.  Back  of  it  is 
the  pleasant  Bryant  Park,  on  which  the  famous  Crystal  Palace  stood, 
thirty  years  or  more  ago.  Opposite,  on  Fifth  Avenue,  are  the  tall  art- 
furniture  buildings  of  Ball,  Graves  and  others,  the  massive  American 
Safe-Deposit  building,  and  a  few  quaint  dwellings,  the  remnants  of 
the  old-time  block  of  yellow  Gothic  houses  (one  of  them  still  occupied 
by  Mrs.  Lucian  B.  Chase),  in  part  of  which  was  the  famous  Rutgers 
Female  College.  Next  the  avenue  crosses  42d  Street,  which  runs  to 
the  left  to  the  Weehawken  Ferry,  and  to  the  right  to  the  Grand  Cen- 
tral Depot,  and  the  Grand  Union  Hotel,  our  comfortable  headquarters 
in  New  York. 

On  the  left  corner  of  Fifth  Avenue  and  42d  Street  is  the  lofty  stone 
Hotel  Bristol,  with  Russell  Sage's  house  next  door  (No.  406),  and 
opposite  is  the  Hamilton.  At  the  corner  of  East  43d  Street  is  the 
Temple  Em  an  u- El,  the  great  Hebrew  synagogue,  perhaps  the  richest 
piece  of  Saracenic  architecture  in  America,  with  its  minaret-like  tow- 
ers, delicate  carvings,  Oriental  arches,  and  a  dazzlingly  brilliant  inte- 
rior. At  524  were  headquarters  of  the  Manhattan  Athletic  Club,  with 
its  luxurious  rooms,  and  finely  equipped  gymnasium.  At  44th  St.  is 
the  new  Delmonico's  and  the  hotel  of  Sherry,  the  famous  caterer.  At 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


IOI 


No.  532  is  Manton  Marble's  house,  and  No.  549  is  Thomas  T.  Eckert's 
home.  The  Universalist  Church  of  the  Divine  Paternity,  so  long  min- 
istered to  by  Dr.  Chapin,  stands  at  the  corner  of  West  45th  Street.  A 
little  way  to  the  right,  on  East  45th  Street,  are  the  homes  of  the  famous 
broker,  Washington  E.  Conner  (No.  14),  and  of  the  eloquent  Chauncy 
M.  Depew,  president  of  the  New-York  Central  Railroad  (No.  22), 
and  one  of  the  best  after-dinner  speakers  in  America.  At  No.  2  East 
46th  Street  is  the  mansion  of  Seligman,  the  well-known  financier. 
Nearly  opposite  the  Universalist  Church  is  the  narrow  and  richly 
carved  facade  of  the  Episcopal  Church  of  the  Heavenly  Rest,  whose 
interior  is  rich  in  polished  granite  pillars,  with  quaintly  carved  capi- 
tals, frescos  after  Fra  Angelico,  and  other  beautiful  adornments. 
The  great  Windsor  Hotel  extended  from  East  46th  tb  East  47th  Street, 
and  was  the  home  of  Andrew  Carnegie,  and  many  other  noted  men. 
Opposite,  at  No.  562,  dwells  Joseph  W.  Harper,  jun.,  of  the  famous 
publishing-house  ;  and  at  No.  574  are  the  rooms  of  the  American  Yacht 
Club,  famous  for  its  navy  of  costly  steam-yachts.  On  the  corner  beyond 
the  ruins  of  the  Windsor,  at  No.  579,  in  a  large  brown-stone  house, 
with  lanterns  in  front,  lived  Jay  Gould,  the  Napoleon  of  finance  ;  and 
at  the  other  end  of  the  block,  with  carved  stone  griffins  in  front,  is  the 
home  of  Robert  Goelet.  The  Goelet  estate  is  above  $20,000,000.  At 
No.  50  Wrest  47th  Street  lives  Joseph  H.  Choate,  lawyer  and  orator, 
and  one  of  the  greatest  after-dinner  speakers  of  this  age.  At  West 
48th  Street  is  the  ornate  and  high-spired  Collegiate  Dutch  Church, 
with  its  flying  buttresses,  carved  portals,  and  general  richness  of  de- 
tail ;  and  the  second  house  beyond  (No.  608)  pertains  to  Ogden  Goelet. 
At  the  corner  of  East  48th  Street  (No.  597)  was  the  home  of  Roswell 
P.  Flower,  eminent  in  latter-day  politics.  The  next  block,  from  East 
49th  to  50th  Street,  is  taken  up  largely  by  the  great  Buckingham 
Hotel,  a  quiet  and  expensive  family  hotel;  and  at  No.  615  lives  Eu- 
ward  S.  Jaffray,  the  dry-goods  merchant.  Opposite,  at  No.  624,  is  the 
house  of  the  late  John  Roach,  the  great  ship-builder. 

At  the  corner  of  50th  Street  rises  the  vast  Cathedral  of  St.  Pat-rick, 
described  in  the  chapter  on  Churches. 

At  No.  634,  opposite  the  Cathedral,  is  the  home  of  D.  O.  Mills, 


102 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


ex-senator  from  California,  and  father-in-law  of  Whitelaw  Reid,  of 
the  "Tribune."  Back  of  the  Cathedral  is  the  Florentine  palace  built 
by  Henry  Villard,  alongside  of  Columbia  College.  Beyond  the  Ca- 
thedral, on  Fifth  Avenue,  is  the  Roman-Catholic  Orphan  Asylum  for 
Boys,  on  high  ground,  with  the  Asylum  for  Orphan  Girls  behind  it. 
Between  West  51st  and  53d  Streets  are  the  magnificent  brown-stone 
palaces  of  the  Vanderbilt  family,  enriched  by  broad  bands  of  carved 
foliage,  and  superbly  furnished  and  decorated  inside.  No.  640  was 
the  home  of  Mrs.  William  H.  Vanderbilt,  and  642  is  the  home  of 
her  daughter,  Mrs.  William  D.  Sloane. 

Across  West  53d  Street  rises  the  handsome  white-stone  French 
chateau  of  William  K.  Vanderbilt,  rich  in  carvings  and  oriel-windows- 
The  author  of  "Recent  Architecture  in  America"  calls  this  "the 
most  beautiful  house  in  New  York  " 

Next  comes  the  beautiful  and  fashionable  Episcopal  Church  of 
St.  Thomas,  famous  for  society  weddings.  It  is  a  brown-stone  Gothic 
structure,  with  a  melodious  chime  of  bells,  and  famous  altar-paintings 
by  LaFarge.  Among  its  clergy  have  been  Bishops  Upfold  and  White- 
house,  and  the  Rev.  Dr.  F.  L.  Hawks.  Just  beyond,  on  the  same 
square,  are  the  picturesque  connected  mansions  of  Dr.  W.  S.  Webb 
and  Hamilton  McK.  Twombly,  who  married  daughters  of  William  H. 
Vanderbilt.  Between  East  52d  and  53d  Streets  is  the  Langham. 
Between  West  54th  and  55th  Streets  are  the  spacious  buildings  and 
grounds  of  St.  Luke's  Hospital  (open  to  visitors  from  10  to  12,  Tues- 
days, Thursdays,  and  Saturdays),  where  Episcopal  Sisters  of  the 
Holy  Communion  attend  the  sick,  without  regard  to  their  sect  or 
nation. 

In  this  vicinity  dwell  several  of  the  Standard-Oil  Company  mag- 
nates,—  Henry  M.  Flagler  at  No.  685,  William  Rockefeller  at  No. 
689,  etc. 

At  West  55th  Street  is  the  great  Presbyterian  Church  formerly 
under  Dr.  John  Hall's  ministration,  the  largest  church  of  that  sect  in 
the  world,  with  a  spire  that  is  a  landmark  for  a  great  distance.  No. 
724,  just  beyond  West  56th  Street,  is  the  home  of  R.  Fulton  Cutting, 
— a  very  handsome  piece  of  domestic  architecture.  At  the  lower  corner 


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How  to  Knoiv  New  York. 


of  West  57th  Street  is  the  handsome  house  built  and  some  time  occu- 
pied by  the  famous  Mrs.  Frederick  W.  Stevens,  the  immensely 
wealthy  heiress  of  Josiah  Sampson,  who  deserted  her  husband  after 
twenty  years  of  married  life,  and  in  1886  married  the  Marquis  de 
Talleyrand-Perigord,  in  Paris.  The  house  now  belongs  to  Secretary- 
of-the-Navy  Whitney.  On  the  other  corner  of  West  57th  Street  is 
the  superb  mansion  of  Cornelius  Vanderbilt. 

A  little  way  beyond  is  the  beginning  of  Central  Park,  which  forms 
one  side  of  the  avenue  for  over  two  miles  and  a  half.  The  other  side 
is  being  built  up  with  noble  mansions,  and  will  at  some  future  time  be 
the  most  beautiful  place  of  homes  in  America.  At  60th  Street  is  the 
beautiful  marble  home  of  the  Metropolitan  Club.  At  No.  3 10,  corner 
of  East  62d  Street,  is  the  town-house  of  William  Belden,  a  many- 
millionnaire,  who  defeated  Jay  Gould  in  the  famous  Black-Friday  finan- 
cial battle.  Opposite  East  64th  Street  is  the  old  Arsenal  and 
Menagerie.  Between  East  66th  and  67th  Streets  is  the  group  of 
houses  in  which  dwell  the  Soto  family  (No.  854),  and  Mrs.  de  Barrios 
(No.  855),  the  widow  of  the  famous  Central-American  statesman, 
killed  in  battle  a  few  years  ago.  No.  3  East  66th  Street  was  the  home 
of  the  late  Gen.  Ulysses  S.  Grant,  and  his  family  still  dwell  there. 
At  No.  871  is  the  mansion  of  Mrs.  Robert  L.  Stuart.  The  splendid 
Lenox  Library  extends  from  East  70th  Street  to  71st  Street. 

A  little  way  to  the  right  looms  up  the  lofty,  quaint,  and  picturesque 
gray  house  of  Charles  L.  Tiffany,  designed  by  McKim,  Mead,  and 
White,  with  its  mediaeval  portcullis,  red-marble  Moorish  stairway, 
teak-wood  doors,  blue-and-pearl  dining-room,  etc.  Here  also  dwells 
the  famous  railway  king,  Henry  Villard.  The  upper  floor,  under  the 
great,  dusky  tiled  roof,  is  a  vast  studio.  This  house  is  described  in 
the  "  Century  Magazine  "  for  February,  1886. 


S3 


io6 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


NEW  YORK  IN  SUMMER. 

EXCURSIONS  AND  ISLAND  RESORTS. 

Hot  nights  in  New  York  are  rare.  At  dusk,  on  the  warmest 
days  of  summer,  a  sea-breeze  springs  up,  which  makes  the  nights 
cool  and  delightful.  No  other  city  offers  such  an  endless  variety  ot 
excursions  on  river,  harbor,  bay,  and  ocean.  Completely  surrounded 
by  water,  at  the  mouth  of  the  magnificent  Hudson,  and  hard  by  th& 
broad  Atlantic,  New  York  offers  countless  attractions  to  those  in 
search  of  rest,  recreation,  and  health.  Every  day,  for  weeks,  some 
new  excursion  on  the  water  may  be  taken,  leaving  the  city  in  the 
morning,  and  returning  in  the  cool  of  the  evening.  The  city  hotels 
are  not  full  in  summer;  and  travellers  can  be  made  more  comfort* 
able  than  in  crowded  seaside  resorts,  and  at  much  less  cost. 

Space  will  permit  us  to  mention  only  a  few  of  the  excursions. 

The  Hudson  River.  —  First  and  foremost  among  the  pleasure  excur- 
sions is  a  trip  on  the  Hudson.  The  swift  and  splendid  steamers  ot 
the  Hudson-river  Day  Line  leave  the  foot  of  West  22d  Street  every 
morning  except  Sunday  during  the  season  at  9  o'clock,  arriving  at 
Albany  at  6.10  P.M.  The  best  way  to  reach  the  pier  from  the  Grand 
Union  Hotel,  is  to  take  the  Fourth-avenue  cars,  which  pass  the  door, 
to  23d  Street,  and  the  23d-street  cars  across  to  the  North  River.  On 
leaving  the  pier,  a  fine  view  of  New-York  City  and  harbor  is  obtained; 
while  on  the  opposite  shore  are  Jersey  City  and  Hoboken,  and  Wee 
hawken,  where  Alexander  Hamilton  was  killed  in  a  duel  with  Aaror 
Burr.  On  the  east  bank  may  soon  be  seen  the  tomb  of  Gen. 
Grant.  At  Fort  Washington  and  Fort  Lee  (ten  miles  up)  begins  the 
historic  part  of  the  river,  for  a  description  of  which  we  mus.  refer  the 
reader  to  some  more  assuming  work.  44  The  Hudson  by  Daylight," 
an  excellent  descriptive  guide  of  the  river,  for  sale  on  th .  boats,  is 
recommended.  The  "  Panoramic  View  of  the  Hudson  "  is  also  worth 
pur^ha>insr 


Hozv  to  Know  New  York.  l®7 


The  Palisades  on  the  west  bank  begin  here,  and  extend  up  the  river 
for  fifteen  or  twenty  miles.  They  are  bare,  precipitous  walls  of  rock, 
which  rise  abruptly  from  the  river  to  a  height  of  250  to  600  feet. 
Passing  Yonkers  on  the  right,  we  see  "  Greystone,"  the  residence  .of 
the  late  Samuel  J.  Tilden.  From  here  to  and  beyond  Tarrytown,  the 
east  bank  is  lined  with  palatial  residences.  At  Irvington,  on  the  right, 
we  catch  a  glimpse  of  Sunnyside,  where  Washington  Irving  lived. 
On  the  west  bank,  a  few  miles  above,  is  Tappan,  where  Andre  was 
executed.  On  the  east  bank  is  Lyndehnrst,  the  summer  home  of  Helen 
Gould ;  and  Tarrytown,  where  Major  Andre  was  captured.  A  mile 
above  Tarrytown  is  the  Old  Dutch  Church,  where  Washington  Irving 
is  buried.  At  Sing  Sing,  on  the  east  bank,  thirty-two  miles  from 
New  York,  the  State  Prison  is  located.  Soon  the  river  broadens  into 
a  bay  five  miles  wide,  at  the  northern  end  of  which,  on  the  west  bank, 
is  Stony  Point,  sometimes  known  as  "  Mad  Anthony's  Charge."  Hce 
Gen.  Anthony  Wayne,  in  the  dead  of  night,  with  a  handful  of  men, 
surprised  and  recaptured  the  British  lort  on  Stony  Point.  Readers 
of  Thackeray's  "  Virginians  "  will  remember  his  thrilling  account  of 
this  battle.  The  river  here  is  only  half  a  mile  wide.  On  the  east 
bank  is  Verplanck's  Point,  the  site  of  Fort  Lafayette,  where  Baron 
Steuben  drilled  soldiers  for  the  Revolutionary  army.  At  this  point 
the  river  appears  to  end.  On  the  west  bank  rises  the  Dnnderberg 
mountain,  made  famous  by  Irving ;  and  on  the  east  Anthony* s  Nose, 
over  1,200  feet  high;  and  between  the  two,  and  apparently  completely 
shutting  in  the  river,  lies  Iona  Island,  a  popular  excursion  resort. 
Rounding  this  island,  we  come  into  full  view  of  the  historic  Highlands 
of  the  Hudson.  On  the  west  bank  lies  West  Point,  where  visitors  may 
land,  and  visit  the  Military  Academy,  fort,  and  historic  spots.  Three 
delightful  hours  may  be  spent  here,  when  the  down-boat  from  Albany 
may  be  taken,  reaching  New  York  at  6  p.m.  If  visitors  prefer,  they 
may  keep  on  up  the  river,  passing  on  the  east  bank  Garrison's  and 
Storm  King,  the  highest  peak  of  the  Highlands,  to  Newburg,  where 
they  may  visit  Washington's  headquarters,  and  stand  upon  the  spot 
where  he  read  his  farewell  address  to  the  American  army.  One  hour 
and  a  half  may  be  spent  here,  before  the  arrival  of  the  down-boat 


10S  How  to  Know  Neiv  York. 

There  are  excellent  restaurants  on  the  steamers,  on  the  European 
plan.  Strangers  visiting  New  York  should  not  miss  this  trip,  which 
is  a  most  beautiful  and  interesting  one. 

Coney  Island,  five  miles  in  length,  is  about  ten  miles  from  the  New- 
York  City  Hall,  and  is  bounded  on  the  south  by  the  Atlantic  Ocean. 
It  is  divided  into  four  parts,  known  as  Norton's  Point  (which  is  little 
frequented),  West  Brighton,  Brighton,  and  Manhattan  Beach.  There 
are  various  rail  and  steamboat  routes  to  the  island  (see  daily  papers); 
but  perhaps  the  pleasantest  way  of  getting  there,  is  to  take  one  of  the 
Iron  Steamboat  Company's  vessels  from  the  foot  of  West  23d  Street, 
or  Pier  1,  North  River.  They  leave  hourly  during  the  season,  and  land 
at  the  Iron  Pier,  West  Brighton.  Excursion  tickets,  25  cents.  An 
other  good  route  is  to  take  steamer  from  foot  of  Whitehall  Street 
(South-ferry  Station,  Third-avenue  line)  to  Bay  Ridge,  and,  from  there, 
train  to  West  Brighton  or  Manhattan  Beach.  Excursion  tickets  35 
cents. 

Norton's  Point,  or  West  End,  is  the  secluded  portion  of  Coney  Island, 
and  a  visit  is  not  recommended. 

West  Brighton  is  the  democratic  part  of  the  island.  It  is  made  up 
of  a  motley  collection  of  hotels,  large  and  small,  concert  stands,  beer- 
gardens,  variety-shows,  skating-rinks,  wooden  toboggan-slides,  shooting- 
galleries,  bathing-houses,  merry-go-rounds,  inclined-railways,  museums, 
aquariums,  brass-bands,  pop-corn  and  hot  sausage  venders;  in  fact,  it 
is  like  a  great  country-fair  in  full  blast,  crowded  with  every-day  peo- 
ple, out  for  a  good  time.  Here  is  an  iron  observatory  300  feet  high., 
with  elevators  running  to  the  top  ;  a  camera-obscura;  two  iron  piers 
upwards  of  a  thousand  feet  long,  with  bathing-houses  beneath  ;  and  a 
buiMing  in  the  shape  of  a  colossal  elephant,  with  restaurants,  dancing 
rooms,  and  various  exhibitions  inside,  and  an  observatory  on  top. 
The  pell-mell  excitement  of  the  place  is  kept  up  all  day  and  until 
almost  midnight  throughout  the  week,  with  no  cessation  on  Sunday. 
Half  a  mile  east  along  the  beach  is  Brighton.  Stages  run  this  dis- 
tance (fare  5  cents),  and  there  is  also  an  elevated  road. 

Brighton  Beach.  —  Here  there  is  an  enormous  hotel,  capable  of  din- 
ing 20,000  people  in  a  day.   The  grounds  are  handsomely  laid  out  and 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


109 


ornamented  with  flowers,  and  the  bathing  facilities  are  excellent.  In 
a  pavilion  a  large  orchestra  gives  concerts  afternoon  and  evening. 
East  of  Brighton  Beach,  for  2^  miles,  extend  the  grounds  of 

Manhattan  Beach.  —  (Reached  by  a  small  railway,  fare  5  cents.) 
This  is  the  best  part  of  the  island,  and  is  patronized  by  the  better 
classes.  The  hotel  is  nearly  700  feet  long,  and  is  one  of  the  largest 
structures  of  its  kind  in  the  world.  4,000  people  can  dine  at  a  time, 
and  30,000  during  the  day.  The  grounds  are  beautifully  laid  out,  and 
there  are  concerts  afternoon  and  evening  in  a  pavilion  in  front  of  the 
hotel.  There  are  2,700  rooms  in  the  bathing  establishment,  and  an 
amphitheatre  for  spectators  to  watch  the  bathers,  in  which  a  band 
plays  afternoon  and  evening.    Bathing  is  perfectly  safe. 

East  of  the  Manhattan  Hotel  comes  the  Oriental  Hotel,  a  large 
and  costly  house  for  permanent  guests.  Manhattan  Beach  can  be 
reached  by  rail  direct  from  Long-Island  City  (East  34th-street  Ferry), 
or  by  boat,  from  South  Ferry  to  Bay  Ridge,  and  thence  by  train. 
Several  times  a  week,  during  the  summer,  wonderful  displays  of  fire- 
works take  place  at  the  Brighton  and  Manhattan  hotels,  those  of  the 
latter  place  being  unequalled  elsewhere  in  the  country.  The  Coney- 
Island  Jockey-Club  has  a  club-house  at  Manhattan  Beach,  and  a  fine 
race-track  at  Sheepshead  Bay  (just  back  of  the  beach),  where  race- 
meetings  are  held  in  June  and  September. 

Rockaway  Beach,  on  the  Long-Island  shore,  is  twenty  miles  from 
New  York.  It  may  be  reached  by  rail  (ferry  from  foot  East  34th 
Street  to  Southern  Railroad,  Long  Island) ;  but  the  better  way  is  to 
go  by  one  of  the  immense  excursion  steamers,  Which  run  every  few 
hours  during  the  season.  For  time  and  place  of  sailing,  see  daily 
papers.  This  trip  is  strongly  recommended.  The  sail  is  a  fine  one, 
affording  splendid  views  of  the  harbor,  shipping,  and  fortifications, 
and  a  sail  on  the  Atlantic.  The  beach  has  most  of  the  characteris- 
tics of  Coney  Island,  but  the  surf  is  finer.  The  sajl  occupies  an 
hour  and  a  half  each  way.  Excursion  tickets,  50  cents.  .  On  Sunday 
the  boats  are  often  uncomfortably  crowded. 


I  IC 


How  to  Know  New  York, 


Long  Branch  is  on  the  New-Jersey  coast,  about  thirty  miles  from 
New  York.  It  is  so  well  known  that  no  description  is  necessary  here. 
Steamers  run,  during  the  season,  from  Pier  8,  North  River,  to  Sandy 
Hook,  and  thence  by  rail  to  the  Branch.  This  is  the  best  route.  It 
is  also  reached  by  the  New-Jersey  Southern  and  Pennsylvania  Rail 
roads.  During  the  season,  there  are  excursion  steamers,  which  go  all 
the  way  by  water,  landing  passengers  at  the  Long-Branch  Iron  Pier. 
(See  daily  papers.)  The  latter  route  is  not  recommended,  as  rough 
weather  often  prevents  a  landing. 

Long  Beach  is  on  the  Long-Island  coast,  east  of  Rockaway.  There 
is  but  one  hotel  there,  —  an  immense  one,  —  and  a  number  of  cottages. 
The  bathing  facilities  are  perfect,  and  the  surf  usually  runs  high.  A 
fine  orchestra  plays  in  front  of  the  hotel  morning  and  evening.  A  visit 
is  strongly  recommended  to  those  who  desire  to  spend  a  quiet  and 
restful  day  by  the  sea,  away  from  the  44  madding  crowd/'  It  is  reached 
via  Long-Island  Railroad,  ferry  foot  East  34th  Street.  Excursion 
tickets,  50  cents. 

Glen  Island,  in  Long-Island  Sound,  near  New  Rochelle,  is  a  beauti- 
ful and  picturesque  summer  resort  for  excursionists,  with  facilities  for 
boating,  bathing,  sailing,  fish-dinners,  etc.  The  sail  up  the  East  River, 
past  the  various  public  institutions,  and  the  Navy  Yard,  through  Hell 
Gate,  and  out  into  the  Sound,  is  an  interesting  one.  Boats  leave 
several  times  a  day.    See  daily  papers.    Excursion  tickets,  40  cents. 

Staten  Island,  thirteen  miles  long,  is  in  New-York  Harbor.  Boats 
run  from  South  Ferry  every  ten  minutes.  It  is  a  hilly  and  picturesque 
island,  dotted  with  fine  houses  and  villas.  On  the  eastern  shore  is  'Fort 
Wadsworth  and  Battery  Hudson.  On  the  north  shore  is  the  Sailors' 
Snug  Harbor,  an  asylum  for  aged  and  infirm  sailors,  capable  of  ac- 
commodating over  1,000  persons.  Of  late  the  island  has  become  a 
great  centre  for  the  amusement-loving  public.  A  company  has  been 
organized,  which,  during  the  warm  season,  gives  open-air  entertain- 
ments on  a  colossal  scale,  which  are  attended  daily  and  nightly  by 
thousands.    The  fare  is  ten  cents. 


How  to  Know  New  York.  ill 


ELEVATED  RAILWAYS. 

Second  Avenue  Line. — (Daily,  including  Sundays.) 

Route. — Commencing  at  South  Ferry,  through  Whitehall  Street  to 
Front  Street,  to  Coenties  Slip,  to  Pearl  Street,  to  New  Bowery,  to 
Chatham  Square,  through  Division  Street  to  Allen  Street,  to  First 
Avenue,  to  23d  Street,  to  2d  Avenue,  to  129th  Street.  Total  dis- 
tance, 8.73  miles.  Heaviest  grade,  73  feet  per  mile.  This  line  is 
open  from  5.30  A  M.  to  11.58  p.m.,  including  Sundays.  Last  train 
from  129th  Street,  South  Bound,  11.58  P.M.  Last  train  from  South 
Ferry,  North  Bound,  12.46  a.m.  Passengers  for  34th  Street  Ferry, 
East  River,  change  cars  at  34th  Street  Station  and  take  branch  train 
for  ferry.  No  extra  charge.  Passengers  to  or  from  City  Hall  change 
cars  and  cross  the  Bridge  at  Chatham  Square  Station.  Passengers  to 
or  from  Suburban  Rapid  Transit  Railway  change  cars  at  129th  Street. 


STATIONS. 

Name. 

Location. 

Numbers  at  Intersection. 

South  Ferry. 
Hanover  Square. 
Fulton  St.* 
Franklin  Square. 
Chatham  Square. 
Canal  St.* 
Grand  St.* 
Rivington  St. 
First  St. 
Eighth  St.* 
Fourteenth  St.* 
Nineteenth  St. 
Twenty-third  St.* 
Thirty-fourth  St.* 
Forty-second  St.* 
Fiftieth  St. 
Fifty-seventh  St. 


Foot  Whitehall  St. 
Pearl  and  S.  William  Sts. 
Pearl  and  Fulton  Sts. 
Pearl  and  Cherry  Sts. 
Chatham  Sq.  and  Bowery. 
Allen  and  Canal  Sts. 
Allen  and  Grand  Sts. 
Allen  and  Rivington  Sts. 
First  St.  and  1st  Ave. 
Eighth  St.  and  1st  Ave. 
14th  St.  and  1st  Ave. 
19th  St.  and  1st  Ave. 
23d  St.,  bet.  1st  and  2d  Avs. 
34th  St.  and  2d  Ave. 
42d  St.  and  2d  Ave. 
50th  St.  and  2d  Ave. 
57th  St.  and  2d  Ave. 


66  Whitehall— 1  South  St. 
no  Pearl— 1  South  William  St. 
266  Pearl— 38  Fulton  St. 
340  Pearl— 12  Cherry  St. 
Chatham  Sq.— 1  Bowery. 
14  Allen— 71  Canal  St. 
66  Allen — 309  Grand  St. 
140  Allen— 70  Rivington  St. 
it  1st  Ave.— 73  First  St. 
132  1st  Ave.— 87  Eighth  St. 
240  1st  Ave. — 350  E.  14th  St. 
330  1st  Ave.— 358  E.  19th  St. 
300  E.  23d  St. — 248  2d  Ave. 
620  2d  Ave.  —300  E.  34th  St. 
782  2d  Ave. — 236  E.  42d  St. 
950  2d  Ave— 253  E.  50th  St. 
1080  2d  Ave. — 250  E.  57th  St. 


*  Crosstown  car  lines. 


I  12 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


STATIONS.— Continued. 


Name. 


Location. 


Numbers  at  Intersection. 


Sixty-fifth  St.  65th  St.  and  2d  Ave. 

Seventieth  St.  70th  St.  and  2d  Ave. 

Seventy-fifth  St.  75th  St.  and  2d  Ave. 

Eightieth  St.  80th  St.  and  2d  Ave. 

Eighty-sixth  St.  86th  St.  and  2d  Ave. 

Ninety-second  St.  92d  St.  and  2d  Ave. 
Ninety-ninth  Street.Jgcth  St.  and  2d  Ave. 

1  nth  Street.  111th  St.  and  2d  Ave. 

117th  Street.  117th  St.  and  2d  Ave. 

121st  Street.  i2i;-t  St.  and  2d  Ave. 

127th  Street.  127th  St.  and  2d  Ave. 

129th  Street.  129th  St.  and  2d  Ave. 


1240  2d  Ave.— 252  E.  65th  St. 
1330  2d  Ave.— 234  E.  70th  St. 
1440  2d  Ave.— 252  E.  75th  St. 
1538  2d  Ave.— 248  E.  80th  St. 
1657  2d  Ave.-  242  E.  86th  St. 
1780  2d  Ave.— 300  E.  92d  St. 
1913  2d  Ave. — . . .  E.  99th  St. 
2160  2d  Ave. — 248  E.  111th  St. 
2276  2d  Ave. — 252  E.  117th  St. 
2358  2d  Ave. — 250  E.  121st  St. 
2479  2d  Ave. — 245  E.  127th  St. 


— 252  E.  129th  St. 


Third  Avenue  Line. — (Daily,  including-  Sundays.) 


Route. — Commencing  at  South  Ferry,  through  Whitehall  Street  to 
Front  Street,  to  Coenties  Slip,  to  Pearl  Street,  to  New  Bowery,  to 
Chatham  .Square,  to  Bowery,  to  3d  Avenue,  to  129th  Street.  34th 
Street  Branch  ;  from  3d  Avenue,  through  34th  Street,  to  Ferry  on 
East  River.  42d  Street  Branch  ;  from  3d  Avenue,  through  42d 
Street,  to  Grand  Central  Depot,  42d  Street  and  4th  Avenue.  City 
Hall  Branch  ;  from  City  Hall,  through  Chatham  Street,  to  Chatham 
Square.  Total  distance,  Main  Line,  8.48  miles.  Length  of  34th 
Street  Branch,  0.31  miles.  Length  of  42d  Street  Branch,  0.18  miles. 
Length  of  City  Hall  Branch,  o  36  miles.  Heaviest  grade  on  main 
line,  105  feet  per  mile.  This  line,  including  City  Hall  Branch,  is 
open  at  all  hours  of  the  day  and  night,  including  Sundays.  City  Hall 
passengers  to  or  from  2d  Avenue  Line  change  cars  and  cross  the 
Bridge  at  Chatham  Square  Station.  Direct  connection  made  at  City 
Hall  Station,  without  going  to  the  street,  with  trains  crossing  Brook- 
lyn Bridge.  Passengers  for  Grand  Central  Depot  change  cars  at  42d 
Street  Station  and  take  br?nch  train,  which  is  run  from  6.00  A.M.  to 
12.00  midnight.  No  extra  charge.  Passengers  for  34th  Street  Ferry, 
East  River,  change  cars  at  34th  Street  Station  and  take  branch  train, 
which  is  run  from  5.30  a.m.  to  12.00  midnight.    No  extra  charge. 


Hozv  to  Know  New  York.  1 1 3 


STATIONS. 


Name. 


South  Ferry. 
Hanover  Square. 
Fulton  St.* 
Franklin  Square. 
City  Hall. 
Chatham  Square. 
Canal  St.* 
Grand  St.* 
Houston  St.* 
Ninth  St.* 
Fourteenth  St.* 
Eighteenth  St.* 
Twenty- third  St.* 
Twenty-eighth  St. 
Thirty-fourth  St.* 
34th  Street  Ferry. 
Forty-second  St.* 
Grand  Central.* 
Forty-seventh  St. 
Fifty-third  St. 
Fifty-ninth  St.* 
Sixty-seventh  St. 
Seventy-sixth  St. 
Eighty-fourth  St. 
Eighty-ninth  St. 
Ninety-eighth  St. 
106th  Street. 
1 1 6th  Street. 
125th  Street.* 
129th  Street. 


Location. 


Foot  Whitehall  St. 
Pearl  and  S.  William  Sts. 
Pearl  and  Fulton  Sts. 
Pearl  and  Cherry  Sts. 
Chatham  and  Centre  Sts. 
Chatham  Sq.  and  Bowery. 
Bowery  and  Canal  St. 
Bowery  and  Grand  St. 
Bowery  and  Houston  St. 
3d  Ave.  and  9th  St. 
3d  Ave.  and  14th  St. 
3d  Ave.  and  18th  St. 
3d  Ave.  and  23d  St. 
3d  Ave.  and  28th  St. 
3d  Ave.  and  34th  St. 
Foot  34th  St  ,  E.  R. 
3d  Ave.  and  42d  St. 
42d  St.  and  4th  Ave. 
3d  Ave.  and  47th  St. 
3d  Ave.  and  53d  St. 
3d  Ave.  and  59th  St. 
3d  Ave.  and  67th  St. 
3d  Ave.  and  76th  St. 
3d  Ave.  and  84th  St. 
3d  Ave.  and  89th  St. 
3d  Ave.  and  98th  St. 
3d  Ave.  and  106th  St. 
3d  Ave.  and  116th  St. 
3d  Ave.  and  125th  St. 
3d  Ave.  and  129th  St. 


Numbers  at  Intersection. 


66  Whitehall— 1  South  St. 

no  Pearl— 1  South  William  St. 

266  Pearl  St.— 38  Fulton  St. 

340  Pearl— 12  Cherry  St. 

N.  Y.  Terminus  B'klyn  Bridge. 

Chatham  Sq. —  1  Bowery. 

60  Bowery — 150  Canal  St. 

122  Bowery— 235  Grand  St. 

280  Bowery — 90  E.  Houston  St. 
31  3d  Ave.— 117  E.  9th  St. 

123  3d  Ave.— 152  E.  14th  St. 
205  3d  Ave. — 148  E.  18th  St. 
300  3d  Ave. — 164  E.  23d  St. 
392  3d  Ave.— 161  E.  28th  St. 
507  3d  Ave.— 166  E.  34th  St. 
408  E.  34th  St. 

657  3d  Ave.— 164  E.  42d  St. 
Grand  Central  Depot. 
760  3d  Ave.— 160  E.  47th  St. 
874  3d  Ave.— 164  E.  53d  St. 
990  3d  Ave.— 164  E.  59th  St. 
1146  3d  Ave.— 168  E.  67th  St. 
1330  3d  Ave. — 200  E.  76th  St. 
1490  3d  Ave.— 173  E.  84th  St. 
1588  3d  Ave.— 169  E.  89th  St. 
1785  3d  Ave.— 158  E.  98th  St. 
1925  3d  Ave.— 171  E.  106th  St. 
2123  3d  Ave.— 184  E.  116th  St. 
2300  3d  Ave. — 192  E.  125th  St. 
2380  3d  Ave.— 168  E.  129th  St. 


*  Crosstown  car  lines. 

Sixth  Avenue  Line. — (Daily,  including  Sundays.) 
Route. — Commencing  at  South  Ferry,  through  Battery  Park  and 
Greenwich  Street  to  Morris  Street,  thence  through  Trinity  Place  and 
Church  Street,  to  Murray  Street,  to  West  Broadway  and  South  5th 
Avenue,  to  West  Third  Street,  to  6th  Avenue,  to  58th  Street.  Har- 
lem trains  run  through  53d  Street  to  9th  Avenue,  to  noth  Street,  to 
8th  Avenue,  to  155th  Street.  Total  distance,  South  Ferry  to  155th 
St.  and  8th  Ave.,  10.76  miles.  South  Ferry  to  58th  St.  and  6th  Ave., 
5.18  miles.  50th  St.  to  58th  St.  and  6th  Ave.,  0.40  miles.  Heaviest 
grade,  79  feet  per  mile.    This  line  is  open  at  all  hours  of  the  day  and 


ii4 


How  to  Know  New  York. 


night,  including  Sundays.  Passengers  for  Grand  Central  Depot  leave 
train  at  42d  Street  Station.  Crosstown  cars  run  between  Station  and 
Depot.  Fare  5  cents.  155th  and  53d  Street  trains  may  be  known  by 
green  or  red  signals  by  day,  and  green  or  red  lights  by  night,  carried 
on  the  forward  part  of  the  engine.  All  trains  not  displaying  the 
above,  run  to  58th  Street  (Central  Park). 

New  York  and  Northern  Railway  Connection. — Trains  connecting 
\vith  the  New  York  and  Northern  Railway  through  trains  carry  a  blue 
disk  on  the  forward  part  of  the  engine.  Passengers  for  stations  on 
9th  Avenue  Line  change  cars  at  59th  Street  Station.  No  extra 
charge. 


STATIONS. 


Name. 


Location. 


Numbers  at  Intersection. 


South  Ferry. 
Battery  Place. 
Rector  St.  ■ 
Cortlandt  St. 
Park  Place. 
Chambers  St.* 
Franklin  St. 
Grand  St.* 
Bleecker  St.* 
Eighth  St.* 
Fourteenth  St.* 
Eighteenth  St. 
Twenty- third  St.* 
Twenty-eighth  St. 
Thirty-third  St.* 
T?orty-second  St.* 
Fiftieth  ?t 
Fifty -eirhth  St. 
Fifty-third  St. 
Fifty  ninth  St  * 
Sev-ntv-second  St. 
Eighty  first  St. 
Ninctv  third  St. 
104th  Street. 
116th  Street. 
125th  Street.* 
135th  Street. 
145th  Street. 


Foot  Whitehall  St. 
Battery  PI.  &  Gr'nwich  St. 
New  Church  &  Rector  Sts. 
N.  Church  &  Cortlandt  Sts. 
Church  Street  &  Park  PI. 
Hudson  &  Chambers  Sts. 
W.  BVay  &  Franklin  St. 
S.  5th  Ave.  and  Grand  St. 
S.  5th  Ave.  &  Bleecker  St. 
6th  Ave.  and  8th  St. 
6th  Ave.  and  14th  St. 
6th  Ave.  and  18th  St. 
6th  Ave.  and  23d  St. 
6th  Ave.  and  28th  St. 
6th  Ave.  and  33d  St. 
6th  Ave.  and  43d  St. 
6th  Ave  and  50th  St. 
6th  Ave.  and  s8th  St. 
8th  Ave.  and  53d  St. 
9th  Ave.  and  .^th  St. 
Qth  Ave.  and  72d  St. 
9th  Ave.  and  81st  St. 
9th  Ave.  and  93d  St 
^th  Av\  and  104th  St. 
8th  Ave.  and  116th  St. 
8th  Ave.  and  125th  St. 
8th  Avz.  and  135th  St. 
8th  Ave  and  145th  St. 


66  Whitehall — 1  South  St. 
1  Broadway. 
71  Broadway. 

171  Broadway— 25  Church  St. 
237  Broadway— 40  Church  St. 
271  Broadway — 1  Hudson  St. 
362  Broadway— 125  Franklin. 
458  Broadway— 52  Grand  St. 
640  Broadway— 1^9  Bleecker. 
too  6th  Ave.— 94  8th  St. 
210  6th  Ave.— 65  W.  14th  St. 
2866th  Ave.— 69  W.  18th  St. 
375  6th  Ave.— 79  W.  2-d  St. 
462  6th  Ave.— 59  W.  28th  St. 
1280  Broadway— 5^3  6th  Ave. 
736  6th  Ave.— 61  W.  42d  St. 
8S8  6th  Ave.— 81  W.  50th  St. 
1045  6th  Ave  —47  W.  58th  St. 
8908th  Ave  —247  W.  53d  St. 
9209th  Ave.— 357  W.  59th  St. 
1183  9th  Ave.—  101  W.  72d  St. 
1357  9th  Ave.— 100  W.  81st  St. 
1595  9th  Ave.— 102  W.  93d  St. 
1821  9th  Ave.— 101  W.  104th  St. 
2151  ah  Ave.— 301  W.  116th  St. 
2325  8th  Ave.— 300  W.  125th  St. 
2525  8th  Ave. 


\  Connecting  with  N.  Y.  c\:  Nf. 
4  R'way  for  High  Bridge. 
I    Brewster's,  etc. 


300  W.  145th  St. 


155th  Street. 


8rh  Ave.  and  155th  St 


*  Crosstown  car  lines. 


How  to  Know  New  York.  115 


Ninth  Avenue  Line. — (Daily,  including  Sundays.) 

Route. — Commencing-  at  South  Ferry,  through  Battery  Park  to 
Greenwich  Street,  to  9th  Avenue,  to  59th  Street  Total  distance, 
:5.o3  miles.  Heaviest  grade,  107  feet  per  mile.  This  line  is  open 
[from  5.30  a.m.  to  7.57  P.M.  Last  train  from  59th  Street,  South 
[Bound,  7.57  P.M.  Last  train  from  South  Ferry,  North  Bound,  8.21 
P.M.  Passengers  for  72d  St.,  81st  St.,  93d  St.,  104th  St.,  116th  St., 
125th  St.  (Harlem),  135th  St.,  145th  St.,  155th  St.,  Fort  Washing- 
ton, High  Bridge,  and  the  New  York  and  Northern  Railway,  change 
cars  at  59th  St.    No  extra  charge. 


STATIONS. 


Name. 

Location. 

Numbers  at  Intersection. 

South  Ferry. 
Battery  Place. 
Rector  St. 
Cortlandt  St. 
Barclay  St. 
Warren  St. 
Franklin  St. 
Desbrosses  St.* 
Houston  St.* 
Christopher  St.* 
Fourteenth  St.* 
Twenty-third  St.* 
Thirtieth  St. 
Thirty-fourth  St.* 
Forty-second  St.* 
Fiftieth  St. 
Fifty-ninth  St.* 

Foot  Whitehall  St. 
Battery  PI.  &  Greenwich  St. 
Greenwich  &  Rector  Sts. 
Gr'nwich  &  Cortlandt  Sts. 
Greenwich  &  Barclay  Sts. 
Greenwich  &  Warren  Sts. 
Greenwich  &  Franklin  Sts. 
Gr'nwich  &  Desbrosses  Sts. 
Greenwich  &  Houston  Sts. 
Greenwich  &  Christo'r  Sts. 
9th  Ave.  and  14th  St. 
9th  Ave.  and  23d  St. 
9th  Ave.  and  30th  St. 
9th  Ave.  and  34th  St. 
9th  Ave.  and  42d  St. 
9th  Ave.  and  50th  St. 
9th  Ave.  and  59th  St. 

66  Whitehall— 1  South  St. 
1  Broadway. 

71  Broadway — 89  Greenwich. 
171  Broadway — 171  Greenwich. 
227  Broadway— 229  Greenwich. 
259  Broadway— 283  Greenwich. 
362  Broadway — 365  Greenwich. 
416  Broadway— 452  Greenwich. 
300  W.  H'ston — 585  Greenwich. 
146  Christop'r— 680  Greenwich. 
59  9th  Ave. — 400  W.  14th  St. 
212  9th  Ave.— 373  W.  23d  St. 
3509th  Ave.— 367  W.  30th  St. 
428  9th  Ave.— 365  W.  34th  St. 
580  9th  Ave.— 365  W.  42d  St. 
740  9th  Ave. — 371  W.  50th  St. 
920  9th  Ave. — 357  W.  59th  St. 

*  Crosstown  car  lines. 


General  Offices  Manhattan  Railway  Co.,  No.  71  Broadway. 
Rates  of  fa-re. — Five  cents  at  all  hours.    Children  under  5  years, 
free. 

Passengers  are  required  to  deposit  their  tickets  in  the  Gate 
Box  before  entering  train. 


150,000  PEOPLE 

STOPPED  AT  THE 

BRAND  UNION  HOTEL 

DURING  THE  PAST  YEAR. 


ITS  POPULARITY 

is  mainly  due  to  the  following  facts  : 

The  policy  of  its  proprietors  is  to  please  guests. 

Its  rooms  are  well  furnished  and  scrupulously  clean, 
and  range  in  price  from  $r  (for  an  excellent  room)  up  to 
$3  and  $4  per  day. 

The  food  is  of  the  best  quality  obtainable,  well  cooked, 
the  prices  are  moderate,  and  the  portions  liberal, 

it  is  centrally  located.  Elevated  railroads  and  street 
cars  to  all  parts  of  the  city  pass  its  doors. 

It  is  immediately  opposite  the  Grand  Central  Depot, 
to  and  from  which  guests'  baggage  is  delivered  free. 

Its  volume  of  business  is  such  that  more  value  can  be 
given  for  the  money  than  at  any  other  first-class  hotel  in 
the  city. 

FORD  &  SHAW, 


Proprietors. 

no 


INDEX. 


Academy  of  Music,  77 
Sirica,  7. 

Aidnch  Court,  90. 
Alhbone,  S.  A.,  65. 
All  >ouls'  Church,  74. 
Am.  Artists'  Society,  41. 
Am.  Chemical  Society, 84. 
Am.  Ethnological  Soc, 
84. 

Am.  Exchange,  55. 
Am.  Geograph.  Soc.,  85. 
Am.  Institute,  65. 
Am.  Jockey  Club,  83. 
Am.   Metrological  Soc, 
85- 

Am.    Museum  Natural 

History,  65. 
Am.  Numismatical  Soc, 

85- 

Am.  Philological  Soc,  85. 
Am.    Safe-Deposit  Co., 

TOO. 

Am.  Yacht-Club,  84,  101. 
Anchor  Line,  14. 
Anthon  Memorial 

Church,  72. 
Apartment  Houses,  86. 
Apprentices'  Library,  63. 
Aquarium,  23. 
Armories,  44,  45. 
Arsenal,  27,  29. 
Artillery,  27. 
Art-Galleries,  39. 
Art,  Museum  of,  31,  39. 
Art-Schools,  44. 
Art-Stores,  43. 
Asbury  Church,  73. 
Assay  Office,  23. 
Ascension  Church,  97. 
Astor  Family,  63,  70,  92, 

99.  ' 
Astor  Library,  63. 
Athletics,  80,  82. 
Atlas  Line.  15. 
Authors'  Club,  82. 

Ball-Grounds,  29,  80. 
Baptist  Churches.  73. 
Bar  Association,  65. 
Barge-Office,  32,  47. 
Barrios,  Mrs.  de,  104. 
Bartholdi  Statue,  47,  87. 
Base-Ball,  80. 
Battery,  The,  32. 
Bedloe's  Island,  47,  87. 
Beethoven  Statue,  48. 
Belden,  William,  104. 
Belmont,  August,  98. 
Belvedere,  31. 


Bellevue   Hospital  Col- 


Bergh,  Henry,  100. 
Bermuda  Line,  15. 
Bethesda  Fountain,  31. 
Bicycle  Clubs,  84. 
Bijou  Opera-House,  77. 
Blackwell's  Island,  88. 
Blind-Asylum,  91. 
Bloomingdale  Asylum, 
91. 

Boards  of  Trade,  52,  55. 

Bolivar  Statue,  48. 

Books,  Old,  64. 

Boulevard  Line,  20. 

Boreel  Building,  90. 

Bowling  Green,  33,  52. 

Brazil  Line.  15. 

Brewers'  Exchange,  55. 

Brick  Church,  72,  99. 

Bridge,  Brooklyn,  25. 

Bridgeport  Line,  18. 

Brighton  Beach,  108. 

Broadway  Line,  19. 

Broadway  Theatre,  77. 

Brooklyn  Bridge,  19,  25. 

Bruce  Library,  63. 

Bryant  Park,  37,  100. 

Buckingham  Hotel,  101. 

Building  Exchange,  53. 

Building  -  Material  Ex- 
change, 55. 

Buildings,  8. 

Burns  Statue,  48. 

Butterfield,  Gen.  Daniel, 
99. 

B.  &  O.  R.  R.,9. 
Cabs,  20. 

Caledonian  Club,  80,  83. 
Calumet  Club,  83. 
Calvary  Church,  71,  73. 
Canadian  Club,  83. 
Cancer  Hospital,  92. 
Carnegie,  Andrew,  101. 
Carriages,  2c. 
Carrousel,  29. 
Casino,  77. 
Castle  Clinton,  23. 
Castle  Garden,  23. 
Castle  William,  88. 
Catherine  Market,  56. 
Catholic  Apostolic 

Church,  75. 
Central  Market,  56. 
Central-Park,  29. 
Central-Park  Apartment 

Houses,  86. 

117 


I  Central  Railroad  of  New 

Jersey,  9. 
Centre  Market,  56. 
I  Century  Association,  83. 
Charleston  Line,  16. 
Chatham  Square,  35. 
Chickering  Hall,  80,  98. 
China,  6. 

Choate,  Joseph  H.,  101. 
Christ  Church,  99. 
Christian  Brothers,  60. 
Christian  Israelites,  75. 
Churches,  67. 
Citizens'   Bicycle  Club, 

City  Hall,  25. 
City-Hall  Park,  36. 
City  Library,  65, 
City  Ordinance,  21. 
Clinton  Market,  56. 
Clubs,  Societies,  etc., 
82. 

Coaches,  21. 

Coal  and  Iron  Exchange, 
53- 

Coffee  Exchange,  53. 
Collect,  28. 

College  of  City  of  N.  Y., 

Colleges  and  Schools, 
57- 

Collegiate    Church,  74, 

IOI. 

Collyer,  Robert,  74. 
Columbia  College,  57. 
Columbus,  48. 
Commerce,  48. 
Commercial  Buildings, 
89. 

Coney  Island,  108. 

Coney-Island  Jockey 
Club,  109. 

Congregational  Church- 
es, 74. 

Congressional  Dist's,  8. 
Conkling,  Roscoe,  98. 
Conner,  W.  E.,  toi. 
Consolidated  Petroleum 

Exchange,  53. 
Cooper,  Peter,  64. 
Cooper  U.nion,  44,  63. 
Corbin,  Austin,  100. 
Cotton  Exchange,  35,  53. 
County  Court  House,  25. 
Court  House.  25. 
Covenant,  Church  of.  73. 
Criterion  Theatre,  77. 
Cromwell  Line,  16. 
Cross-town  Lines,  20. 


Crystal  Palace,  100. 
Cuba  Line,  15. 
Cullom.  G.  W.,  98. 
Cunard  Line,  14. 
Custom  House,  25. 
Cutting,  R.  F.,  102. 

Dairy,  29. 
Dakota  Flats,  86. 
Daly's  Theatre,  78. 
David's  Island.  87. 
Dead-Rabbit  War,  45. 
Deaf  and  Dumb  Asy.,  01. 
Decorative-Art  Soc,  41. 
DeKay,  Charles,  97. 
Delaware  &  Lackawanna 

Railroad,  9. 
Delmonico's,  98. 
Democratic  Club,  83. 
Depots,  9. 

Depevv,  Chauncy  M.,  101. 
Dewey  Arch,  37. 
Dispensaries,  91. 
Distances,  8. 
Distillers'  Exchange,  55. 
Distributing  Reser.,  100. 
Districts,  8. 

Divine  Paternity  Church, 

74,  101. 
Dodge,  William  L.,48. 
Down-Town  Club,  83. 
Draytonv  Mrs.  J.  C.,  99. 
Drexel  Building,  90. 
Duncan,  W.  B.,  97. 
Dunderberg,  107. 

East-River  Bridge,  25. 
Eckert.  T.  T.,  101. 
Eden  Musee,  80. 
Eighth  Regt.  Armory,  44. 
Electric  Manufacturing 

Exchange,  55. 
Elevated  R.R.,  18,  in. 
Eleventh  Reg.  Arm'y,  45. 
Ellis  Island,  87. 
Emmett  Monument,  51. 
Epiphany  Church,  73. 
Episcopal  Churches," 6q. 
Equitable  Building,  89. 
Erie  Railroad,  9. 
Essex  Market,  56. 
Evacuation  Day,  32. 
Exchanges  and  Boards 

of  Trade,  52. 

Fall-River  Line,  18. 
Fares,  Carriage,  20. 
Fares,  Railroad,  19,  20. 
Farragut  Statue,  48. 
Federal  Hall,  27. 
Fencing  Club,  82. 
Fifth  Avenue,  05. 
Fifth-Avenue  Church,  73. 


Fifth-Avenue  Hotel,  98. 
Fifth-Avenue  Stages,  20. 
Fifth-Ave.  Theatre,  78. 
Fire-Department,  8. 
First  Baptist  Church,  73. 
First  Presbyterian  ' 

Church,  72. 
Fish-Market,  56. 
Five  Points,  6. 
Flats,  86. 

Flagler,  H.  M.,  102. 
Florence,  W.  J.,  98. 
Florida  Line,  16. 
Flower,  R.  P..  101. 
Foreign  Element.  6. 
Fort  Columbus,  88. 
Fort  Gibson,  87. 
Fort  Lee,  106. 
Fort  Wadsworth,  no. 
F  ort  Washington,  106. 
Fort  Wool,  87. 
Fourteenth-St.  The.,  78. 
Franklin  Square,  36. 
Franklin  Statue,  49. 
Free  Library,  63. 
French  Line,  14. 
Friends,  75. 
Friends'  Seminary,  61. 
Fruit  Exchange,  55. 
Fulton  Market,  56. 
Fulton  Monument,  51. 
Furniture  Exchange,  55. 

Gallatin  Monument,  51. 
Galveston  Line,  16. 
Garden  Theatre,  78. 
Garibaldi  Monument,  51. 
Genealogical  Society,  85. 
General  Theological 

Seminary,  59. 
Germany,  6. 
Gilsey  House,  99. 
Glen  Island,  no. 
Goekt  Estate,  101. 
Gould,  Jay,  101. 
Governor's  Island,  88. 
Grace  Church,  71. 
Gramercy  Park,  37. 
Grand  Central  Depot,  4, 

6,  66,  too. 
Grand  Opera-House,  78. 
Grand  Union  Hotel,  4,  6, 

20,  53,  66,  100. 
Grant,  Gen.  U.  S.,  104. 
Grant's  Tomb,  20,  32. 
Greeley  Monument,  51. 
Greystone,  107. 
Grocers'  Exchange,  53. 
Grolier  Club,  82. 

Hall.  Dr.  John.  73,  102. 
Halleck,  Fitz-Greene,  49. 

IlS 


Halls,  80. 

Hamburg  Line,  14. 
Hamilton,  Alex.,  49,  51. 
Hanover  Square,  35. 
Hansoms,  20. 
Hardware  Board  of 

Trade.  55. 
Harlem  Meer,  31. 
Harlem  Opera-House,  80. 
Harlem  Railroad,  9. 
Harmonie  Club,  85. 
Harper,  J.  W.,  ioi; 
Harry  Miner's  The.,  78. 
Hart's  Island,  87. 
Havana  Line,  15. 
Heavenly  Rest  Church, 

72,  101. 
Hebrews,  7,  75. 
Hell  Gate,  87. 
High  Bridge,  26. 
Historical  Society,  41,  65. 
Hoboken.  9,  14. 
Hoffman  House.  98. 
Holy  Spirit  Church.  71. 
Holy  Trinity  Church,  72. 
Homes,  91. 
Horse  Exchange,  53. 
Horticultural  Society,  85. 
Hospitals,  91. 
Hudson  River.  18.  106. 
Hudson-River  R.R.,  11. 
Humboldt  Statue,  49. 

Immigrants,  23. 
Indian  Hunter,  49. 
Ingersoll.  Robert  G.,  97. 
Iona  Island,  107. 
Irish  Regiment,  45. 
Irving,  Washington,  107. 
Islands,  87. 
Italy,  6. 

Jaffray,  E.  S.,  101. 
Jamaica  Line,  15. 
Jeannette  Park,  35. 
Jefferson  Market,  56. 
Jefferson-Mk't  Court,  25. 
Jersey  City,  9,  14. 
John,  6. 

Johnston,  J.  T.,  97. 
John-Street  Church,  73. 
Judaea,  7. 

Kalk  Hook,  2S. 
Keith's  Theatre,  7S. 
Key  West  Line,  16. 
Kit-Kat  Club,  83. 
Knickerbocker  Athletic 

Club,  82. 
Knickerbocker  Club,  83, 

08,  99. 
Knox,  Col.  T.  W..  98. 


Lafayette  Statue,  49. 
Lake,  31. 
Lambs,  83. 
Law,  George,  98. 
Law-Institute  Lib,.  65. 
Lehigh  Valley  R.  R.,  9. 
Lenox,  James,  64. 
Lenox  Library,  40,  64,104. 
Lexington-Avenue 

Church,  73. 
Liberty  Statue,  47. 
Libraries,  63. 
Lincoln  Statue,  49. 
Little  Church,  99, 
London  Theatre,  78. 
Long  Beach,  no. 
Long  Branch,  no. 
Long-Island  Railroad,  9. 
Lorillard,  Pierre,  99. 
Lotos  Club,  83,  98. 
L-Roads,  13,  in. 
Ludlow  Street,  26. 
Lutherans,  75. 
Lyceum  Theatre,  78. 
Lyndehurst,  107. 

Madison-Avenue 

Church,  73. 
Madison-Ave.  Line,  19. 
Madison  Square,  36.  98. 
Madison-Sq.  Church,  72. 
Madison-Sq.  Garden,  78. 
Madison-Sq.  Theatre,  78. 
Mall,  31. 

Mallory  Line,  16. 
Manhattan  Bank,  00. 
Manhattan  Beach,  ic8. 
Manhat.  Club,  84. 
Manhattan  College,  60. 
Manhattan  Stock  Ex.,  55. 
Manhattan  Theatre,  79. 
Manufacturing,  5. 
Marble,  Manton,  101. 
Marine  Barracks,  27. 
Maritime  Exchange,  53. 
Markets,  56. 
Market-Wagon  Stand, 56. 
Martyrs'  Memorial,  51. 
Masonic  Library,  65. 
Masonic  Temple,  85. 
Mazzini  Statue,  49. 
Mechanics'  Exchange, 55. 
Menagerie,  20. 
Mercantile  Exchange, 53. 
Mercantile  Library,  64. 
Merchants'  Club,  83. 
Messiah  Church,  74, 
Metal  Exchange,  55. 
Methodist  Churches,  73. 
Metropolitan  Club,  104. 
Metropolitan  Museum  of 
Art,  31,  39. 


I  Metropolitan  Opera-  j 

House,  79. 
'  M'Gowan's  Pass,  31. 
j  Microscopical  Society, 85. 

Military  Museum,  88. 

Militia.  44. 

Milk  Exchange,  55. 

Mills  Building,  90; 

Mills,  D.  O.,  ioz. 

Montgomery,  51. 

Moravians,  75. 

Moreau,  Gen.,  35. 

Morgan,  E.  D.,  100. 

Morningside  Park,  37. 

Morris  &  Essex  R.  R.,  9. 

Morse  Monument,  49. 
;  Morse  Building,  90. 

Most    Holy  Redeemer 
Church,  69. 
j  Mott  Memorial  Lib.,  65. 

Mott  Street,  6. 

Mount-Morris  Sq.,  37. 
i  Mount-Morris  The.,  79. 
I  Mount-Sinai  Hos.,  92. 

Murray  Hill,  100. 

Murray-Hill  Church,  73. 

Museum  of  Natural  His- 
tory, 31,  65. 

Nassau  Line,  15. 

National  Academy  of  De- 
sign, 41,  44. 

Natural     History  Mu- 
seum, 31. 

Naval-Store  Ex.,  55. 
'  Navarro  Flats,  86. 

Navy  Yard,  26. 

Netherlands  Line,  14. 

Newburg,  107. 
j  New-Jersey  Central  Rail- 
road, 9. 

New  -  Jersey  Southern 
Railroad,  9. 

New-Jersey  &  New-York 
Railroad,  9. 

New-Jerusalem  Ch.,  75. 

New-Orleans  Line,  16. 

New  York,  5. 

N.Y.  Athletic  Club,  81,  82. 

N.  Y.  &  New  England 
Railroad,  11. 
!  N.  Y.&  North.  R.  R.,  n. 
J  N.  Y.  Club,  98,  99. 
j  N.  Y.  Central  &  Hudson- 
River  R.  R.,  11. 

N.  Y.  Historical  Society, 
65. 

N.  Y.  Hospital,  91,  92,  97. 
N.  Y.  in  Summer,  106. 
X.  Y..N.  H.&  H.  R.R.,n. 
N.  Y.,  Ontario  &  West- 
ern Railroad,  n. 

TI9 


New  York  Theatre,  79. 
Ninth-Regt.  Armory,  44. 
Norfolk  Line,  16. 
Normal  College,  60. 
North-German  Lloyd,  14. 
North  Park,  31. 
Norwich  Line,  18. 

Obelisk,  48. 
Ocean  Steamships,  13. 
Odd-Fellows'  Hall,  85. 
Ohio  Society,  84. 
Old  Dominion  Line,  16. 
Old  Ladies'  Home,  92. 
Omnibuses,  96. 
Opera-House,  79. 
Oriental  Theatre,  79. 
Orphan  Asylum.  92. 
Osborne,  The,  86. 
Ottendorfer  Library,  63. 

Palisades,  32,  107. 
Parks  and  Squares,  29. 
Park-Carriages,  29,  32. 
Park  Row,  36. 
Paulists,  69. 
Pennsylvania  R.  R.,  n. 
People's  Theatre,  79. 
Petroleum  Exchange,  55. 
Pharmacy,  College  of, 60. 
Phila.  &  Read.  R.  R.,  n. 
Physicians  &  Surgeons' 

College,  59. 
Pierrepont,  E.,  97. 
Pilgrim  Statue,  49. 
Poe  Memorial,  39. 
Police,  8. 
Polo-Grounds,  81. 
Population,  8. 
Post-Office,  27. 
Potter  Building,  90. 
Potter's  Field,  87,  96. 
Presbyterian  Ch.,  72. 
Presbvterian  Hospital, 92. 
Press  Club,  83. 
Printing-House  Sq.,  36. 
Private  Galleries,  43. 
Produce  Ex.,  33,  52. 
Public  Buildings,  23. 
Public  Halls,  80. 
Public  Schools,  57. 

Quebec  SteamshipCo.,15. 

Raquet  Club,  83. 
Railroad  Depots,  9. 
Ramble,  31. 
Randall's  Island,  88. 
Real  Estate  Ex.,  55. 
Red-Star  Line,  14. 
Reformed  Catholics,  75. 
Reformed  Dutch  Ch.,  74 


Reformed  Episcopal 

Church,  75. 
Register's  Office,  27. 
Reid,  Whitelaw,  101. 
Rembrandt,  The,  47. 
Reservoir,  31,  100. 
Rialto,  77. 

Richmond  Steamers,  16. 
Riding  Academies,  61. 
Riverside  Park,  32,  51. 
Roach,  John,  101. 
Roberts,  Mrs.  M.O.,  98. 
Rockaway  Beach.  109. 
Rockefeller,  William, 
102. 

Rogues'  Gallery,  8. 
Roman-Catholic  Church- 
es, 67. 
Roosevelt  Hospital,  92. 
Rowing-Clubs,  84. 
Rutgers  College,  61,  100. 

Sacred-Heart  Acad.,  60. 

Sage,  Russell,  100. 

Sailors'  Snug  Harbor,  87, 
no. 

St.  Ann's,  69. 

St.  Augustine's,  71. 

St.  Bartholomew's,  72. 

St.  Francis  Xavier,  69. 

St.  Francis  Xavier  Col- 
lege, 60,  97. 

St.  George's  Church,  71. 

St.  Ignatius,  72. 

St.  James',  71. 

St.  John's,  71. 

St.  John's  College,  60. 

St.  Luke's,  7^. 

St.  Luke's  Hospital,  92, 
102. 

St.  Mark's,  71. 

St.  Mary's,  69. 

St.  Mary  the  Virgin,  172. 

St.  Nicholas  Club,  84,  100. 

St.  Patrick's,  67,  69. 

St.  Paul's,  70,  73. 

St.  Paul  the  Apos.,  69,  73. 

St.  Stephen's,  69. 

St.  Thomas,  72.  102. 

St.  Vincent  de  Paul's,  69. 

Sarony's,  43. 

Savannah  Line,  16. 

Schiller  Statue,  49. 

Schools,  44. 

Scott  Monument,  4Q. 

Seventh  -  Regiment  Ar- 
mory. 44. 

Seventh-Regiment  Mon- 
ument, 51. 

Seventy -first  Regiment 
Armory,  45. 

Seward,  Clarence  A.,  98. 


Seward  Statue,  51. 

Shakspeare  Statue,  5T. 

Sherman,  Gen.  W.  T.,  98. 

Shipping,  5. 

Sickles,  Gen.,  97. 

Sixth-Avenue  Line,  20. 

Sixty-ninth  RegimentAr- 
mory,  45. 

Sorosis,  84. 

Sound  Lines,  16,  18. 

Southern  Society,  83. 

Spanish  Line,  15. 

Stages,  20,  96. 

Standard  Oil  Co.,  90. 

Star  Theatre,  79. 

State  Arsenal,  27. 

State  Line,  14. 

Staten  Island,  87,  no. 

Stationers'  Exchange,  55. 

Stations,  9,  m. 

Statues,  27,  31,  47. 

Steamboats  and  Steam- 
ships, 13. 

Stevens,  Mrs.  F.  W.,  104. 

Stevens,  Mrs.  Paran,  98. 

Stewart  Building,  90. 

Stewart  Mansion,  99. 

Still  Hunt.  51. 

Stock  Exchange,  52. 

Stonington  Line,  18. 

Stony  Point,  107. 

Street  Cars,  19. 

Stroll  up  Fifth  Ave.,  95. 

Stuart,  R.  L.,  104. 

Studios,  43. 

Stuyvesant  Mon.,  51. 

Stuyvesant  Square,  37. 

Sub-Treasury,  27. 

Sugar  Exchange,  55. 

Summer  in  N.  Y.,  106. 

Tabernacle,  74. 
Tammany  Society,  84. 
Tarrytown,  107. 
Temple  Court,  00. 
Temple   Emanu-El,  75, 

100. 
Terrace,  31. 
Thalia  Theatre,  79. 
Theatres,  77. 
Theological  Seminary, 

5Q- 

Third-Avenue  Line,  19. 
Thomas,  Theodore,  97. 
Thoirpson  Street,  11. 
Tiffany  Mansion,  104. 
Tilden,  Samuel  J.,  107. 
l^acco  Fx  change,  55. 
Tombs,  28. 

TompVins  Market,  <-6. 
Tompkins  Souare,  87. 
Tony  Pastor's  The.j  80. 

I20 


Transfiguration  Ch.,  99. 
Trinity  Building,  90. 
Trinity  Chapel,  71. 
Trinity  Church,  69. 
Tweed,  William  M.,  25. 
Twelfth  Regt.  Arm..  45. 
[  T  w  e  n  t  y-second  Regi- 
ment Armory,  45. 
Twombly,  H.  McK.,  102. 

Union  Club,  82,  98. 

LTnion  League,  82,  ico. 

LTnion  Market,  56. 

Union  Square,  36. 

Union-Square  The..  80. 

Union  Theological  Semi- 
nary, 60. 

Unitarian  Churches,  74. 

Linked  BankBuilding.90. 

U.S.  Medical  College,  60. 

Universalists,  74. 

University,  50. 

University  Club,  84. 
[University  -  Place 
Church,  72. 

Vanderbilt  Family,  48,63, 

100,  102,  104. 
Verplanck's  Point,  107. 
Victoria  Theatre,  79. 
j  Villard,  Henry,  101,  104. 

Wall  Street,  23. 
Ward's  Island,  87. 
1  Washington  Building, 

33,  89. 

Washington  Heights,  91. 

Washington  Market,  56. 

Washington  Sq.,  36,  96. 

Washington  Stat.,  27,  51. 
;  Webb,  Dr.  W.  S..  102. 

Weber  &  Field's  Theatre, 
|  80. 

Webster  Statue,  51. 

Weehawktn,  100. 

West  Brighton,  108. 

West  End.  108. 

Western-Union  Build.. 90. 

West- India  Lines,  15. 

West  Point,  107. 

West-Shore  Railroad,  11. 

White-Star  I  ine,  15. 

Whitney,  Secretary.  104. 

Windsor  Hotel,  101. 

Worth  Monument,  51. 

Yachting-Clubs,  84. 
Youmans.  Prof.  E.  L..  08. 
Young  Men's  Christian 

Association,  65,  8=;. 
Young  Women's  Chris- 
1     tian  Association.  85. 


The  Grand  Union 


DOES  THE  LARGEST  BUSINESS  OF  ANY 
HOTEL  IN  NEW  YORK- 
IT  HAS  6Q0  ROOMS,  AND  THEY  ARE 
FILLED  THE  YEAR  'ROUND. 

IT    IS   ADVISABLE    TO    NOTIFY  THE 
PROPRIETORS  OF  YOUR  COMING  BY 
TELEGRAM  OR  POSTAL  CARD, 
SO  THAT  ROOMS   MAY   BE  RESERVED. 


FORD  &  SHAW. 


A 


Right  across 
the  street 


The  Grand  Union  Hotel  is 
^the  first  thing  you  see  when 
you  come  out  of  the 
Grand  Central  Depot  in 
New  York.    You  don't 
need  a  cab  to  get  to  it. 
Carry  your  baggage  checks 
to  the  office  and  your  bag- 
gage  will  be  put  into  your  room 
without  bother  or  expense.  Hotel 
comfort  meansgoodrooms,  goodser- 
vice,  good  things  to  eat.  The  Grand 
Union  makes  guests  comfortable. 
Europeanplan.  $1  per  day  upward. 

Grand  Union  Hotel 

Ford  A  Shaw,  Proprietors,  New  York. 

Our  120-page  guide  book,  "How  to  Know  New  York,"  sent 
free  on  receipt  of  3c.  in  stamps  to  pay  postage.  It  is  a  com- 
plete, concise,  compact,  rel/able  guide  to  the  metropolis. 


